Question 1

How many times will the following loop print hello? i = 1;
While (i <= 10) {
Cout << "hello";
}
A) 0.
B) 9.
C) 10.
D) An infinite number of times.

Accepted Answer

The loop lacks an increment statement for the variable i, meaning i will always be 1 and the condition i <= 10 will always be true, causing an infinite loop.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of pseudocode?
A) It is executed by the computer.
B) It helps the programmer "think out" a program.
C) It includes declarations and all types of statements.
D) All of the above are false.

Accepted Answer

Pseudocode is a high-level description of a program that helps the programmer design and plan the logic of the program. It is not executed by the computer and does not require declarations or specific syntax.

Question 3

In an activity diagram for an algorithm, what does a solid circle surrounded by a hollow circle represent?
A) Initial state.
B) Final state.
C) Action state.
D) Transition.

Accepted Answer

A solid circle surrounded by a hollow circle is commonly used to represent the final state in an activity diagram. It indicates the end of the process or algorithm being modeled.

Question 4

Which of the following encompasses the other three?
A) Sequence structure.
B) Repetition structure.
C) Control structure.
D) Selection structure.

Accepted Answer

Control structure refers to the way in which a program's execution can be controlled or directed through various types of programming constructs. It encompasses sequence structure, which simply involves the sequential execution of statements in a program, as well as repetition structure (loops) and selection structure (conditional statements). Therefore, control structure encompasses all three of these structures.

Question 5

Specifying the order in which statements are to be executed in a computer program is called:
A) An algorithm.
B) Transfer of control.
C) Program control.
D) Pseudocode.

Accepted Answer

Specifying the order in which statements are to be executed in a computer program is referred to as program control. This involves directing the flow of execution through the program, determining which statements are executed, and in what order.

Question 6

Which operation does not take place in the following example? int x{21};
Double y{6};
Double z{14};
Y = x / z;
X = 5.5 * y;
A) Implicit conversion.
B) Promotion.
C) Explicit conversion.
D) Truncation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which operation does not take place in...

Question 7

Pseudocode normally does not include:
A) Declarations.
B) Input/output.
C) Algorithms.
D) Control structures.

Accepted Answer

Pseudocode is a high-level description of an algorithmic solution, but it does not include the actual coding or syntax of a particular programming language. Therefore, it does not require formal declarations of variables or data types as in programming languages. However, it includes input/output statements, algorithmic steps, and control structures like conditionals and loops.

Question 8

The conditional operator (?:):
A) Is the only ternary operator in C++.
B) Is a unary operator.
C) Associates from left to right.
D) Accepts two operands.

Accepted Answer

The conditional operator (?:) is indeed the only ternary operator in C++, meaning it takes three operands. It does not associate from left to right, it is not unary (it is ternary), and it does not accept two operands, but three.

Question 9

What is wrong with the following while loop? while (sum <= 1000) {
Sum = sum - 30;
}
A) The parentheses should be braces.
B) There should be a semicolon after while (sum <= 1000).
C) sum = sum - 30 should be sum = sum + 30 or else the loop may never end.
D) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The loop does not have a termination condition, and it will continue to execute as long as the sum is less than or equal to 1000. However, the statement inside the loop decreases the value of sum by 30 each time it executes. Therefore, if sum starts out greater than 1000, the loop will never terminate, resulting in an infinite loop. To fix this, the statement inside the loop should increase the value of sum.

Question 10

A block:
A) Must contain exactly three statements.
B) Cannot contain declarations.
C) Is a compound statement.
D) Is represented by placing a semicolon (;) where a statement would normally be.

Accepted Answer

A block is a compound statement, which means it can contain any number of statements and declarations. It is represented by enclosing the statements and/or declarations within a set of curly braces ({ }). The option A is incorrect because a block can have any number of statements. The option B is also incorrect because a block can contain declarations, as well as statements. The option D is incorrect because a semicolon (;) is not used to represent a block, but rather to terminate a statement.

Question 11

Using a while loop's counter-control variable in a calculation after the loop ends often causes a common logic error called:
A) A fatal logic error.
B) A counter exception.
C) A syntax error.
D) An off-by-one error.

Accepted Answer

Using the counter-control variable after the loop can result in an off-by-one error, where the variable is one more or one less than expected. This can cause unexpected behavior or errors in the program.

Question 12

An uninitialized local variable contains:
A) The value last stored in the memory location reserved for that variable.
B) No value.
C) A value of zero.
D) A randomly assigned value.

Accepted Answer

An uninitialized local variable in most programming languages contains the value last stored in the memory location reserved for that variable, as the memory is not automatically cleared or initialized.

