Why did the possibility of a federation of Italian states under the presidency of a progressive pope disappear after the revolutions of 1848?
A) Pius IX sought to remove the Catholic Church entirely from the political arena and to take a position of complete neutrality regarding modern political trends.
B) The cautious support for unification that Pius IX had offered before 1848 turned into hostility after he was temporarily driven from Rome during the revolutions of 1848.
C) The College of Cardinals vetoed the idea of the pope assuming the position of president of a federation of Italian states as unworthy of the dignity of the papacy.
D) The rulers of several Italian states wanted the position of president themselves and blocked any possibility of offering Pius IX the position.
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