Question 1

How many grams of solid sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃,106 g/mol)would be required to neutralize 1.0 L of 1.0 M HCl?

Accepted Answer

To neutralize 1.0 L of 1.0 M HCl, you need 0.5 moles of Na2CO3 (since Na2CO3 reacts with 2 moles of HCl). 0.5 moles of Na2CO3 is 0.5 * 106 g/mol = 53 g.

Question 2

A certain rust remover containing phosphoric acid has a density of 1.685 g/mL.Titration of a 59.3 mL sample of the rust remover requires 1.40 L of 1.86 M NaOH to completely react with the acid to form sodium phosphate.What is the mass percent H₃PO₄ (98.0 g/mol)in the rust remover?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A certain rust remover containing phosphoric acid...

Question 3

In a titration,the solution of known concentration delivered by the buret is called the titrant,and the solution being titrated is called the analyte.To carry out a calculation to determine an unknown concentration of a sample from titration data,one would need all of the following data except __________

Accepted Answer

To determine the unknown concentration of the analyte, one needs to know the volume of the titrant delivered, the volume of the analyte, the stoichiometry of the reaction between the titrant and the analyte, and the concentration of the titrant. The concentration of the analyte is what is being determined through the titration analysis.

Question 4

A 500 mg dietary supplement of L-lysine (an amino acid,146.2 g/mol)required 68.4 mL of 0.100 M NaOH to reach the end point.How many hydrogen ions were removed for each L-lysine molecule in this titration?

Accepted Answer

L-lysine has two acidic hydrogen ions that can be removed by NaOH. The molarity of NaOH and the volume used in the titration can be used to calculate the amount of moles of NaOH used. Since each mole of NaOH removes two moles of hydrogen ions from L-lysine, we can obtain the number of hydrogen ions removed by dividing the moles of NaOH used by two. Therefore, (0.100 mol/L) x (0.0684 L) / 2 = 0.000342 mol of hydrogen ions were removed. Since the supplement is 500 mg, which is equal to 3.417 x 10^-3 mol, then the ratio of hydrogen ions removed per L-lysine molecule is (0.000342 mol) / (3.417 x 10^-3 mol) = 2. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 5

A 25.00 mL sample of H₂SO₄ requires 58.5 mL of 0.540 M KOH to reach the equivalence point.What is the molarity of the H₂SO₄?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 25.00 mL sample of H₂SO₄ requires...

Question 6

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of OCl^-? OCl^-(aq)+ Cr³⁺(aq)$\to$ Cl^-(aq)+ Cr₂O₇²^-(aq)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Balance the following redox reaction under basic...

Question 7

The thermite reaction is used in welding applications and chemistry demonstrations because it releases a tremendous amount of energy.Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding this reaction? 8 Al(s)+ 3 Fe₃O₄(s)$\to$9 Fe(s)+ 4 Al₂O₃(s)

Accepted Answer

The thermite reaction involves the oxidation of aluminum and reduction of iron. The oxidation number of aluminum changes from 0 to +3, and aluminum is the reducing agent in the reaction. However, a total of 24 electrons are not transferred from the aluminum atoms to the oxygen atoms. The electrons are transferred from the aluminum atoms to the iron atoms, resulting in the formation of metallic iron and aluminum oxide. Therefore, statement E is incorrect.

Question 8

Ammonia (NH₃)is a weak base that reacts with a strong acid to form the ammonium ion,NH₄⁺.If 5.00 mL of a solution of an ammonia cleaner is titrated directly with 42.6 mL of 0.5000 M HCl,what is the concentration of the NH₃ in solution? (Assume that the ammonia is the only solute that reacts with the acid.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ammonia (NH₃)is a weak base that reacts...

Question 9

When the oxidation-reduction reaction shown here is balanced using the smallest whole-number coefficients,how many moles of electrons are transferred? CH₄(g)+ K₂SO₄(aq)$\to$HCO₃(aq)+ KHS(aq)+ H₂O( )

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the oxidation-reduction reaction shown here is...

Question 10

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of HSO₃^-? MnO₄^-(aq)+ HSO₃^-(aq)$\to$Mn²⁺(aq)+ SO₄²^-F(aq)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Balance the following redox reaction under acidic...