Question 13

If grade has the value of 60, what will the following code display? if (grade >= 60) {
Cout << "Passed";
}
A) nothing.
B) 60
C) Passed
D) cout << "Passed";

Accepted Answer

The code checks if the variable 'grade' has a value greater than or equal to 60, and if it does, it will display the string "Passed" using cout. Since the given value of 'grade' is 60, the condition is true and "Passed" will be displayed.

Question 14

The data type bool:
A) Can take on values true and false.
B) Can take on any expression as a value.
C) Can take on values -1, 0 or 1.
D) Can only be used in a selection statement.

Accepted Answer

The bool data type can only take on the values true or false.

Question 15

Which of the following is a double-selection statement?
A) if.
B) if…else.
C) do…while.
D) switch.

Accepted Answer

A double-selection statement allows for two different paths of execution based on a condition. The if...else statement is an example of a double-selection statement, as it allows for one set of statements to be executed if a condition is true and a different set of statements to be executed if the condition is false. The other options listed are not double-selection statements: "if" is the basic form of a selection statement, "do...while" is a looping statement, and "switch" is a multi-branch statement.

Question 16

What is the final value of x after performing the following operations? int x{21};
Double y{6};
Double z{14};
Y = x / z;
X = 5.5 * y;
A) 8.25.
B) 5.5.
C) 5.
D) 8.

Accepted Answer

- Initializing x with 21 results in x=21.
- Dividing x by z (14) and assigning it to y: y = 21/14 = 1.5.
- Multiplying y by 5.5 and assigning it to x: x = 1.5 * 5.5 = 8.25.
Therefore, after performing the given operations, the final value of x is 8.25, which is option A.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about nested if…else statements is true?
A) An if…else statement may not be nested in another nested if…else.
B) Each if…else statement must contain only a simple condition.
C) In an if body, an inner if…else executes only if the outer if statement's condition is true.
D) The statement(s) in an inner if always execute(s) if its condition is true.

Accepted Answer

When if…else statements are nested, the inner if…else statement executes only if the outer if statement's condition is true. If the condition in the outer if statement is false, the inner if…else statement is skipped over.

Question 18

Which of the following is a repetition structure?
A) if.
B) if…else.
C) do…while.
D) switch.

Accepted Answer

The do...while loop is a repetition structure because it allows a certain block of code to be executed repeatedly as long as a specified condition is true.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a keyword that was added to C++ in the new C++11 standard?
A) nullptr.
B) operator.
C) constexpr.
D) noexcept.

Accepted Answer

"operator" is not a new keyword added in C++11; it was already a keyword in previous versions of C++. The other options, nullptr, constexpr, and noexcept, are all new keywords added in C++11.

Question 20

Which of the following does not display correct if answer is equal to 7 and incorrect if answer is not equal to 7?
A) if (answer == 7) { cout << "correct";
}
Else {
Cout << "incorrect";
}
B) cout << answer == 7 ? "correct" : "incorrect";
C) cout << (answer == 7 ? "correct" : "incorrect");
D) answer == 7 ? cout << "correct" : cout << "incorrect";

Accepted Answer

The syntax in option B is incorrect because the ternary operator is not properly enclosed in parentheses, leading to a precedence issue with the `<<` operator.

Quiz 4: Control Statements, Assignment, and Operators

How many times will the following loop print hello? i = 1; While (i <= 10) { Cout << "hello"; }

Which of the following is true of pseudocode?

In an activity diagram for an algorithm, what does a solid circle surrounded by a hollow circle represent?

Which of the following encompasses the other three?

Specifying the order in which statements are to be executed in a computer program is called:

Which operation does not take place in the following example? int x{21}; Double y{6}; Double z{14}; Y = x / z; X = 5.5 * y;

Pseudocode normally does not include:

The conditional operator (?:) :

What is wrong with the following while loop? while (sum <= 1000) { Sum = sum - 30; }

A block:

Using a while loop's counter-control variable in a calculation after the loop ends often causes a common logic error called:

An uninitialized local variable contains:

If grade has the value of 60, what will the following code display? if (grade >= 60) { Cout << "Passed"; }

The data type bool:

Which of the following is a double-selection statement?

What is the final value of x after performing the following operations? int x{21}; Double y{6}; Double z{14}; Y = x / z; X = 5.5 * y;

Which of the following statements about nested if…else statements is true?

Which of the following is a repetition structure?

Which of the following is not a keyword that was added to C++ in the new C++11 standard?

Which of the following does not display correct if answer is equal to 7 and incorrect if answer is not equal to 7?