Question 1

Why was methicillin developed?

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Question 2

Many bacteria have acquired resistance to penicillin by picking up the gene for -lactamase.However,some have developed resistance without acquiring this gene.How do these bacteria escape the fatal effects of penicillin?

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Question 3

There have been two new classes of antibiotics developed and approved since 1963.One of these antibiotics acts specifically on bacterial ribosomes.What is it? Another new group of antibiotics is the cyclic lipopeptides.What is a representative of this group and how does this group of antibiotics work?

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Question 4

What strategies are employed to combat the ability of the AIDS (HIV)virus to develop drug-resistant variants?

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Question 5

How are new compounds typically screened for their effectiveness as antibiotics?

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Question 6

How does the AIDS virus manage to avoid the effects of drugs that attack its enzymes so effectively?

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Question 7

What are some ways that antibiotic resistance genes can be passed from bacterium to bacterium?

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Question 8

Certain bacteria have an adaptation that allows them to render penicillin harmless;they have adapted due to their possession of an enzyme called penicillinase.How does it render them immune to the effects of penicillin?

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Quiz 3: Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism