Question 1

Leptin is a __________ involved in appetite control.

Accepted Answer

Leptin is a hormone produced by adipose (fat) cells in the body. It acts as a signal to the brain to indicate the amount of fat stored in the body, and plays a key role in regulating appetite and energy balance.

Question 2

Dora is experiencing positive emotions while Milly is experiencing negative emotions.If researchers are examining EEG recordings of their brains,where are they most likely to see increases in activity?

Accepted Answer

Positive emotions are typically associated with increased activity in the left frontal lobe, while negative emotions are associated with increased activity in the right frontal lobe.

Question 3

The structure in the brain that,when damaged,causes rats to stop eating is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

Jocelyn needs to be the one whose ideas are always used and craves prestige among others.She drives an expensive car and wears nothing but the most expensive clothes.Jocelyn is high in the need for __________.

Accepted Answer

Jocelyn's desire for her ideas to always be used and her craving for prestige among others signify a need for power. Additionally, her expensive car and clothing choices suggest that she may use material possessions to display her power or status.

Question 5

People who are always looking for a challenge may be high in the need for __________.

Accepted Answer

The need for achievement refers to the desire to set and meet challenging goals, as well as the satisfaction that comes from accomplishing those goals. People with a high need for achievement tend to seek out and enjoy challenging tasks, which aligns with the description given in the question.

Question 6

When we eat,the pancreas releases __________,which lowers blood sugar and can increase the feeling of hunger.

Accepted Answer

When we eat, the pancreas releases insulin, which helps to move glucose from the bloodstream into cells to be used for energy. This can lower blood sugar levels but can also increase hunger as the body needs more glucose to maintain energy levels.

Question 7

The need for money is an example of a(n)__________ drive.

Accepted Answer

Money is not a biological necessity but a learned or acquired need that helps satisfy primary drives like food and shelter.

Question 8

Gene is trying to choose a snack.There is a bowl of fruit on the table,but there's also a candy bar that he bought yesterday.The fact that Gene feels drawn to choose the candy bar instead of the fruit is an example of the power of __________.

Accepted Answer

In this scenario, the candy bar acts as an incentive for Gene to choose it over the fruit. Incentives are external factors that motivate and influence behavior, and in this case, the candy bar is more attractive to Gene than the fruit, even if the fruit may fulfill his needs better. The other options, such as needs and drives, may play a role in shaping his behavior, but in this scenario, the power of incentives is the most relevant explanation for Gene's decision-making process.

Question 9

The rate at which your body burns energy when at rest is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the rate at which your body burns energy when at rest is basal metabolic rate (BMR). This represents the number of calories your body needs to maintain basic functions such as breathing, circulation and cell production. It varies depending on factors such as age, gender, weight, height and body composition. BMR is an important component of overall energy expenditure and can influence weight management.

Question 10

Shontia works at a day-care center.The pay is low and the hours are long,but she loves being around children and has no desire to look for a higher paying job.Shontia's motivation appears to be __________.

Accepted Answer

Shontia's motivation to stay at the day-care center despite low pay and long hours is driven by her love for being around children, which is an intrinsic motivation.

Question 11

According to Rodin,externals are people who may produce insulin in response to anticipating food as a result of __________.

Accepted Answer

Rodin's concept of "externals" is related to classical conditioning, where individuals learn to associate certain environmental stimuli (such as the anticipation of food) with a particular biological response (such as insulin secretion). This learned response is not necessarily based on genetic tendencies or biological sensitivity, but rather on conditioning experiences.

Question 12

In Schachter and Singer's classic study,participants were physically aroused by __________.

Accepted Answer

In Schachter and Singer's classic study, participants were injected with epinephrine to induce physical arousal.

Question 13

According to Maslow,a person who wants to become self-actualized must first satisfy __________.

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, basic physiological needs such as food, water, and shelter, as well as safety needs, must be fulfilled before an individual can move on to satisfying higher needs such as self-actualization.

Question 14

Your heart is racing,your breathing is rapid,and your mouth is dry.What emotion are you experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Physiological reactions such as increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and dry mouth can be associated with multiple emotions, including anger, fear, and excitement, making it difficult to distinguish between them based solely on these symptoms.

Question 15

The approach to motivation that forced psychologists to consider the hereditary factors in motivation was the __________ approach.

Accepted Answer

The instinct approach emphasizes that certain behaviors are innate and genetically determined. This approach forced psychologists to consider the role of hereditary factors in motivation.

Question 16

If there is a history of obesity in a family,each family member has __________ of becoming obese compared to people without such a family history.

Accepted Answer

Family history of obesity is a known risk factor for obesity. Studies have shown that individuals with a family history of obesity have double or triple the risk of becoming obese compared to people without such a family history. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 17

The theory of emotion that owes a lot to Darwin's work is the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

Darwin's work on emotions emphasized the role of facial expressions in conveying emotions, which is closely related to the facial feedback theory.

Question 18

The __________ is a brain structure that allows us to quickly and unconsciously respond to potentially dangerous stimuli before we are completely conscious of the threat.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is responsible for assigning emotional significance to sensory stimuli and helps us quickly respond to potential threats before we are fully conscious of them. It is important in processing emotions such as fear and anxiety. The other brain structures listed do not have the same function as the amygdala in processing threat-related information.

Question 19

Evidence from a study with 2-year-olds who were given an opportunity to explore a black box with a hole in it suggests that sensation seeking may be __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evidence from a study with 2-year-olds who...

Question 20

Through pairing cartoon or movie characters with different food items,researchers have found characters can influence children's __________.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that pairing cartoon or movie characters with different food items can influence children's taste preferences.

Quiz 9: Motivation and Emotion