Question 1

Which individual is likely to have the lowest income in retirement?

Accepted Answer

According to studies, women and people of color tend to have lower incomes in retirement due to systemic discrimination and the gender wage gap. Additionally, older individuals tend to have higher medical expenses, which can further impact their income. Since the given options only differ by gender and race, the 85-year-old black woman is most likely to have the lowest income in retirement.

Question 2

The sandwich generation provides care for

Accepted Answer

The sandwich generation is typically defined as the group of people who are caring for both their children and elderly parents at the same time. This can include a wide range of responsibilities, from providing transportation and housekeeping assistance to managing medical care and financial support. It can be a challenging role, requiring significant time and resources, and it is becoming increasingly common as people live longer and multi-generational households become more prevalent.

Question 3

Which country will be most affected by the increase in population of adults over 80 in the year 2050?

Accepted Answer

Japan has the highest life expectancy in the world and is already experiencing a rapidly aging population. By 2050, it is projected that almost 40% of the population will be over the age of 65, with a significant increase in those over 80. This will have significant impacts on the country's healthcare system, economy, and social structures.

Question 4

According to cross-sectional studies, which letter best represents marriage satisfaction over time?

Accepted Answer

The U-shape curve is often used to describe marriage satisfaction over time, indicating high satisfaction at the beginning, a decline during the middle years, and an increase again in the later years.

Question 5

Which two theories of aging focus on macro factors?

Accepted Answer

Both feminist and critical theories of aging focus on macro factors, examining how societal structures and power dynamics influence the aging process.

Question 6

The theory that we don't change very much as we age is known as ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The theory that we don't change very much as we age is known as continuity theory. This theory suggests that as we age, we maintain a sense of consistency in our personality, relationships, and basic behaviors. It emphasizes the importance of continuing attitudes, values, and ways of behaving from earlier stages of life into later stages.

Question 7

Helping friends and family members

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that helping friends and family members can increase social support and reduce stress, which can lead to a longer lifespan for both males and females.

Question 8

In 1950 the age structure pyramid in more developed countries looked similar to the letter ________ and in 2030 it is expected to look more like the letter

Accepted Answer

In 1950 the age structure pyramid in more developed countries looked like the letter A, with a large base of young people and decreasing numbers in older age groups. However, as life expectancy has increased and fertility rates have decreased, the pyramid has become more rectangular, with more even distribution across age groups. By 2030, it is expected to look more like the letter T, with a larger proportion of older individuals in the population.

Question 9

OASDI benefits was a result of the

Accepted Answer

OASDI benefits (Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance) were established as part of the Social Security Act of 1935. The program provides retirement, survivor, and disability benefits to eligible individuals and is funded through payroll taxes.

Question 10

Shawn and Jennifer have three children. Jennifer's parents, Margie and Tim, live just a block away and the kids go there after school each day since Shawn and Jennifer both work full-time. Margie and Tim are ________ grandparents.

Accepted Answer

Involved grandparents are those who take an active role in their grandchildren's lives and provide daily care and support. Given that Margie and Tim take care of their grandchildren after school every day, they are involved grandparents. Remote grandparents are those who live far away and have little contact with their grandchildren. Companionate grandparents have a warm and loving relationship with their grandchildren but are not involved in their daily care. Evolved grandparents is not a recognized term in the literature on grandparenting.

Question 11

A "medigap" policy

Accepted Answer

A medigap policy is a type of private insurance policy that is designed to cover the gaps or "gaps" in coverage left by Medicare. This means that medigap policies typically pay deductibles, co-pays, and other out-of-pocket costs that are not covered by Medicare. They do not provide free health care for all elderly persons or pay for the health costs of low-income individuals.

Question 12

There is ________ for Alzheimer's disease, but no cure.

Accepted Answer

Currently, there is medication available to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but there is no cure. Option A is incorrect because there are treatments available. Option B is incorrect because brain surgery is not a common treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Option C is incorrect because psychotherapy is not a primary treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Question 13

What is the relationship between race, gender, and the widow effect?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that white men are more susceptible to the widow effect, which is the increased likelihood of death following the death of a spouse, compared to other racial and gender groups.

Question 14

What assumptions can be made about racial differences in grandparenting using the integrative explanation?

Accepted Answer

The integrative explanation suggests that both cultural values and structural factors impact grandparenting practices. In the case of Black families, cultural values place a high emphasis on intergenerational relationships and the role of grandmothers as important kin keepers. Structural factors also play a role as broader societal issues such as racism and discrimination may create a need for familial support and closeness. Therefore, option B is the most consistent with the integrative explanation. Options A, C, and D do not accurately reflect the complexity of the relationship between race, culture, and grandparenting.

Question 15

Adults who move back into their parents' home are known as

Accepted Answer

Adults who move back into their parents' home are commonly referred to as "boomerangers." A "boomerang" is a term used to describe something that returns to its starting point, and in this case, it refers to adults returning to live with their parents. The terms "ricocheters" and "rebounders" do not specifically refer to moving back in with parents, and "repeaters" is not a commonly used term for this situation.

Question 16

Jonathan and Lisa are planning to retire in two years. They will receive pensions, social security, and they have adequate savings. They have satisfying careers and work 60 hours a week. They live on acreage outside of town and have few social contacts. They are looking forward to having a relaxing breakfast together each morning and doing what they please. Hypothesize how they will fare in retirement.

Accepted Answer

Jonathan and Lisa have plenty of financial assets, which will give them the freedom to do what they please in retirement. This will likely lead to a high level of satisfaction for both of them.

Question 17

What explains the differences in sexual activity of men and women 75-85 years old?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that women in the 75-85 age range are more likely to be without a partner, either due to widowhood or divorce, compared to men in the same age group. This can account for differences in sexual activity rates between men and women. It is important to note that women in this age range are not necessarily asexual and that men may still have the ability to engage in sexual activity.

Question 18

Suzanna and Bill each earn $70,000 a year from their jobs. Kevin earns $140,000 a year at his job and his wife Debi does not work outside the home. What can be concluded about their Social Security?

Accepted Answer

Suzanna and Bill each earn $70,000, which means they will pay Social Security taxes on a combined income of $140,000. Kevin earns $140,000 and will also pay Social Security taxes on that income. Since Debi does not work outside the home, they will not pay Social Security taxes on her income. Therefore, Suzanna and Bill pay more into Social Security than Kevin and Debi.

Question 19

By 2020, it is estimated that ________ percent of individuals over 75 will still be in the workforce because

Accepted Answer

By 2020, it was estimated that 10% of individuals over 75 would still be in the workforce due to changes in pension types, which often require individuals to work longer to secure financial stability.

Question 20

Dr. Owens is performing a longitudinal study on aging with the hypothesis that individuals who participate in a hobby at least once a week age more successfully. Dr. Owens is basing his research on which theory?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Owens is basing his research on the activity theory of aging, which suggests that individuals who remain active and engaged in their later years experience greater life satisfaction and successful aging.

Quiz 12: Aging Families