Question 1

The nurse teaching a high school class explains that during the menstrual cycle, the vascularity of the uterus increases and the endometrium becomes prepared for a fertilized ovum. In which phase of the menstrual cycle does this occur?

Accepted Answer

During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, the vascularity of the uterus increases, and the endometrium becomes prepared for a fertilized ovum.

Question 2

The student nurse encounters a 15-year-old girl who reports that she has no pubic or axillary hair and has not yet experienced growth of her breasts. The student asks the nurse about the physiology of this occurrence. The nurse explains that the patient probably lacks which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics, such as pubic and axillary hair, breast growth, and widening of the hips. The absence of these changes suggests a lack of estrogen. Testosterone is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics, while progesterone and prolactin are primarily involved in the menstrual cycle and lactation, respectively, and would not directly affect pubertal development.

Question 3

The nurse is preparing a handout on the ovarian cycle to a group of middle school girls. Which information should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

The ovarian cycle consists of two main phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase involves the maturation of the ovarian follicles, while the luteal phase follows ovulation and involves the corpus luteum.

Question 4

The nurse recognizes the importance of the interaction between the nervous and endocrine systems in the female reproductive cycle. The interaction involves the:

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus releases GnRH, which stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH. These hormones act on the ovaries to regulate the menstrual cycle.

Question 5

The nurse teaching the phases of the menstrual cycle should include the fact that the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, estrogen and progesterone levels fall, and the blood supply to the endometrium is reduced in which phase?

Accepted Answer

The degeneration of the corpus luteum, reduction of blood supply to the endometrium, and decrease in levels of estrogen and progesterone occur in the ischemic phase, which is also known as the premenstrual or late luteal phase.

Question 6

The nurse teaches a patient that luteinizing hormone (LH) is important in the ovarian cycle for:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse teaches a patient that luteinizing...

Question 7

The nurse is teaching a woman about her menstrual cycle. Which is the most important change that happens during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

The most important change that happens during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle is the maturation of the graafian follicle, which contains a mature egg that will be released during ovulation. This is essential for fertility and the ability to conceive. Multiplication of the fimbriae, secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin, and proliferation of the endometrium, all occur during other phases of the menstrual cycle and are not as crucial as the maturation of the graafian follicle.

Question 8

The nurse knows that cyclic hormonal control of the mature breast includes the hormone:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse knows that cyclic hormonal control...

Question 9

The nurse is teaching a class on erectile dysfunction. Based on the anatomy of the male external genitalia, what is the most logical cause of the inability to achieve erection?

Accepted Answer

Erection is achieved when the penis fills with blood, so poor circulation to the penis would be the most logical cause of inability to achieve erection. Weakness or atrophy of the penile muscles may contribute to erectile dysfunction, but poor circulation is a more likely cause. Decreased functioning of the seminiferous tubules and an undescended testicle would not affect erection.

Question 10

The nurse is preparing a handout for female adolescents on the menstrual cycle. What phase of the cycle occurs if fertilization does not take place?

Accepted Answer

If fertilization does not occur, the ischemic phase happens, leading to the breakdown of the endometrium and the onset of menstruation.

Question 11

The nurse is preparing a presentation on the menstrual cycle for a group of high school students. Which statement should the nurse include in this presentation?

Accepted Answer

The secretory phase occurs after ovulation and is when the endometrium is prepared for potential implantation, making it the time when a woman is most fertile.

Quiz 10: The Reproductive System