Question 1

Theory X and Theory Y was formulated by:

Accepted Answer

Theory X and Theory Y was formulated by Douglas McGregor, a management theorist and professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management in the 1960s.

Question 2

Dictatorships,communism,or theocracy are forms of:

Accepted Answer

Dictatorships, communism, and theocracy are all examples of centralized rule, where power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or a single leader. Monarchy can also be a form of centralized rule, but it is not necessarily authoritarian like the other forms listed. Anarchy and rule by the people are the opposite of centralized rule, and egalitarian rule is a concept rather than a specific form of government.

Question 3

If you are working with people from an)_____ culture,you may need to take extra care to elicit feedback and involve them in the discussion because their cultural framework may preclude their participation.

Accepted Answer

High-power distance cultures have a tendency to respect authority and hierarchy, which can sometimes make it difficult for lower-ranked individuals to provide feedback or contribute to discussions. It is important to be aware of this cultural difference and take extra steps to involve everyone in the conversation.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true regarding masculine and feminine orientation?

Accepted Answer

According to Hofstede's cultural dimensions, the masculine-feminine orientation refers to values such as assertiveness, competition, and achievement (masculine) vs. caring, nurturing, and quality of life (feminine). However, it does not refer to which gender holds power in a given culture (option A). The modest and caring poles refer to the cultural dimensions of restraint vs. indulgence (option B), which are different from the gender orientation dimension. In masculine cultures, it is typically men who are more assertive and competitive than women (option D). However, option E describes a culture that values both self-promotion and caring for society's weaker members, which fits well with the feminine dimension. Option C is the only statement that accurately describes the cultural orientation of the United States as placing a high value on assertiveness and competition.

Question 5

In these cultures,business conversations may start with discussions of the weather,or family,or topics other than business as the partners gain a sense of each other,long before the topic of business is raised.

Accepted Answer

In indirect cultures, it is common to engage in small talk and build a rapport before discussing business matters. This helps to establish trust and positive relationships between business partners.

Question 6

The United States and Japan are often noted as _____cultures,while many Scandinavian nations feature cultures that place more emphasis on _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The United States and Japan are often...

Question 7

Which of the following is not true regarding Theory Y?

Accepted Answer

Theory Y suggests that employees are capable of self-motivation and can work collaboratively. Therefore, option D, which suggests that collaboration is rare among employees, is not true regarding Theory Y.

Question 8

In low-power distance cultures:

Accepted Answer

Low-power distance cultures emphasize equality and collaboration among members, rather than a hierarchical structure. Therefore, people in such cultures are more likely to relate to each other as equals, without significant status differences.

Question 9

_____ are often framed in terms of how people are governed,and the extent to which they may participate.

Accepted Answer

Political systems are specifically concerned with the organization and governance of a society. They determine how power is distributed, who makes decisions, and the extent to which citizens can participate in the political process. Legal systems, economic systems, ethical systems, and technical systems may also have an impact on governance and participation, but they do not focus solely on these issues in the same way that political systems do.

Question 10

In this type of political system local warlords,elders,and others exercise a certain amount of political,military,and economic power.

Accepted Answer

Anarchy is the only option that fits the description given, as it is a state of disorder and absence of government or authority. Local warlords and elders would therefore be able to exercise power in such a system. Monarchy, democracy, communism, and totalitarianism all involve some form of centralized government and authority, making them incompatible with the given description.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding common law?

Accepted Answer

Common law relies heavily on judicial interpretation, which can lead to conflicts and multiple interpretations of the law. It does not require new rules to be written out, and is not necessarily more predictable or practiced in a majority of countries. It does not draw from a Roman history, but rather has roots in English legal tradition. Option A is incorrect because common law is not spelled out in detail, but rather is based on precedent and judicial interpretation.

Question 12

A political state in which there is no government is known as an):

Accepted Answer

Anarchy is a political state in which there is an absence of government or authority. It is a state of disorder due to the absence or non-recognition of authority. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 13

An)_____ is a government ruled by God and his or her designees.

Accepted Answer

A theocracy is a form of government where God or a deity is recognized as the supreme ruling authority, and their designated representatives govern in their name. Examples of contemporary theocracies include Iran and Vatican City.

Question 14

Members of _____ cultures place emphasis on external goods and services as a representation of self,power,and social rank.

Accepted Answer

Materialistic cultures place value on external goods and services as a representation of self, power, and social rank. Indirect cultures are characterized by subtle communication, collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony, explicit-rule cultures rely on explicit guidelines and rules, and long-term orientation cultures prioritize future rewards and persistence. None of these are directly related to placing emphasis on external goods and services.

Question 15

An economy with relatively little government oversight may:

Accepted Answer

An economy with relatively little government oversight is also called a free market economy or laissez-faire economy. In such an economy, the market forces of supply and demand play a dominant role in determining prices and allocating resources. Therefore, the economy is said to reflect more of the markets, rather than government intervention. This means that businesses have relatively more freedom to operate, innovate and compete.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true regarding civil law?

Accepted Answer

Civil law involves detailed rules that are spelled out and judges are responsible for applying the law to the given case.

Question 17

Theory X asserts that:

Accepted Answer

Theory X assumes that workers have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it if they can. This view suggests that workers require strict supervision to ensure that they meet organizational goals, and that they lack ambition and motivation. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethical systems?

Accepted Answer

Ethics refers to a set of norms and principles that guide individual and group behavior. It is not institutionalized and can be implicit or explicit. What is legal and what is ethical may overlap, but they are not necessarily the same thing. Ethical systems can have a significant impact on interactions, trade, and commerce.

Question 19

A Theory X manager:

Accepted Answer

A Theory X manager believes that employees are inherently lazy and need to be tightly controlled and motivated through punishment and rewards. Therefore, this type of manager would rely heavily on control and incentive programs to keep employees in line and productive.

Question 20

_____ is one form of government that promotes the involvement of the individual.

Accepted Answer

Democracy is a form of government that promotes the involvement of the individual by allowing citizens to participate in the decision-making process through voting and other forms of civic engagement. This system places value on individual rights and freedoms, giving people a say in how their government operates.

Quiz 18: Intercultural and International Business Communication