Question 1

Which of the following is an advantage of behavior therapy?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy is focused on changing specific behaviors and can be a relatively quick and efficient way to reduce symptoms. It does not necessarily treat the underlying cause of the problem or focus on irrational thoughts like cognitive therapies do. It can be effective in treating a variety of psychological disorders, but it is not always the most effective approach for all individuals.

Question 2

Dr.Stevenson,a therapist,states "I promote rational thinking to alleviate distressing feelings and behaviors." Dr.Stevenson is probably a ________ therapist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Stevenson's focus on rational thinking to address distressing feelings and behaviors suggests they are a cognitive therapist, as this approach emphasizes identifying and altering maladaptive thought patterns to improve mental health outcomes.

Question 3

Which of these clients is the most likely candidate for Aaron Beck's form of cognitive therapy?

Accepted Answer

Aaron Beck's form of cognitive therapy is most commonly used to treat depression.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the effectiveness of contingency contracts when used with children?

Accepted Answer

Contingency contracts are most effective when they are consistent and applied uniformly. This helps children understand the expectations and consequences of their behavior. A lack of consistency can lead to confusion and a breakdown in trust between the child and the parent. Option B is incorrect because contingency contracts are typically more effective when they are structured with clear guidelines and expectations rather than being subject to frequent changes. Option C is incorrect because if parents back down on a promised privilege, it can reduce the effectiveness of the contingency contract as it undermines the trust between the child and the parent. Option D is incorrect because children cannot change the rules once the contract has been agreed upon.

Question 5

Beck's cognitive therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of ______.

Accepted Answer

Beck's cognitive therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of depression. Beck's approach focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns that contribute to depression. It helps individuals become aware of their negative automatic thoughts and beliefs, challenge them, and replace them with more realistic and positive ones. While cognitive therapy can be used to treat other mental health disorders, such as anxiety disorders, it is most commonly associated with the treatment of depression.

Question 6

Therapy that depends on identifying and changing distorted thinking and unrealistic beliefs is ______ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on helping individuals identify and change distorted thinking patterns and unrealistic beliefs that contribute to their emotional distress. It is a present-focused and goal-oriented therapy that aims to improve the individual's ability to cope with current challenges and situations. Psychoanalytic therapy focuses on exploring unconscious thoughts and emotions, behavior therapy focuses on modifying specific behaviors, and person-centered therapy emphasizes the individual's subjective experience and personal growth.

Question 7

When someone "jumps to conclusions," Beck would say that he or she is suffering from a distortion in thought called ______________.

Accepted Answer

Beck would say that jumping to conclusions is a distortion in thought called "arbitrary inference." This is when someone comes to a conclusion without enough evidence to support it, or when one ignores evidence that contradicts their conclusion.

Question 8

A parent wishes to stop her young son from throwing temper tantrums.You suggest she use extinction and advise her to ___________.

Accepted Answer

Extinction involves removing reinforcement for a behavior, which in this case would mean ignoring the tantrums. By doing so, the parent teaches the child that temper tantrums will not result in attention and ultimately decrease the occurrence of them. Punishing the behavior (choices A and B) may only escalate it and providing reinforcement (choice C) may reinforce the tantrums rather than prevent them. Therefore, ignoring the tantrums and paying attention to the child when he is calm is the best choice.

Question 9

Your friend has applied to several medical schools.After receiving several rejection letters,she concludes that she is never going to amount to anything in life.Your friend is engaging in ___________.

Accepted Answer

Your friend is engaging in magnification, which involves exaggerating the importance or impact of a situation, leading to a distorted and overly negative view of one's abilities or future.

Question 10

Therapy that depends on identifying and changing distorted thinking and unrealistic beliefs is ______ therapy.

Accepted Answer

The therapy that involves identifying and changing distorted thinking and unrealistic beliefs is known as cognitive therapy. This therapy is based on the idea that a person's thoughts and perceptions influence their emotions and behaviors. By identifying and changing negative thinking patterns, a person can improve their emotional and behavioral functioning. Psychoanalytic therapy focuses on unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences, Behavior therapy is focused on changing specific behaviors, and person-centered therapy emphasizes empathy and self-exploration.

Question 11

Your friend has applied to several medical schools.After receiving one rejection letter,she concludes that she will not be admitted to any school and feels depressed.Your friend is engaging in ___________.

Accepted Answer

Overgeneralization is the tendency to draw sweeping conclusions based on a single incident or a very limited amount of evidence. In this scenario, the friend is drawing a broad conclusion about their entire future in medical school based on one rejection letter, which is an example of overgeneralization.

Question 12

Which of the following is one of the criticisms of behavior therapy?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy has been criticized for its limited effectiveness in treating schizophrenia. While it may alleviate some of the symptoms, it does not address the underlying disorder.

Question 13

Azdah's teenage son fails his mathematics exam due to lack of studying.She immediately assumes that it is her fault.Azdah is engaging in ___________.

Accepted Answer

Azdah is engaging in personalization by assuming that her son's failure is her fault, even though other factors such as her son's lack of studying may have contributed to it.

Question 14

____________ therapies have had considerable success in treating bedwetting,overeating,drug addictions,and phobic reactions.

