Question 1

All people come very close to being able to float in water.What therefore is the volume (in cubic meters)of a 50-kg woman?
A)0.007
B)0.035
C)0.050
D)0.070
E)0.085

Accepted Answer

According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force exerted on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Since all people come close to being able to float in water, this means that the weight of the person is equal to the weight of the water they displace. The density of water is 1000 kg/m^3, so the volume of water displaced by a 50-kg person is:

V = m/d = 50/1000 = 0.05 m^3

Therefore, the volume of the 50-kg woman is also 0.05 m^3. The best choice is C.

Question 2

Exhibit 14-1 A dictator has built a bunker for his use in emergencies.Its dimensions are shown below.When it floods to ground level during a tropical storm,air is trapped above the dashed line in the bunker. Use this exhibit to answer the following question. -Refer to Exhibit 14-1.The gauge pressure at point A,in Pa,is A)3.92 * 10⁵. B)4.90 *10⁵. C)5.39 *10⁵. D)5.88 * 10⁵. E)6.89 * 10⁵.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

Determine the minimum area of a flat ice floe 1.0 meter thick if it is to support a 2 000-kg car above seawater.($\rho$_ice = 920 kg/m³,$\rho$_sea = 1 020 kg/m³. ) A)20 m² B)40 m² C)60 m² D)80 m² E)100 m²

Accepted Answer

The buoyant force on the ice floe must be equal to the weight of the car. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the ice floe. The weight of the water displaced is equal to the volume of the water displaced times the density of the water. The volume of the water displaced is equal to the area of the ice floe times the thickness of the ice floe. So, the area of the ice floe is equal to the weight of the car divided by the density of the water times the thickness of the ice floe.$$A=\frac{W}{ho_{water}t}=\frac{2000	ext{ kg}}{(1020	ext{ kg/m}^3)(1	ext{ m})}=1.96	ext{ m}^2$$

Question 4

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.7 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 42 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone? A)600 N/m² B)30 000 N/m² C)300 000 N/m² D)600 000 N/m² E)6 000 N/m²

Accepted Answer

The answer of A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area...

Question 5

Find the pressure in atmospheres in the water at the base of Dworshak Dam if the water in the reservoir is 200 meters deep.(1.01 *10⁵ N/m² = 1 ATM. ) A)20.4 ATM B)24.7 ATM C)29.4 ATM D)194 ATM E)75 ATM

Accepted Answer

Pressure = (density)(gravity)(depth)= (1000 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(200 m)= 1.96 x 106 N/m2= 1.96 atm

Question 6

A police crime lab is trying to determine whether someone was murdered or died as a result of an accident.He was struck in the temple by a 4.20 kg sculpture that is alleged to have fallen off a bookcase.The sculpture presumably fell a distance of 1.43 m and the corner that struck him had an area of 0.250 cm².If the time for the sculpture to stop was 1.00 ms,the pressure on his temple,in N/m²,was A)8.89 * 10⁴. B)1.65 * 10⁵. C)1.65 *10⁶. D)8.89 *10⁸. E)1.65 * 10⁹.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A police crime lab is trying to...

Question 7

A hydraulic lift raises a 2 000-kg automobile when a 500-N force is applied to the smaller piston.If the smaller piston has an area of 10 cm²,what is the cross-sectional area of the larger piston? A)40 cm² B)80 cm² C)196 cm² D)392 cm² E)160 cm²

Accepted Answer

We can use the principle of Pascal's Law which states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted uniformly in all directions.

Let's assume that the cross-sectional area of the larger piston is A. Then we can use the following formula based on Pascal's Law:

Force on small piston / Area of small piston = Force on large piston / Area of large piston

500 N / 10 cm² = F / A

where F is the force on the large piston.

Solving for A, we get:

A = (F × Area of small piston) / Force on small piston

A = (500 N × 10 cm²) / 2000 kg
A = 2500 cm²

Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the larger piston is 2500 cm² or 392 cm² to the nearest whole number.

The best choice is D.

Question 8

A thin rectangular piece of wood floats in water.You slowly pour oil with a density equal to that of the wood on the surface of the water until the height of the oil above the water is twice the height of the piece of wood.Which statement is correct?
A)The wood floats on top of the oil,so it sticks up in the air.
B)The wood does not change its position
C)The wood sinks below the surface of the water.
D)The wood is half in the water and half in the oil.
E)The wood floats in the oil just above the water.

