Question 1

When the electric potential in a cell is in action versus a resting state,this electrical charge reversal is known as the _________________.
A)resting potential
B)excitation reaction
C)action potential
D)permeable reaction

Accepted Answer

The electrical charge reversal that occurs when an electric potential in a cell is in action is known as an action potential. Resting potential refers to the baseline electrical state of a cell, and permeable reaction is not a common term used in cell physiology. Excitation reaction is somewhat ambiguous and not the best choice in this context.

Question 2

During action potential,the electrical charge inside the neuron is ______ the electrical charge outside the neuron.
A)positive compared to
B)larger than
C)negative compared to
D)smaller than

Accepted Answer

The answer of During action potential,the electrical charge inside the...

Question 3

The saclike structures found inside the synaptic knob containing chemicals are called________.
A)axon terminals
B)synapses
C)synaptic vesicles
D)receptor sites

Accepted Answer

The saclike structures found inside the synaptic knob containing chemicals are called synaptic vesicles. The axon terminals refer to the end of the axon, while synapses are the junctions between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron. Receptor sites are specific areas on the surface of a neuron or other cell that are sensitive to neurotransmitters or hormones.

Question 4

One purpose of the ____________________ is to speed up the neural message traveling down the axon.
A)receptor site
B)axon terminal
C)myelin
D)synaptic vesicle

Accepted Answer

The myelin sheath is a fatty layer that covers some axons and helps to speed up the neural message traveling down the axon by allowing the electrical signal to jump from one node of Ranvier to the next, rather than traveling the entire length of the axon. This process is called saltatory conduction. Receptor sites, axon terminals, and synaptic vesicles all play important roles in neural transmission, but none specifically speed up the message traveling down the axon.

Question 5

What do we call the state of a neuron when it is not firing a neural impulse?
A)action potential
B)resting potential
C)myelination signal
D)transmission impulse

Accepted Answer

The state of a neuron when it is not firing a neural impulse is called the resting potential. This refers to the electrical charge difference between the inside and outside of the neuron's cell membrane. When a neuron is at rest, it has a negative charge inside relative to the outside. This difference in charge sets the stage for the neuron to fire an action potential, which is a brief electrical impulse that travels down the axon.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about myelin?
A)It's a fatty substance.
B)It is covered by axons.
C)It inhibits neural communication.
D)It slows down neuronal operations.

Accepted Answer

Myelin is a fatty substance that wraps around the axons of neurons, forming a protective sheath. It enhances neural communication and increases the speed of neuronal operations.

Question 7

What is the function of myelin?
A)to serve as a structure for neurons
B)to monitor neural activity
C)to speed up the neural impulse
D)to produce neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

The function of myelin is to speed up the neural impulse by insulating and allowing the electrical signal to travel faster down the axon.

Question 8

The state during which a neuron contains more negatively charged ions inside the cell than outside the cell and is not firing is referred to as the__________.
A)action potential
B)quiet potential
C)synaptic potential
D)resting potential

Accepted Answer

Resting potential is the state in which a neuron is not firing and contains more negatively charged ions inside the cell than outside the cell.

Question 9

A cell in the human nervous system whose primary function is to provide insulation and structure for neurons on which they may develop and work is called a(n)_________.
A)epidermal cell
B)adipose cell
C)glial cell
D)myelin sheath

Accepted Answer

Glial cells, also known as neuroglia or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells in the central and peripheral nervous system whose primary function is to provide support and structure for neurons. They can also regulate the extracellular environment, provide myelin insulation around axons, and participate in immune responses. The myelin sheath, while important for insulating axons, is not a type of cell. Epidermal cells are part of the skin and adipose cells store fat in the body, neither of which are directly involved in the nervous system.

Question 10

The swellings or knobs at the end of the axon are called________.
A)axon terminals
B)synaptic vesicles
C)synapses
D)receptor sites

Accepted Answer

The swellings or knobs at the end of the axon are called axon terminals. Synaptic vesicles are small sacs that contain neurotransmitters within the axon terminals. Synapses are the tiny gaps between neurons where chemical signaling occurs. Receptor sites are specialized protein structures on the surface of cells that bind to specific molecules, such as neurotransmitters.

Question 11

Juan's toe was severed and was quickly sewn back on by a surgeon.As a result,he regained some function and feeling in his toe.Which of the following are responsible for Juan's ability to regain function and feeling in his toe?
A)myelin
B)glial cells
C)dendrites
D)neurilemma

Accepted Answer

Neurilemma is the outermost layer of the axon in peripheral nerves, and it plays an important role in nerve regeneration. In Juan's case, the quick sewn back of his toe could have allowed the neurilemma of his nerves to start regenerating, which could have helped him regain function and feeling in his toe. Myelin (A) is responsible for insulation and faster transmission of nerve impulses but is not directly involved in regeneration. Glial cells (B) provide support and nutrition to neurons but also do not play a significant role in regeneration. Dendrites (C) are the receiving end of neurons and are not involved in regeneration.

