Question 1

You isolate chromosomes from the salivary gland of an organism and prepare a glass slide of the chromosome preparation.When you look at the chromosomes on the slide,they can be seen to be extremely large and they exhibit a distinct banding pattern.What is a possible explanation for this?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

What type of DNA sequence in eukaryotes is most like that found in bacteria and viruses?

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Question 3

The most common type of genetic variability in humans occurs at sites in the genome where single nucleotide differences are found among different members of the population.What are these sites called?

Accepted Answer

All three options (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs, and "snips") are used to refer to the same type of genetic variation, where a single nucleotide differs among members of a population. Therefore, the best choice is E, which includes all three options.

Question 4

What evidence supported the claim of Avery and colleagues that DNA was the "transforming principle" in bacterial virulence?

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Question 5

Describe the effects of trinucleotide repeat expansions on chromosome and protein stability.

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Question 6

Why would the changes that accumulate in corresponding genes from distantly related organisms be predominantly those that preserve the amino acid sequence?

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Question 7

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder.What is the nature of the disorder?

Accepted Answer

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene have difficulty coordinating the fine muscular movements of their lips and tongue that are required for vocal communication. This results in a severe speech and language disorder. The disorder is not related to malformed lips, vocal cords, or tongue, and does not cause deafness.

Question 8

What enzyme can create a transient break in one duplex of DNA that results in the relief of torsional stress via the rotation of one strand around the other?

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Question 9

____________ are sites in the genome that vary among different individuals.This term usually refers to a genetic variant that occurs in at least 1% of a species population.

Accepted Answer

Genetic polymorphisms are genetic variants that occur in at least 1% of a species population. They are sites in the genome that vary among different individuals.

Question 10

Why would changes in the genes for transcription factors be expected to generate major phenotypic differences?

Accepted Answer

Transcription factors are proteins that bind to DNA and regulate the expression of other genes. Therefore, changes in the genes for transcription factors can affect the expression of large numbers of other genes, leading to significant changes in the phenotype of an organism. This is because the expression of many genes is often required to produce a particular trait or characteristic.

Question 11

You are given a sample of DNA and everything you need to carry out a renaturation study.The resulting data are composed of a single,symmetrical curve.What do you know about the curve and what can you guess about its source?

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Question 12

An organism has 4 chromosomes (generation 0).If there were no reduction division in meiosis,how many chromosomes would the organism have after generation 10?

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Question 13

How can the results of genome-wide association studies (GWASs)assist in determining an individual's risk of contracting certain diseases?

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Question 14

AZT is a drug used to halt the replication of the HIV virus in AIDS patients.Which mechanism of transposition would you expect it to hinder?

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Quiz 10: The Nature of the Gene and the Genome