Accepted Answer

The wood will float in the oil just above the water because the density of the wood is less than the density of the oil. The oil has a height twice that of the wood, but that does not change the fact that the wood is less dense and will float on top.

Question 9

People can snorkel down to a depth of roughly one meter.This means that the additional pressure on the air in their lungs is roughly A)9 800 N. B)9 800 Pa. C)9 800 ATM. D)19 600 N. E)19 600 N/m².

Accepted Answer

The pressure due to the weight of the column of water at a depth of one meter is equal to the weight of that column per unit area, which is roughly 9,800 Pa (or 1 atm). Therefore, the additional pressure on the air in a person's lungs would also be approximately 9,800 Pa.

Question 10

What is the net force inward acting on a spherical bathysphere of diameter 2.00 m at an ocean depth of 1 000 m? (The pressure inside the bathysphere is,hopefully,1 ATM. )$\rho$_{(sea water)} = 1.02* 10³ kg/m³. A)1.26 * 10⁴ N B)1.26 * 10⁶ N C)1.26 *10⁸ N D)1.26*10¹⁰ N E)1.26 *10² N

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the net force inward acting...

Question 11

To the nearest percent,what fraction of an iceberg is submerged? ($\rho$_ice = 917 kg/m³,$\rho$_sea = 1.03 * 10³ kg/m³. ) A)95% B)93% C)91% D)89% E)77%

Accepted Answer

The answer of To the nearest percent,what fraction of an...

Question 12

Exhibit 14-1 A dictator has built a bunker for his use in emergencies.Its dimensions are shown below.When it floods to ground level during a tropical storm,air is trapped above the dashed line in the bunker. Use this exhibit to answer the following question. -Refer to Exhibit 14-1.The absolute pressure at point A,in Pa,is A)3.92* 10⁵. B)4.90 *10⁵. C)5.39 *10⁵. D)5.88 * 10⁵. E)6.89 * 10⁵.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 14-1 
A dictator has built a...

Question 13

A dictator has built a bunker for his use in emergencies.Its dimensions are shown below.When it floods to ground level during a tropical storm,the gauge pressure at point A,in Pa,is A)3.92 * 10⁵. B)4.90 * 10⁵. C)5.39 * 10⁵. D)5.88 * 10⁵. E)6.89 * 10⁵.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A dictator has built a bunker for...

Question 14

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1 ATM (1.01 *10⁵ N/m²).What is the outward force exerted on a 1.0 m * 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure (at 10 km height)is 0.3 ATM? A)1.4 *10² N B)1.4 *10³ N C)1.4 *10⁴ N D)1.4 *10⁵ N E)7.0 * 10³ N

Accepted Answer

The force is calculated using the pressure difference and the area of the door: F = (P_inside - P_outside) * Area. The pressure difference is (1 - 0.3) ATM = 0.7 ATM = 0.7 * 1.01 * 10^5 N/m^2. The area is 1.0 m * 2.0 m = 2.0 m^2. Thus, F = 0.7 * 1.01 * 10^5 * 2.0 = 1.414 * 10^5 N.

Question 15

A supertanker filled with oil has a total mass of 6.1 * 10⁸ kg.If the dimensions of the ship are those of a rectangular box 300 meters long,80 meters wide,and 40 meters high,determine how far the bottom of the ship is below sea level.($\rho$_sea = 1 020 kg/m³. ) A)10 m B)15 m C)20 m D)25 m E)30 m

Accepted Answer

The answer of A supertanker filled with oil has a...

Question 16

A blimp is filled with 200 m³ of helium.How much mass can the balloon lift? The density of helium is one-seventh that of air,and the density of air is 1/800 that of water.Consider the mass of the balloon to be negligible. A)115 kg B)214 kg C)315 kg D)415 kg E)37 kg