Question 12

When a neuron fires,it fires in a(n)________ fashion as there is no such thing as "partial" firing.
A)all-or-none
B)rapid fire
C)accidental patterned
D)quick successioned

Accepted Answer

When a neuron fires, it will either fire completely or not at all. This is known as the all-or-none principle. There is no partial firing of a neuron. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Question 13

"All or none" is the principle stating that ______.
A)a neuron either fires or does not fire
B)a neuron fires at full strength or not at all
C)all the dendrites must be receiving messages telling the neuron to fire or it will not fire at all
D)all somas must be receiving messages telling the neuron to fire or it will not fire at all

Accepted Answer

The all-or-none principle states that a neuron will either fire an action potential or it will not fire at all, regardless of the strength or intensity of the signals it is receiving.

Question 14

When a cell is "at rest," it is in a state called the ________.
A)stopping point
B)obcipitation junction
C)resting potential
D)action potential

Accepted Answer

The term "resting potential" refers to the electrical charge that exists across the cell membrane of a neuron when the cell is at rest. This charge is maintained by the uneven distribution of ions inside and outside the cell, and plays an important role in allowing the neuron to generate an action potential when stimulated. Choice A ("stopping point") and B ("obcipitation junction") do not accurately describe the state of a resting cell, and choice D ("action potential") refers to a different state of the cell when it is actively transmitting information.

Question 15

The term "fire" when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron:
A)has become less positive in charge.
B)has received,in its dendrites,appropriate inputs from other neurons.
C)is unable to transmit information to another neuron.
D)has become more negative in charge.

Accepted Answer

The term "fire" when referring to neural transmission means that the neuron has received enough inputs (from other neurons in its dendrites) to reach a threshold and trigger an action potential, resulting in the transmission of information to another neuron. It does not necessarily indicate a change in the neuron's charge (positive or negative).

Question 16

What is the term used to describe the rounded areas on the ends of the axon terminals?
A)synaptic vesicles
B)axons
C)dendrites
D)synaptic knobs

Accepted Answer

The rounded areas on the ends of the axon terminals are called synaptic knobs, also known as terminal buttons or axon terminals. They contain synaptic vesicles that store neurotransmitters, which are released into the synaptic cleft to transmit signals to other neurons. Axons are long, thin projections that transmit signals away from the cell body, while dendrites are shorter, branching projections that receive signals from other neurons.

Question 17

The charge that a neuron at rest maintains is due to the presence of a high number of _________ charged ions inside the neuron's membrane.
A)actively
B)passively
C)negatively
D)positively

Accepted Answer

The charge that a neuron at rest maintains is due to the presence of negatively charged ions, specifically chloride and proteins, inside the neuron's membrane. This creates a negative charge inside the neuron, known as the resting membrane potential.

Question 18

A group of axons bundled together coated in myelin that travels together through the body is called a ______.
A)a synaptic vesicle
B)nerve
C)neurilemma
D)a myelinated pathway

Accepted Answer

A group of axons bundled together and coated in myelin is called a nerve. The other options are not accurate descriptions of this structure.

Question 19

What is the term used to describe the bulbs located at the end of the axon?
A)axon terminals
B)synaptic vesicles
C)synapses
D)receptor sites

Accepted Answer

The bulbs located at the end of the axon are called axon terminals, also known as terminal buttons or synaptic knobs.

Question 20

A nerve is a group of ______ bundled together.
A)axons
B)interneurons
C)dendrites
D)glial cells

Accepted Answer

Nerves are made up of axons, which are the long, thin extensions of neurons that transmit signals to other neurons or to muscles and glands. Interneurons and dendrites are not typically bundled together into distinct structures like nerves. Glial cells also do not form the structural foundation of nerves, although they do play important supporting roles in maintaining the health and function of neurons.

Quiz 2: Biological Perspective

When the electric potential in a cell is in action versus a resting state,this electrical charge reversal is known as the _________________.

During action potential,the electrical charge inside the neuron is ______ the electrical charge outside the neuron.

The saclike structures found inside the synaptic knob containing chemicals are called________.

One purpose of the ____________________ is to speed up the neural message traveling down the axon.

What do we call the state of a neuron when it is not firing a neural impulse?

Which of the following is true about myelin?

What is the function of myelin?

The state during which a neuron contains more negatively charged ions inside the cell than outside the cell and is not firing is referred to as the__________.

A cell in the human nervous system whose primary function is to provide insulation and structure for neurons on which they may develop and work is called a(n) _________.

The swellings or knobs at the end of the axon are called________.

Juan's toe was severed and was quickly sewn back on by a surgeon.As a result,he regained some function and feeling in his toe.Which of the following are responsible for Juan's ability to regain function and feeling in his toe?

When a neuron fires,it fires in a(n) ________ fashion as there is no such thing as "partial" firing.

"All or none" is the principle stating that ______.

When a cell is "at rest," it is in a state called the ________.

The term "fire" when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron:

What is the term used to describe the rounded areas on the ends of the axon terminals?

The charge that a neuron at rest maintains is due to the presence of a high number of _________ charged ions inside the neuron's membrane.

A group of axons bundled together coated in myelin that travels together through the body is called a ______.

What is the term used to describe the bulbs located at the end of the axon?

A nerve is a group of ______ bundled together.