Seligman and Maier used a(n) _____________ design to test whether the controllability of the shock, rather than the shock itself, caused the helplessness.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Seligman and Maier used a triadic design where they gave one group of dogs inescapable shocks, another group escapable shocks, and a third group no shocks. By comparing the behavior of the three groups, they were able to determine that controllability was the causal factor in the development of helplessness, rather than the shock itself.

Seligman and Maier Used A(n) _____________ Design to Test Whether