Accepted Answer

First, we need to find the volume of the helium in the blimp. We know that the blimp contains 200 m³ or 200,000 liters of helium. Next, we need to find the mass of the helium. We can use the density of helium, which is one-seventh that of air, to find its mass. The density of air is 1/800 that of water. Density of air = 1/800 * Density of water Density of air = 1000 kg/m^3 / 800 Density of air = 1.25 kg/m^3 Density of helium = 1/7 * Density of air Density of helium = 1/7 * 1.25 Density of helium = 0.1786 kg/m^3 Now, we can use the formula for buoyancy to find the mass the balloon can lift: Buoyancy force = (density of air - density of helium) * volume of helium * gravitational acceleration Buoyancy force = (1.25 - 0.1786) * 200,000 * 9.8 Buoyancy force = 2.071 * 10^6 N Finally, we can use the formula for weight to find the mass: Weight = Buoyancy force - Weight of blimp Weight = 2.071 * 10^6 - 0 Weight = 2.071 * 10^6 N Mass = Weight / gravitational acceleration Mass = 2.071 * 10^6 / 9.8 Mass = 211,327.55 kg Therefore, the balloon can lift approximately 214 kg of mass.

Question 17

Melanie says that when a diver enters an underwater cave of height h,the pressure on her is no greater than $\rho$_Wgh.Rosalind says that if the bottom of the cave is a distance H below the water surface,the pressure on the soles of the diver's feet can reach $\rho$_WgH.Which one,if either,is correct? (The density of water is $\rho$_W. ) A)Melanie,because the roof of the cave absorbs the water pressure from above. B)Melanie,because only the fluid directly above any volume of the fluid can contribute to the pressure on that volume. C)Rosalind,because a fluid exerts equal pressure in all directions at a given depth. D)Rosalind,because the pressure also depends on the density,$\rho$_c,of the material above the cave roof,so that p = $\rho$_cg(H-h)+ $\rho$_Wgh. E)Melanie,because the pressure equals p = $\rho$_WgH - $\rho$_cg(H -h).

Accepted Answer

Rosalind is correct because the pressure at a given depth in a fluid is determined by the weight of the fluid above it, which is given by the formula ρgh, where ρ is the fluid density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth. The pressure is exerted equally in all directions at that depth, regardless of the presence of a cave.

Question 18

Air within the funnel of a large tornado may have a pressure of only 0.2 ATM.What is the approximate outward force on a (5 m *10 m)wall if a tornado suddenly envelops the house? (1 ATM = 1.01 *10⁵ N/m². ) A)4 * 10³ N B)4 *10⁴ N C)4 * 10⁵ N D)4 *10⁶ N E)7 * 10⁵ N

Accepted Answer

The answer of Air within the funnel of a large...

Question 19

Some species of whales can dive to depths of one kilometer.What is the total pressure they experience at this depth? ($\rho$_sea = 1 020 kg/m³ and 1.01 *10⁵ N/m² = 1 ATM. ) A)9.00 ATM B)90.0 ATM C)100 ATM D)111 ATM E)130 ATM

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some species of whales can dive to...

Question 20

The figure below shows a container filled with water to the height shown.When we compare the pressure at A to the pressure at B,we find that A) $p _ { A } = \frac { 1 } { 4 } p _ { B }$ . B) $p _ { A } = \frac { 1 } { 2 } p _ { B }$ . C)p_A = p_B. D)p_A = 2p_B. E)p_A = 4p_B.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The figure below shows a container filled...

Quiz 15: Fluid Mechanics

All people come very close to being able to float in water.What therefore is the volume (in cubic meters) of a 50-kg woman?

Determine the minimum area of a flat ice floe 1.0 meter thick if it is to support a 2 000-kg car above seawater.( $\rho$ _ice = 920 kg/m³, $\rho$ _sea = 1 020 kg/m³. )

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.7 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 42 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

Find the pressure in atmospheres in the water at the base of Dworshak Dam if the water in the reservoir is 200 meters deep.(1.01 *10⁵ N/m² = 1 ATM. )

A hydraulic lift raises a 2 000-kg automobile when a 500-N force is applied to the smaller piston.If the smaller piston has an area of 10 cm²,what is the cross-sectional area of the larger piston?

A thin rectangular piece of wood floats in water.You slowly pour oil with a density equal to that of the wood on the surface of the water until the height of the oil above the water is twice the height of the piece of wood.Which statement is correct?

People can snorkel down to a depth of roughly one meter.This means that the additional pressure on the air in their lungs is roughly

What is the net force inward acting on a spherical bathysphere of diameter 2.00 m at an ocean depth of 1 000 m? (The pressure inside the bathysphere is,hopefully,1 ATM. ) $\rho$ _{(sea water)} = 1.02* 10³ kg/m³.

To the nearest percent,what fraction of an iceberg is submerged? ( $\rho$ _ice = 917 kg/m³, $\rho$ _sea = 1.03 * 10³ kg/m³. )

A dictator has built a bunker for his use in emergencies.Its dimensions are shown below.When it floods to ground level during a tropical storm,the gauge pressure at point A,in Pa,is

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1 ATM (1.01 10⁵ N/m²) .What is the outward force exerted on a 1.0 m 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure (at 10 km height) is 0.3 ATM?

A supertanker filled with oil has a total mass of 6.1 * 10⁸ kg.If the dimensions of the ship are those of a rectangular box 300 meters long,80 meters wide,and 40 meters high,determine how far the bottom of the ship is below sea level.( $\rho$ _sea = 1 020 kg/m³. )

A blimp is filled with 200 m³ of helium.How much mass can the balloon lift? The density of helium is one-seventh that of air,and the density of air is 1/800 that of water.Consider the mass of the balloon to be negligible.

Air within the funnel of a large tornado may have a pressure of only 0.2 ATM.What is the approximate outward force on a (5 m 10 m) wall if a tornado suddenly envelops the house? (1 ATM = 1.01 10⁵ N/m². )

Some species of whales can dive to depths of one kilometer.What is the total pressure they experience at this depth? ( $\rho$ _sea = 1 020 kg/m³ and 1.01 *10⁵ N/m² = 1 ATM. )

Quiz 15: Fluid Mechanics

All people come very close to being able to float in water.What therefore is the volume (in cubic meters) of a 50-kg woman?

Determine the minimum area of a flat ice floe 1.0 meter thick if it is to support a 2 000-kg car above seawater.( ρ\rhoρ ice = 920 kg/m3, ρ\rhoρ sea = 1 020 kg/m3. )

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.7 cm2.If the chisel is struck with a force of 42 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

Find the pressure in atmospheres in the water at the base of Dworshak Dam if the water in the reservoir is 200 meters deep.(1.01 *105 N/m2 = 1 ATM. )

A hydraulic lift raises a 2 000-kg automobile when a 500-N force is applied to the smaller piston.If the smaller piston has an area of 10 cm2,what is the cross-sectional area of the larger piston?

A thin rectangular piece of wood floats in water.You slowly pour oil with a density equal to that of the wood on the surface of the water until the height of the oil above the water is twice the height of the piece of wood.Which statement is correct?

People can snorkel down to a depth of roughly one meter.This means that the additional pressure on the air in their lungs is roughly

What is the net force inward acting on a spherical bathysphere of diameter 2.00 m at an ocean depth of 1 000 m? (The pressure inside the bathysphere is,hopefully,1 ATM. ) ρ\rhoρ (sea water) = 1.02* 103 kg/m3.

To the nearest percent,what fraction of an iceberg is submerged? ( ρ\rhoρ ice = 917 kg/m3, ρ\rhoρ sea = 1.03 * 103 kg/m3. )

A dictator has built a bunker for his use in emergencies.Its dimensions are shown below.When it floods to ground level during a tropical storm,the gauge pressure at point A,in Pa,is

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1 ATM (1.01 *105 N/m2) .What is the outward force exerted on a 1.0 m * 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure (at 10 km height) is 0.3 ATM?

A supertanker filled with oil has a total mass of 6.1 * 108 kg.If the dimensions of the ship are those of a rectangular box 300 meters long,80 meters wide,and 40 meters high,determine how far the bottom of the ship is below sea level.( ρ\rhoρ sea = 1 020 kg/m3. )

A blimp is filled with 200 m3 of helium.How much mass can the balloon lift? The density of helium is one-seventh that of air,and the density of air is 1/800 that of water.Consider the mass of the balloon to be negligible.

Air within the funnel of a large tornado may have a pressure of only 0.2 ATM.What is the approximate outward force on a (5 m *10 m) wall if a tornado suddenly envelops the house? (1 ATM = 1.01 *105 N/m2. )

Some species of whales can dive to depths of one kilometer.What is the total pressure they experience at this depth? ( ρ\rhoρ sea = 1 020 kg/m3 and 1.01 *105 N/m2 = 1 ATM. )

The figure below shows a container filled with water to the height shown.When we compare the pressure at A to the pressure at B,we find that