Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly describes the rate of PTSD among combat-exposed military personnel since 2001?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the rate of PTSD among combat-exposed military personnel has tripled since 2001, likely due to the multiple deployments and prolonged exposure to combat in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Question 2

The behavioral perspective views anxiety as __________.

Accepted Answer

The behavioral perspective suggests that anxiety is a learned reaction, meaning it is acquired through experience and conditioning rather than being caused by unconscious conflicts, irrational thoughts, or neurotransmitter imbalances.

Question 3

Leo worries all of the time.He worries about his money,his children,and his dog.His muscles are always tense and sore,he has trouble sleeping,is often irritable,and has difficulty concentrating.Leo's symptoms sound most like ______.

Accepted Answer

Leo's symptoms suggest that he may be suffering from generalized anxiety disorder. This disorder is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety about a variety of different issues, which can lead to physical symptoms such as muscle tension, sleep disturbances, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. Panic disorder is characterized by sudden and unexpected panic attacks, conversion disorder involves physical symptoms with no clear medical explanation, and dissociative disorders involve disruptions to a person's sense of identity or reality.

Question 4

A disorder resulting from exposure to a major stressor,with symptoms of anxiety,nightmares,poor sleep,reliving the event,and concentration problems,lasting for more than one month,is called _________.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described in the question are characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Acute stress disorder (Choice A) is similar to PTSD but lasts for a shorter period of time, typically less than a month. External locus of control (Choice B) refers to a belief that outcomes are determined by external factors rather than personal control, and is not a disorder resulting from exposure to a major stressor. Catastrophic stress (Choice C) is not a recognized disorder, although exposure to catastrophic events can result in PTSD.

Question 5

As Carol and Ken are leaving for a trip,Carol repeatedly asks Ken,"Did we turn off the coffee pot?" For their entire trip,Carol worries about the coffee pot.Carol's doubt about turning off the coffee pot is ________.

Accepted Answer

An obsession is a persistent, unwanted thought or worry, like Carol's repeated concern about the coffee pot.

Question 6

After returning from the Iraq war,Caddell was plagued by nightmares of the attacks.In addition,he avoided anything associated with the war and was hypervigilant for danger.He has been home for nearly six months,but these symptoms continue.Caddell might have ________.

Accepted Answer

Caddell's symptoms of nightmares, avoidance, and hypervigilance for danger are all indicators of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is common among individuals who have experienced traumatic events such as war. This disorder can persist for months or even years after the trauma has occurred.

Question 7

George is suffering from an obsessive-compulsive disorder.If he tries to stop his compulsive behaviors,he is likely to experience ______.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder experience intense anxiety if they try to stop their compulsive behaviors, as these behaviors serve as a way to alleviate anxiety.

Question 8

Ali,a war veteran,has had nightmares,flashbacks,and anxiety attacks for the past three years.Ali is most likely suffering from _______________.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of nightmares, flashbacks, and anxiety attacks for an extended period of time after experiencing a traumatic event are all indicative of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Question 9

Which of the following is a symptom of acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

Persistent reliving of the event is a common symptom of both acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Answer: B 
 An obsessive need to be close to anything associated with the trauma is not a symptom of acute stress disorder or PTSD.

Answer: C 
 Decreased arousal is not a symptom of acute stress disorder or PTSD. They are characterized by increased arousal, such as hypervigilance and an exaggerated startle response.

Answer: D 
 Symptoms of a manic episode are not characteristic of either acute stress disorder or PTSD.

Question 10

Obsession is to compulsion as ________.

Accepted Answer

Obsession refers to repetitive thoughts, while compulsion refers to repetitive behaviors. Similarly, thought is to behavior in that obsessive thoughts can lead to compulsive behaviors. The other options (B, C, D) do not capture this relationship as accurately.

Question 11

During his college years,Jacob often experienced episodes of intense fear accompanied by the physical sensations of a heart attack.Jacob might have experienced a ________ disorder while in college.

Accepted Answer

Jacob's experiences match the symptoms of panic disorder, which is characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks accompanied by intense physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, sweating, and chest pain. Personality disorders involve patterns of behavior and cognition that are inflexible and maladaptive, while mood disorders involve disturbances in emotional regulation. Eating disorders involve problematic eating behaviors and attitudes.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the research on post-traumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

Research shows that women are more vulnerable to PTSD than men, but not the other way around. Additionally, option C is supported by research, and option D is also true as the symptoms of PTSD in children can differ from those in adults.

Question 13

Linda's house was flooded in a hurricane.Upon losing her home,she had nightmares,disturbed sleep,and anxiety that lasted about two weeks.Linda most likely suffered from ______________.

Accepted Answer

Acute stress disorder is a short-term condition that occurs in response to a traumatic event like Linda's house being flooded in a hurricane. Symptoms may include nightmares, disturbed sleep, and anxiety that last for up to about a month. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) typically last longer than a month, and therefore, it is less likely that Linda suffered from PTSD based on the information provided. Catastrophic stress and external locus of control are not recognized psychological conditions.

Question 14

Dr.Garcia is treating a patient who has a fear of knives.He believes his patient's fear is a kind of displacement,in which the phobic object is a symbol of whatever his patient has buried deep inside her unconscious mind.Dr.Garcia's view is consistent with that of ___________.

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic model focuses on how unconscious conflicts and emotions can lead to psychological disorders. In this case, Dr. Garcia believes that the patient's fear of knives is a symbol for deeper unconscious issues.

Question 15

Each day,while Sid is sitting at his desk at work,he continually thinks about germs.Each time this occurs,he washes his hands.Sid probably suffers from ___________.

Accepted Answer

Sid's behavior of repeatedly washing his hands after thinking about germs indicates that he may be suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This type of disorder involves persistent and unwanted thoughts or obsessions that lead to repetitive behaviors or compulsions aimed at reducing anxiety or preventing harm. Sid's obsession with germs and the compulsive behavior of washing his hands are classic symptoms of OCD.

Question 16

A disorder in which excessive anxiety and worry occur more days than not for at least six months is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry that occur more days than not for at least six months, along with physical symptoms such as restlessness, fatigue, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance. Panic disorder involves recurrent unexpected panic attacks, while obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by obsessions and compulsions that interfere with daily life, and phobic disorder involves marked and persistent fear of specific objects or situations.

Question 17

________ is a repetitive behavior or mental act that an individual feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession.

Accepted Answer

A compulsion is a repetitive behavior or mental act that an individual feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge-eating episodes followed by purging behaviors, which is not directly related to compulsions. An obsession is a persistent and intrusive thought, idea, image, or impulse that causes distress, but it is not necessarily accompanied by a compulsion. Rumination is a pattern of overthinking, dwelling, or obsessively focusing on negative thoughts or emotions.

Question 18

A disorder in which intruding thoughts that occur again and again are followed by repetitive,ritualistic behavior meant to lower the anxiety caused by the thoughts is called ____________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question matches the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OCD is characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) that cause anxiety and distress. These thoughts are often followed by repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) that are aimed at reducing the anxiety caused by the obsessions. Examples of OCD rituals include excessive hand-washing, counting, and checking behaviors.

Question 19

The psychodynamic model views anxiety as __________.

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic model suggests that anxiety is a danger signal that repressed conflicts are threatening to surface. This stems from unresolved conflicts and unconscious thoughts or emotions that are seeping through into consciousness.

Question 20

Intruding thoughts that occur again and again are called _________.Repetitive,ritualistic behaviors are called ________.

Accepted Answer

Intruding thoughts that occur again and again are called obsessions, while repetitive, ritualistic behaviors are called compulsions.

Quiz 14: Statistics in Psychology