Question 1

The fertility rates-the number of children per woman's lifetime-in many DVC (developing countries) are:

Accepted Answer

The fertility rates in many developing countries are declining. This can be attributed to various factors like better access to education and contraceptives, improving healthcare facilities, and increased awareness about family planning.

Question 2

Over the next 15 years, what percentage of the world population increase will come from DVCs?

Accepted Answer

Developing countries (DVCs) are expected to contribute significantly to global population growth due to higher birth rates and younger populations compared to developed countries.

Question 3

Based on population and economic development trends, the world population is expected to ____ in the last part of this century.

Accepted Answer

According to population and economic development trends, the world population growth rate is slowing down and is expected to stabilize by the end of this century. Some countries are already facing declining populations, and this trend is expected to continue in the future due to factors like urbanization, access to education and family planning, and changes in social norms. Therefore, the best choice is D (Decline).

Question 4

Income gains in the poorest DVCs may increase population growth initially, at least for a while, due to the following reasons, except:

Accepted Answer

Decreasing life expectancy would not contribute to an increase in population growth, but would rather have the opposite effect. The other three options (declining death rates, increasing birth rates, and reduced infant mortality) could all contribute to an initial increase in population growth as income gains in the poorest DVCs lead to improved living conditions and healthcare.

Question 5

The average annual rate of population increase in the Philippines from 2000 to 2010 was about 2 percent. Based on this rate of growth, the population of the Philippines will double in about:

Accepted Answer

The Rule of 70 is used to estimate the doubling time of a population. It states that you divide 70 by the annual growth rate. For a 2% growth rate, 70 / 2 = 35 years.

Question 6

One common measure of the "standard of living" in a nation is:

Accepted Answer

Per capita real income is the best choice for measuring the standard of living in a nation. It takes into account the average income of individuals in a country, adjusted for inflation, which gives a more accurate representation of the purchasing power of their income. Unemployment rate, real GDP, and population size are important indicators, but they do not provide a comprehensive assessment of the overall standard of living of citizens.

Question 7

Human resources in the poorest DVCs have the following characteristics, except:

Accepted Answer

The statement is talking about the poorest DVCs which means that low population growth is not a common characteristic among them. In fact, many of these countries may have high population growth rates due to factors such as a lack of family planning and inadequate education on contraception. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 8

The traditional view regarding population and growth in DVCs is that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The traditional view regarding population and growth...

Question 9

Birth- and population-control efforts in many DVCs (developing countries) face the following obstacles, except:

Accepted Answer

The statement mentions that birth- and population-control efforts face obstacles in many developing countries, and then lists three specific obstacles: low literacy rates, religious reasons, and the peasant agriculture view about children. The statement does not mention government authorities as an obstacle, so D is the correct answer.

Question 10

Assume that the real output of a developing nation increases from $120 billion to $140 billion while its population expands from 100 to 110 million. As a result, real income per capita has increased by about:

Accepted Answer

Real income per capita is calculated by dividing real output (GDP) by the population.

Initial real income per capita = $120 billion/100 million = $1,200 per person

Final real income per capita = $140 billion/110 million = $1,272.73 per person

The difference between initial and final real income per capita is $1,272.73 - $1,200 = $72.73

Therefore, the best answer is C, $72 per person.

Question 11

Assume the total real output of a developing country increases from $8 billion to $8.2 billion while its population expands from 14 to 15 million people from one year to the next. Over the year, per capita income has:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Assume the total real output of a...

Question 12

What factor contributes to the weak economic growth in DVCs?

Accepted Answer

A decrease in the prices of DVC natural resources would lead to a decrease in export revenue and government revenue, which can hinder economic growth in DVCs. A decrease in international debts or an increase in labor productivity or rate of saving can potentially support economic growth, but these factors alone may not be enough to overcome the impact of declining natural resource prices.

Question 13

The demographic transition view of population and growth in DVCs is that:

Accepted Answer

The demographic transition theory suggests that as a country develops economically, higher per capita incomes lead to reduced birth rates. This is because economic development typically results in better access to education and healthcare, which in turn influences family planning and reduces birth rates.

Question 14

Development economists suggest that the best strategy for the poorest DVCs to break out of their poverty is to implement policies that boost their:

Accepted Answer

Development economists suggest that the best strategy for the poorest DVCs is to implement policies that boost their output and slow down their population growth. This can be achieved through policies that promote education, health, and family planning, which can lead to a reduction in fertility rates and an increase in productivity. By slowing down population growth, DVCs can improve their labor productivity, boost their savings rate, and increase their output, which can lead to economic growth and poverty reduction.

Question 15

One major path that leads to growth in both developing nations (DVCs) as well industrially advanced nations (IACs) is that productive resources must be:

Accepted Answer

In order to achieve growth in both developing and industrially advanced nations, productive resources must be used more efficiently. This means that businesses and industries must find ways to maximize their output with their available resources, which can lead to increased productivity and economic growth. Simply increasing resources without improving their efficiency may not necessarily lead to growth and development, as wasteful practices and inefficiencies can still persist. Therefore, using resources more efficiently is a crucial factor in achieving sustainable long-term growth.

Question 16

Population expansion can impede economic development for the following reasons, except:

Accepted Answer

A larger supply of labor can potentially benefit economic development by providing more human resources for production and innovation, unlike the other options which typically hinder economic growth.

Question 17

A study concludes that in DVCs rising incomes must first be achieved and only then will there be slower population growth. What view of DVC population growth would it be supporting?

Accepted Answer

The view that rising incomes lead to slower population growth is a key assumption of the demographic transition view of population growth in DVCs. This theory suggests that as societies industrialize and incomes rise, fertility rates decline, leading to slower population growth.

Question 18

A developing nation may not experience an increase in the average standard of living even if it increases its output of goods and services because of:

Accepted Answer

If population growth outpaces the increase in output, the average standard of living may not improve because the additional output is spread over a larger population, keeping per capita income stagnant or even reducing it.

Question 19

Which of the following factors contributes most to the high per-capita incomes in developed nations?

Accepted Answer

High rates of economic growth are the most significant factor contributing to the high per-capita incomes in developed nations. This growth is achieved through efficient resource allocation, innovative technology, and high levels of productivity. High rates of population growth (A) can lead to less per-capita income, as resources are spread more thinly among a larger population, and low rates of investment (C) and saving (D) can impede economic growth and limit opportunities for long-term prosperity.

Question 20

One essential factor for economic growth is:

Accepted Answer

Using existing resources more efficiently can lead to increased productivity and subsequently economic growth. This can be achieved through better technology, improved infrastructure, streamlined processes and effective resource allocation. The other choices - A, B and D, are not necessarily essential factors for economic growth and may have limited impact on overall economic development.

Quiz 22: The Economics of Developing Countries