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapies focus on modifying and changing specific behaviors, and have been shown to be effective in treating bedwetting, overeating, drug addictions, and phobic reactions. Psychoanalytic therapy focuses on uncovering and resolving unconscious conflicts, while biomedical therapy involves the use of medication to treat mental health disorders. Humanistic therapy emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, rather than specific behavior change.

Question 15

Allen,who has a drug addiction problem,is MOST likely to be successfully treated by ______.

Accepted Answer

A drug addiction problem is a behavioral issue, and behavior therapy focuses specifically on modifying behaviors. While psychoanalysis and Gestalt therapy may address underlying psychological factors, they are not as directly applicable or effective for substance abuse. Family therapy may be useful in supporting the individual's recovery, but it is not the primary treatment approach for drug addiction. Therefore, behavior therapy is the most appropriate choice.

Question 16

DeMario's wife,Marta,asks him if he wants some help cutting the grass and weeding the garden.He declines the offer and feels "blue" for the rest of the day because he keeps thinking,"Marta thinks I am getting older and losing my physical abilities." What type of cognitive distortion is involved here?

Accepted Answer

DeMario is making an arbitrary inference by assuming Marta's offer to help is a comment on his age and abilities without any evidence to support this conclusion.

Question 17

______________ focuses on the present and assumes that people observe the world and the people around them,make assumptions and inferences based on these observations,and then decide how to respond.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on the present and assumes that people observe the world and the people around them, make assumptions and inferences based on these observations, and then decide how to respond.

Question 18

A _________ is a method of reinforcement that uses a formal written agreement in which the goals for behavioral change,reinforcements,and penalties are clearly stated.

Accepted Answer

A contingency contract is a formal written agreement that clearly states the goals for behavioral change, reinforcements, and penalties. It is a method of reinforcement used to target specific behavior and increase motivation to engage in desired behavior. Option B, transactional analysis, is a theory of personality and communication, and is not related to reinforcement. Option C, reciprocal inhibition, is a technique used in behavior therapy to treat anxiety disorders and involves the use of relaxation techniques to counteract anxiety-provoking stimuli. Option D, token economy, involves using tokens or point systems to reinforce desirable behavior, but it does not involve a formal written agreement.

Question 19

Which technique removes a reinforcer to reduce the frequency of a behavior?

Accepted Answer

Extinction involves removing a reinforcer for a behavior, which results in a decrease in the frequency of the behavior over time. This can be an effective technique for reducing unwanted behaviors that are being maintained by reinforcement. Punishment also involves removing a reinforcer, but it involves adding something aversive to decrease the behavior, whereas extinction simply involves no longer providing a positive consequence for the behavior. Negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase the frequency of a behavior, which is the opposite of what is being asked. Systematic desensitization is a technique used for reducing anxiety and phobias, which involves gradually exposing the person to the feared stimulus while they are in a relaxed state, but it does not involve removing a reinforcer to reduce behavior.

Question 20

Which of the following is one of the cognitive distortions proposed by Aaron Beck?

Accepted Answer

Selective thinking is one of the cognitive distortions proposed by Aaron Beck. It involves focusing only on certain aspects of a situation while ignoring others. This can lead to an inaccurate perception of reality and reinforce negative thought patterns.

Quiz 15: Applied Psychology and Psychology Careers

Which of the following is an advantage of behavior therapy?

Dr.Stevenson,a therapist,states "I promote rational thinking to alleviate distressing feelings and behaviors." Dr.Stevenson is probably a ________ therapist.

Which of these clients is the most likely candidate for Aaron Beck's form of cognitive therapy?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the effectiveness of contingency contracts when used with children?

Beck's cognitive therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of ______.

Therapy that depends on identifying and changing distorted thinking and unrealistic beliefs is ______ therapy.

When someone "jumps to conclusions," Beck would say that he or she is suffering from a distortion in thought called ______________.

A parent wishes to stop her young son from throwing temper tantrums.You suggest she use extinction and advise her to ___________.

Your friend has applied to several medical schools.After receiving several rejection letters,she concludes that she is never going to amount to anything in life.Your friend is engaging in ___________.

Therapy that depends on identifying and changing distorted thinking and unrealistic beliefs is ______ therapy.

Your friend has applied to several medical schools.After receiving one rejection letter,she concludes that she will not be admitted to any school and feels depressed.Your friend is engaging in ___________.

Which of the following is one of the criticisms of behavior therapy?

Azdah's teenage son fails his mathematics exam due to lack of studying.She immediately assumes that it is her fault.Azdah is engaging in ___________.

____________ therapies have had considerable success in treating bedwetting,overeating,drug addictions,and phobic reactions.

Allen,who has a drug addiction problem,is MOST likely to be successfully treated by ______.

______________ focuses on the present and assumes that people observe the world and the people around them,make assumptions and inferences based on these observations,and then decide how to respond.

A _________ is a method of reinforcement that uses a formal written agreement in which the goals for behavioral change,reinforcements,and penalties are clearly stated.

Which technique removes a reinforcer to reduce the frequency of a behavior?

Which of the following is one of the cognitive distortions proposed by Aaron Beck?