Question 1

Nick is admitted to a mental institution because he hears voices talking to him that no one else can hear,and he sees demons attacking him,though no one else could see anything near him.Nick's symptoms are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

Nick is experiencing hallucinations, as he is perceiving sensory experiences (voices and demons) that do not actually exist. Delusions involve beliefs that are not based in reality, obsessions are repetitive and intrusive thoughts or impulses, and compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

Question 2

Which pair consists of negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia refer to deficits or disruptions in normal emotional and behavioral functioning. Poor attention and flat affect are examples of negative symptoms, as they represent a lack of emotional reactivity and withdrawal from social interactions. Blunted affect and delusions are positive symptoms, which involve the presence of abnormal behaviors or experiences such as distorted thinking and out-of-touch perceptions. Abolition and hallucinations are also positive symptoms. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the causes of antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

There is not enough evidence to support the claim that there is a greater risk of antisocial personality disorder in relatives of people with schizotypal personality disorder.

Question 4

People with ______ disorders have an excessively rigid,maladaptive pattern of behavior and ways of relating to others.

Accepted Answer

Personality disorders are characterized by inflexible and maladaptive patterns of behavior, thoughts, and feelings that lead to problems in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. People with personality disorders often have difficulty relating to others and may have problems with impulsivity, emotional instability, or aggression. Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms without a clear medical explanation, affective disorders involve mood disturbances like depression or bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterized by psychotic symptoms like hallucinations and delusions. None of these disorders involve the same kind of pattern of behavior seen in personality disorders.

Question 5

Research suggests that a reduction in myelin coating neurons in the uncinate fasciculus and the cingulum bundle,two important parts of the brain,is related to developing symptoms of __________.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that individuals with schizophrenia have reduced myelin coating in the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum bundle, two important parts of the brain involved in emotion regulation and social cognition. This reduction in myelin is thought to contribute to the symptoms of schizophrenia, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking.

Question 6

John has made a career of stealing older people's retirement money by taking advantage of their trust and selling them phony retirement investments.John explains that he has done nothing wrong-if these people were not so greedy,they would not be so eager to invest in his phony schemes.In his mind,his victims got exactly what they deserved.John's behavior and attitude are typical of someone with ______ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

John's behavior of stealing and taking advantage of others, along with his lack of remorse and faith in the victims deserving to be stolen from, suggest that he has antisocial personality disorder.

Question 7

The process of cutting holes in the skull of a person with the symptoms of a mental disorder is a part of traditional exorcism.

Accepted Answer

The process described is known as trepanation, which historically was used for various medical reasons, including the treatment of head injuries and believed to cure ailments like migraines or mental disorders, but it is not part of traditional exorcism practices. Traditional exorcism usually involves rituals or prayers to expel supposed evil spirits.

Question 8

A hospital patient was diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia because she was having both delusions and hallucinations.What type of symptoms are these?

Accepted Answer

Delusions and hallucinations are positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 9

Sal has decreased levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in his frontal lobe areas.Which disorder might he be at risk of experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Decreased levels of dopamine in the frontal lobe areas are commonly associated with schizophrenia.

Question 10

Which of the following is a condition in which a person shows little or no emotion?

Accepted Answer

Flat affect is the condition in which a person shows little or no emotion. Hallucinations are false perceptions while delusions are false beliefs. Inappropriate affect is when a person’s emotional expression does not match the situation.

Question 11

Antisocial,paranoid,and schizoid are all types of ________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Antisocial, paranoid, and schizoid are all types of personality disorders.

Question 12

Which of the following statements might someone with a biological perspective make about schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A person with a biological perspective would focus on the genetic, chemical, and structural factors that contribute to the development of schizophrenia. They would view it as a disorder of the brain rather than a result of disturbed relationships or illogical thinking.

Question 13

Which of the following people would be most likely to receive a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Jared, who enjoys stealing cars and disregarding the property rights of others, aligns most with this disorder. The other options do not necessarily fit the criteria for this particular disorder.

Question 14

Marty is moody,manipulative,unstable,lacks a clear sense of identity,and often clings to others.He wants to have close relationships but is unable to do so because he is untrusting of others.Marty is suffering from ______ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Marty exhibits symptoms of borderline personality disorder, including mood swings, manipulative behavior, unstable sense of self, and difficulty forming trusting relationships. These are all common characteristics of individuals with borderline personality disorder.

Question 15

Approximately ___% of people worldwide will develop schizophrenia at some point during their lives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately ___% of people worldwide will develop...

Question 16

Which of the following is a disturbed behavior ranging from statue-like immobility to burst of energetic,frantic movement and talking?

Accepted Answer

Catatonia is a disturbed behavior characterized by a range of symptoms, including statue-like immobility, rigidity, repetitive movements, and frantic movement/talking. This can occur in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Hypomanic refers to a state of elevated or irritable mood, but does not necessarily involve catatonic symptoms. Circumscribed refers to a restricted range of interests or activities, and flat affect refers to a lack of emotional expression.

Question 17

According to family,twin,and adoption studies,a person is at greatest risk for developing schizophrenia _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to family,twin,and adoption studies,a person is...

Question 18

Kevin shows a pattern of instability in his relationships,self-image,and feelings.As such,he most likely has ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described in the question are indicative of borderline personality disorder, which is characterized by intense and unstable relationships, a distorted sense of self-image, and intense mood swings. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for others' rights and the law, and Dependent personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive need to be taken care of. Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by social anxiety and feelings of inadequacy.

Question 19

What is the best way to describe the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The positive symptoms of schizophrenia are characterized by an excess or distortion of normal functions, such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and disorganized behavior. These symptoms are clearly identifiable, but they do not necessarily indicate that psychologists are certain they are present. A decrease in normal functioning, which is associated with negative symptoms, is not a characteristic of positive symptoms.

Question 20

Which of the following statements represents the cognitive-behavioral theorist's view of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral theorists believe that personality disorders are a type of learned behavior. They view these disorders as the result of maladaptive learning from the environment, particularly during childhood and adolescence. This learning can include reinforcement of dysfunctional behaviors, such as avoidance or aggression, or cognitive distortions, such as black and white thinking or overgeneralization.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders