Question 1

Which term refers to the incidence of death in a country's population?
A)mortality
B)morbidity
C)the crude death rate
D)the infant mortality rate

Accepted Answer

Mortality refers to the incidence of death in a population, whereas morbidity refers to the incidence of illness or disease in a population. The crude death rate is a measure of mortality that calculates the number of deaths in a population per 1,000 people, while the infant mortality rate specifically measures the number of deaths among infants under one year old per 1,000 live births.

Question 2

Over the course of the twentieth century, global population
A)stayed about the same.
B)doubled.
C)tripled.
D)quadrupled.

Accepted Answer

At the beginning of the 20th century, the global population was approximately 1.6 billion. By the end of the century, it had grown to about 6 billion, effectively quadrupling.

Question 3

For any country, as the number of women with access to contraception goes up, a woman's average number of children
A)stays the same.
B)goes up.
C)goes down.
D)cannot be predicted.

Accepted Answer

When women have access to contraception, they can choose if and when to have children. This allows them to have greater control over their reproductive choices and to space out births if they so choose. As a result, in countries where access to contraception is widely available, the average number of children per woman tends to go down.

Question 4

A sharp increase in global population began about the time of
A)the Agricultural Revolution.
B)the Industrial Revolution.
C)World War I.
D)the Information Revolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A sharp increase in global population began...

Question 5

Subtracting a nation's crude death rate from its crude birth rate yields what?
A)rate of natural expansion
B)national expansion index
C)natural growth rate
D)refined demographic index

Accepted Answer

Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate gives the natural growth rate, which is the rate at which the population is increasing without considering immigration or emigration. Therefore, the correct choice is C) natural growth rate.

Question 6

There are many reasons that population increase has slowed in high-income nations. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A)increased mortality rates
B)more families have both partners in the labor force
C)a trend toward later marriage
D)more widespread use of contraceptives

Accepted Answer

Increased mortality rates would actually lead to a decrease in population rather than a slowing of population growth. The other three choices listed (B, C, and D) are all factors that have contributed to a slowing of population growth in high-income nations.

Question 7

The series of numbers 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and so on reflect
A)a geometric progression.
B)an arithmetic progression.
C)a binary sequence.
D)a binomial distribution.

Accepted Answer

The sequence is formed by multiplying each term by 2, which is a consistent ratio. Therefore, it is a geometric progression.

Question 8

Which term refers to the level of reproduction that maintains population at a steady state?
A)inert fertility
B)zero fertility rate
C)zero population growth
D)demographic balance

Accepted Answer

Zero population growth refers to the level of reproduction that maintains population at a steady state, meaning that the birth rate is equal to the death rate, resulting in no net increase or decrease in the population over time. Option A (inert fertility) is not a correct term, and options B (zero fertility rate) and D (demographic balance) do not fully encompass the concept of population stability.

Question 9

Which term refers to the study of human population?
A)demography
B)popology
C)human ecology
D)ethnology

Accepted Answer

The study of human population is known as demography.

Question 10

The United Nations projects that global population in the year 2050 will be
A)9.6 billion.
B)11 billion.
C)13.6 billion.
D)greater than 15 billion.

Accepted Answer

The United Nations projects that the global population will reach approximately 9.6 billion by the year 2050.

Question 11

Who was the English economist, clergyman, and pioneer demographer who predicted in 1798 that population would increase geometrically, but food production would increase arithmetically?
A)Herbert Spencer
B)Charles Horton Cooley
C)Thomas Robert Malthus
D)Robert Michels

Accepted Answer

Thomas Robert Malthus

Question 12

Worldwide, what share of global population increase is taking place in the low-income nations of the Southern Hemisphere?
A)none
B)less than half
C)slightly more than half
D)almost all

Accepted Answer

According to United Nations estimates, almost all global population growth is taking place in the low-income nations of the Southern Hemisphere, with nine out of ten new people being born in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

Question 13

Malthus predicted that food production would increase
A) arithmetically.
B)geometrically.
C) little if at all.
D) to produce more than humanity could consume.

Accepted Answer

Malthus predicted that food production would increase arithmetically (i.e., by adding a constant amount each period), while he believed population would grow geometrically (exponentially), leading to a potential crisis due to the imbalance between food supply and population growth.

Question 14

Global population reached 1 billion about the year
A)1950.
B)1900.
C)1850.
D)1800.

Accepted Answer

The global population reached 1 billion around the year 1800, marking a significant milestone in human history. This was due to advancements in agriculture, health, and technology that began during the Industrial Revolution.

Question 15

High-income nations such as the United States grow
A)as much from immigration as from natural increase.
B)almost entirely from immigration.
C)almost entirely from natural increase.
D)by means of demographic transition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of High-income nations such as the United States...

Question 16

Nafis Sadik, who heads the United Nations' efforts at population control, explains: "Give a woman more choices about how to live and she will
A)choose marriage."
B)stay single."
C)have fewer children."
D)have more children."

Accepted Answer

According to Nafis Sadik, providing women with more options can lead to them having fewer children through accessing family planning methods and opportunities for education and employment.

Question 17

Which rate results from dividing the number of deaths of children under one year of age by the number of live births during the same year, then multiplying the result by 1,000?
A)infant mortality rate
B)crude infant death rate
C)crib death rate
D)abortion rate

Accepted Answer

The rate described in the question is the definition of the infant mortality rate. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. The crude infant death rate refers to the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. The crib death rate refers specifically to deaths of infants in their sleep. The abortion rate refers to the number of induced abortions per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years.

Question 18

In 2013, the human population of the planet was
A)20 billion.
B)14.2 billion.
C)7.2 billion.
D)10 billion.

Accepted Answer

According to the United Nations, the human population of the world was estimated to be 7.2 billion as of 2013.

Question 19

Which term refers to the incidence of childbearing in a country's population?
A)fecundity
B)fertility
C)reproduction
D)demography

Accepted Answer

Fertility refers to the actual incidence of childbearing in a population. Fecundity refers to the potential ability to reproduce, while reproduction is a general term that can refer to any type of reproductive activity. Demography is the study of population, including fertility rates but also includes other factors such as mortality and migration.

Question 20

What is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a year by the society's total population, and then multiplying the result by 1,000?
A)refined fertility rate
B)crude birth rate
C)population-growth rate
D)childbearing rate

Accepted Answer

Crude birth rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a year by the society's total population, and then multiplying the result by 1,000. This gives a rough estimate of the number of births per 1,000 people in the population.

Quiz 15: Population and Global Inequality

Which term refers to the incidence of death in a country's population?

Over the course of the twentieth century, global population

For any country, as the number of women with access to contraception goes up, a woman's average number of children

A sharp increase in global population began about the time of

Subtracting a nation's crude death rate from its crude birth rate yields what?

There are many reasons that population increase has slowed in high-income nations. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

The series of numbers 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and so on reflect

Which term refers to the level of reproduction that maintains population at a steady state?

Which term refers to the study of human population?

The United Nations projects that global population in the year 2050 will be

Who was the English economist, clergyman, and pioneer demographer who predicted in 1798 that population would increase geometrically, but food production would increase arithmetically?

Worldwide, what share of global population increase is taking place in the low-income nations of the Southern Hemisphere?

Malthus predicted that food production would increase

Global population reached 1 billion about the year

High-income nations such as the United States grow

Nafis Sadik, who heads the United Nations' efforts at population control, explains: "Give a woman more choices about how to live and she will

Which rate results from dividing the number of deaths of children under one year of age by the number of live births during the same year, then multiplying the result by 1,000?

In 2013, the human population of the planet was

Which term refers to the incidence of childbearing in a country's population?

What is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a year by the society's total population, and then multiplying the result by 1,000?