Question 1

The natural history model presented in your text represents the process through which
A)a typical social problems campaign moves.
B)a successful social problems campaign goes.
C)less successful social problems campaigns move.
D)the media attempt to force social problems campaigns to move.

Accepted Answer

The natural history model presented in the text represents the process through which a successful social problems campaign goes.

Question 2

In order for diffusion of social problems construction to occur,the cultures involved must agree
A)that the condition exists.
B)to cooperate in an effort to solve the problem.
C)that the condition is acceptable.
D)that the problem is the same in both locations.

Accepted Answer

In order for diffusion of social problems construction to occur, the cultures involved must agree that the condition exists.

Question 3

The __________ of a society influences its susceptibility to diffusion.
A)culture
B)economy
C)wealth
D)heterogeneity

Accepted Answer

Culture refers to the beliefs, values, practices, and social behaviors shared by members of a society. These elements of culture influence the way people think, communicate, and interact with one another. When a society has a strong and well-defined culture, it may be more resistant to adopting new ideas and practices from other cultures. On the other hand, a society with a more fluid or open culture may be more receptive to diffusion from other societies.

Question 4

When it comes to making claims about immigration,the French media tend to emphasize __________ while the U.S.media tend to emphasize __________.
A)economic issues;cultural issues
B)economic issues;political issues
C)political issues;international issues
D)cultural issues;economic issues

Accepted Answer

The answer of When it comes to making claims about...

Question 5

Interpersonal connections through which diffusion can occur are called
A)personal channels.
B)relational channels.
C)unobtrusive channels.
D)nonrelational channels.

Accepted Answer

Relational channels refer to interpersonal connections that facilitate the diffusion of information, ideas, or innovations among individuals.

Question 6

The proliferation of claims,and the arenas in which to promote them,has made getting attention for a particular claim
A)easier in terms of reaching segmented audiences.
B)harder in terms of getting the attention of the whole society.
C)harder in terms of keeping the attention of the wider society.
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that there are more claims being made and more platforms to promote those claims, which could make it easier to reach segmented audiences (option A). However, with so many claims competing for attention, it could be harder to get the attention of the wider society as a whole (option B). Additionally, even if a claim does manage to get attention, it may be difficult to maintain that attention in the face of so many other claims (option C). Therefore, it seems that all of these options are possible outcomes of the proliferation of claims and arenas for promotion.

Question 7

Transmitters are typically __________ in the diffusion process.
A)both active and passive
B)disillusioned
C)active
D)compensated

Accepted Answer

Transmitters in the diffusion process can be both active and passive, depending on the context and mechanism of diffusion. Active diffusion involves energy expenditure to move substances across membranes, while passive diffusion does not require energy.

Question 8

__________ is/are a process that,like cycles of concern,produces chains of linked social problems claims.
A)Incrementalism
B)Slotting
C)Countering
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed - Incrementalism, Slotting, and Countering - can be processes that produce chains of linked social problems claims, similar to cycles of concern. Each process contributes to the evolution and linking of social issues in public discourse.

Question 9

Theorization encourages diffusion because it
A)makes the issues seem more intellectual.
B)makes ideas applicable across more settings.
C)links specific examples in one culture to specific examples in another.
D)gains media attention.

Accepted Answer

Theorization involves developing general ideas and principles that can be applied across different settings and contexts, which encourages diffusion of the ideas to wider audiences.

Question 10

Claimsmakers tend to __________ the history of the social condition with which they are concerned.
A)emphasize
B)alter
C)deemphasize
D)misunderstand

Accepted Answer

The answer of Claimsmakers tend to __________ the history of...

Question 11

It is argued in your text that certain problems continually appear and then fade in waves of concern because
A)there are objective peaks and recessions in the extent to which a problem is presented.
B)high-profile incidents draw public attention to the problem,thereby reviving concerns.
C)certain constructions are simply a good match with a particular culture and become ongoing concerns.
D)people fail to understand the problem and periodically lose interest in it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is argued in your text that...

Question 12

Claimsmaking that utilizes dire predictions about the future is typically
A)ineffective because the public has heard so many such claims that they no longer cause alarm.
B)effective because it makes producing counterclaims difficult.
C)ineffective because the media does not like to report on such claims.
D)effective because politicians benefit from being able to claim they are working to save people from an especially threatening condition.

Accepted Answer

Dire predictions about the future are usually effective in claimsmaking because they create a sense of urgency and fear among the public. Politicians can benefit from such claims as they appear as strong leaders who are taking steps to protect their constituents from a threatening condition. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of these claims can also depend on how credible the sources making the claims are and how well the claims are supported by evidence.

