Question 1

An organizational view of development implies a(n)_____________ process.

Accepted Answer

An organizational view of development implies a dynamic process because it involves ongoing changes and adaptations to the organization's structure, strategy, processes, and culture in response to internal and external factors. An organizational view sees development as a continuous process of improvement, innovation, and learning, rather than a one-time event. Therefore, it requires a flexible and adaptable approach to manage change and uncertainty.

Question 2

Brain maturity occurs in a(n)_____________ fashion.

Accepted Answer

Brain maturity occurs in an organized and hierarchical fashion, meaning that neural networks in the brain develop in a specific order and sequence, with simpler functions developing before more complex ones. This process begins in the prenatal stage and continues through adolescence and beyond.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about neural development is true?

Accepted Answer

Brain regions which govern basic sensorimotor skills undergo the most dramatic changes within the first 3 years of life.

Question 4

Children's development occurs in a(n)____________ manner.

Accepted Answer

Children's development occurs in an organized and hierarchical manner, meaning there is a certain order and structure to how different skills and abilities develop over time. For example, before a child can master complex language skills, they must first develop basic language understanding and use simple phrases. This order and structure is also reflected in the typical milestones that children reach at certain ages.

Question 5

The single theoretical orientation which can explain various behaviors or disorders in childhood is the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

No single theoretical orientation can comprehensively explain all behaviors or disorders in childhood; multiple perspectives are often needed for a complete understanding.

Question 6

A child's problems must be considered in relation to the influence of the:

Accepted Answer

A child's problems cannot be considered in isolation; they must be viewed in relation to the factors that influence the child's development and well-being. These factors include the child's individual characteristics, family dynamics, and the broader community and cultural context in which the child lives. Therefore, all three options (individual, family, community/culture) are essential in understanding and addressing a child's problems.

Question 7

Most often,adaptational failure is due to:

Accepted Answer

Adaptational failure is typically the result of an ongoing interaction between an individual's developmental trajectory and the environmental conditions they encounter. It is rarely solely due to a single cause or poor relationships, nor is it always caused by poor environmental opportunities.

Question 8

A central tenet of developmental psychopathology is that to understand maladaptive behavior it is necessary to consider:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A central tenet of developmental psychopathology is...

Question 9

Which of the following statements about neural development is false?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false because the connections in the brain are not completely predetermined and can be influenced by the environment. This is why experiences and learning can change the brain's structure and function.

Question 10

Children's early caretaking experiences play an important role in designing parts of the brain that involve:

Accepted Answer

Children's early caretaking experiences have the greatest impact on the development of the emotional, personality, and behavioral parts of the brain. While early experiences can also impact other areas of the brain, such as fine motor skills and problem-solving skills, these typically have less influence than emotional and behavioral development.

Question 11

The developmental psychopathology approach to studying childhood disorders emphasizes the importance of:

Accepted Answer

The developmental psychopathology approach focuses on the developmental processes and tasks that children are expected to achieve at different stages of their development. This approach recognizes the importance of understanding age-appropriate developmental milestones and disruptions that may occur along the way. It does not necessarily focus on regressions or obstacles, but rather on the broader developmental context in which disorders may arise.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an underlying assumption regarding abnormal child behavior?

Accepted Answer

All of the given choices are underlying assumptions regarding abnormal child behavior.

Question 13

Because development is ____________,sensitive periods play a meaningful role in any discussion of normal and abnormal behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because development is ____________,sensitive periods play a...

Question 14

Windows of time during which environmental influences on development are enhanced are called:

Accepted Answer

Sensitive periods are windows of time during which environmental influences on development are enhanced, meaning that during this period, the brain is more receptive and responsive to specific types of stimuli or experiences. Sensitive periods can vary in duration, and they may not have a specific endpoint or cutoff, unlike critical periods.

Question 15

Isabella is three years old and she frequently demands attention,overreacts,and refuses bedtime.These behaviors are considered:

Accepted Answer

These behaviors are common for a three-year-old child as they are in a stage of development where they are exploring boundaries and testing their independence. It is normal for them to seek attention, overreact, and resist going to bed. It is important for parents and caregivers to provide a safe and nurturing environment and set age-appropriate limits and routines to guide the child's behavior. However, if these behaviors persist or become more extreme, it may be worth seeking professional evaluation to rule out any underlying clinical disorders.

Question 16

Etiology refers to the ___________ of childhood disorders.

Accepted Answer

Etiology refers to the causation or underlying causes of childhood disorders.

Question 17

The failure to master or progress in accomplishing developmental milestones is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Adaptational failure refers to the inability to achieve developmental milestones, which can have negative consequences on future development. Option B, developmental disintegration, is not a commonly used term in developmental psychology. Option C, discontinuity, refers to changes in development that occur abruptly rather than gradually, and is not particularly relevant to the question. Option D, dysregulation, refers to difficulties in self-regulation and emotion regulation, and while it may be associated with developmental delays, it does not specifically refer to failure to achieve developmental milestones.

Question 18

The dynamic interaction of child and environment is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The dynamic interaction between a child and their environment is known as transaction. This involves a reciprocal relationship between the two, where both the child and their environment influence and shape one another in an ongoing and dynamic way. This concept is central to many theories of child development and emphasizes the importance of considering both inner and outer factors that contribute to a child's growth and development.

Question 19

Victor is fearful of approaching new situations and often appears inhibited.Victor's mother reported that she struggles with similar difficulties.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Since Victor's mother also experiences similar difficulties, this suggests that there may be a biological component to their behavior, such as a genetic predisposition or a shared neurotransmitter imbalance. Emotional, cognitive, and behavioral factors are certainly important, but the fact that both Victor and his mother exhibit similar tendencies points more strongly towards a biological influence.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about genetics is false?

Accepted Answer

While genes may influence behavior, they do not entirely determine it. Environmental factors and personal experiences also play a role in shaping behavior.

Quiz 2: Theories and Causes

An organizational view of development implies a(n) _____________ process.

Brain maturity occurs in a(n) _____________ fashion.