The testing effect is most likely clearly related to this general memory framework:

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The testing effect, which refers to the enhanced memory performance resulting from being tested on material versus merely studying it, is most closely related to transfer-appropriate processing. This framework suggests that memory performance is improved when the cognitive processes engaged during encoding match those required at retrieval, as is the case with practice tests mirroring the process of actual testing.

The Testing Effect Is Most Likely Clearly Related to This