Question 13

Cynthia Bogard's research on constructions of homelessness in two cities found that the homeless were typified as __________ in New York and __________ in Washington,DC.
A)a threat to public order;rational people
B)rational people;lazy
C)lazy;victims of poor educational systems
D)victims of poor educational systems;a threat to public order

Accepted Answer

Bogard's research found that the homeless were seen as a threat to public order in New York and as rational people in Washington, DC.

Question 14

The people who promote innovations as part of the process of transmission are called
A)adopters.
B)transmitters.
C)innovators.
D)entrepreneurs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The people who promote innovations as part...

Question 15

When comparing social problems processes,researchers typically compare cases
A)at every stage in the process.
B)at the stage of problem definition.
C)in terms of the media coverage they receive.
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

Researchers typically compare cases at every stage in the process, including the stage of problem definition and in terms of the media coverage they receive, to understand the dynamics and differences in how social problems are perceived and addressed.

Question 16

When large social problems such as plagues or wars are resolved,
A)society is typically primed for a period in which people are fairly immune to claimsmaking.
B)problems that previously seemed small can now get attention.
C)claimsmakers must work hard to identify new troubling conditions.
D)many policymakers are reluctant to discuss social problems.

Accepted Answer

Once a large social problem is resolved, attention can shift to other issues that may have previously been overlooked or seemed insignificant in comparison. This can create an opportunity for claimsmakers to bring attention to new social problems.

Question 17

In comparison to the United States,France has constructed sexual harassment more
A)broadly.
B)narrowly.
C)methodically.
D)slowly.

Accepted Answer

France has defined sexual harassment more narrowly compared to the United States. In France, sexual harassment is defined as "repeated acts" or "persuasion, pressure or threats" with the objective or effect of "violating the dignity of a person" and creating "an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive situation." This definition is more precise and limited compared to the United States' broader definition which includes any unwelcome sexual advances or conduct.

Question 18

It is argued in your text that one of the most important lessons from comparing social problems processes is that
A)people tend to do the same things over and over out of habit.
B)there are clear formulas for successful social problem construction.
C)our understandings of social problems are grounded in the choices people make about what to highlight and what to leave out.
D)the media play a substantial role in constructing problems.

Accepted Answer

When comparing different social problems processes, it becomes clear that our understanding and construction of social problems are based on the choices we make about which aspects to highlight and which to ignore. This highlights the subjective nature of social problems and the importance of understanding the social and cultural context in which they arise.

Question 19

By invoking perfectibility as a standard,claimsmakers can
A)continue to argue that a situation is troubling even as it improves.
B)avoid having to address counterarguments.
C)make a case for abandoning the current frame in favor of a more optimistic one.
D)avoid incrementalism.

Accepted Answer

By invoking perfectibility as a standard, claimsmakers can continue to argue that a situation is troubling even as it improves. They can argue that there is always room for improvement and that the situation is not yet perfect, despite any progress that has been made. This allows them to continue advocating for change and pushing for further reforms.

Question 20

When sociologists study the construction of social problems,they most often focus on
A)comparing how problems are constructed at different times.
B)comparing how problems are constructed in different places.
C)case studies of one particular problem construction.
D)comparisons of different constructions of the same problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When sociologists study the construction of social...

Quiz 10: Claims Across Space and Time

The natural history model presented in your text represents the process through which

In order for diffusion of social problems construction to occur,the cultures involved must agree

The __________ of a society influences its susceptibility to diffusion.

When it comes to making claims about immigration,the French media tend to emphasize while the U.S.media tend to emphasize .

Interpersonal connections through which diffusion can occur are called

The proliferation of claims,and the arenas in which to promote them,has made getting attention for a particular claim

Transmitters are typically __________ in the diffusion process.

__________ is/are a process that,like cycles of concern,produces chains of linked social problems claims.

Theorization encourages diffusion because it

Claimsmakers tend to __________ the history of the social condition with which they are concerned.

It is argued in your text that certain problems continually appear and then fade in waves of concern because

Claimsmaking that utilizes dire predictions about the future is typically

Cynthia Bogard's research on constructions of homelessness in two cities found that the homeless were typified as in New York and in Washington,DC.

The people who promote innovations as part of the process of transmission are called

When comparing social problems processes,researchers typically compare cases

When large social problems such as plagues or wars are resolved,

In comparison to the United States,France has constructed sexual harassment more

It is argued in your text that one of the most important lessons from comparing social problems processes is that

By invoking perfectibility as a standard,claimsmakers can

When sociologists study the construction of social problems,they most often focus on