Question 11

Vinegar contains acetic acid (CH₃COOH,60.06 g/mol).The acetic acid in a 12.0 g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 48.0 mL of 0.250 M NaOH.What is the mass percent CH₃COOH in this type of vinegar?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Vinegar contains acetic acid (CH₃COOH,60.06 g/mol).The acetic...

Question 12

How many mL of 0.116 M Ba(OH)₂ are required to completely neutralize 150.0 mL of 0.280 M HNO₃?

Accepted Answer

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Ba(OH)2 and HNO3 is:$$ \text{Ba(OH)}_2 + 2\text{HNO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Ba(NO}_3)_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} $$From the equation, 1 mole of Ba(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of HNO3. Given:- Concentration of HNO3 = 0.280 M- Volume of HNO3 = 150.0 mL = 0.150 LMoles of HNO3 = Molarity × Volume = 0.280 M × 0.150 L = 0.042 molesSince 1 mole of Ba(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of HNO3, the moles of Ba(OH)2 required = 0.042 moles / 2 = 0.021 moles.Given the concentration of Ba(OH)2 is 0.116 M, the volume required can be calculated using the formula:$$ \text{Volume} = \frac{\text{Moles}}{\text{Molarity}} = \frac{0.021 \text{ moles}}{0.116 \text{ M}} $$$$ \text{Volume} = 0.181 L $$Since 1 L = 1000 mL, the volume required in mL = 0.181 L × 1000 mL/L = 181 mL.

Question 13

In carrying out a titration of a hydrochloric acid solution with a standard sodium hydroxide solution,a student went beyond the end point before reading the volume on the buret.That is,the volume used was larger than the volume required to reach the end point.How will this error affect the calculated concentration of the hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In carrying out a titration of a...

Question 14

How many liters of 0.200 M NaOH are required to completely neutralize 1.00 L of 0.100 M HCN?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many liters of 0.200 M NaOH...

Question 15

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does OH^-appear,and what is its coefficient? Cr(OH)₃(s)+ ClO₃^-(aq)$\to$ CrO₄²^-(g)+ Cl^-(aq)

Accepted Answer

In basic conditions, OH⁻ is added to balance the equation. The balanced equation requires 4 OH⁻ ions on the left side.

Question 16

Polymers with ionic functional groups have been developed for removal of ions from water.One example is Amberlite.One form of Amberlite has the structure shown below,where the -SO₃H groups act like a weak acid.What type of ions will this polymer attract?

Accepted Answer

The -SO₃H functional groups act like a weak acid which means they can donate a proton (H+) to a water molecule and become negatively charged. This makes the polymer attract cations (positively charged ions) through electrostatic interactions, as opposites attract. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Question 17

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does H⁺(aq)appear,and what is its coefficient? MnO₄^-(aq)+ I^-(aq)$\to$I₂(aq)+ Mn²⁺(aq)

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because H+ appears on the left side with a coefficient of 16.

Question 18

Stomach acid is approximately 1.0 M HCl.How many mL of stomach acid can be neutralized by one regular antacid tablet that contains 500 mg of solid CaCO₃ (100 g/mol)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stomach acid is approximately 1.0 M HCl.How...

Question 19

Sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃,molar mass = 158.2 g/mol)is used in photography.The purity of a Na₂S₂O₃ solution labeled as 0.2043 M is checked by redox titration.It is found that 0.100 L of this solution requires 40.21 mL of 0.246 M iodine solution to reach the equivalence point.What is the percent purity of the sodium thiosulfate solution? I₂(aq)+ 2 S₂O₃²^-(aq)$\to$ 2 I^-(aq)+ S₄O₆²^-(aq)

Accepted Answer

First, let's determine the number of moles of iodine used in the titration:

0.246 mol/L x 0.04021 L = 0.00989866 mol I2

Since the reaction between iodine and sodium thiosulfate is a 1:2 ratio, the number of moles of sodium thiosulfate can be calculated as:

0.00989866 mol I2 x (1 mol Na2S2O3 / 2 mol I2) = 0.00494933 mol Na2S2O3

Now we can calculate the concentration of the sodium thiosulfate solution:

C = n/V

C = 0.00494933 mol / 0.100 L = 0.0494933 mol/L

The percent purity can be calculated by dividing the measured concentration (0.2043 M) by the calculated concentration (0.0494933 M) and multiplying by 100:

Percent purity = (0.0494933 M / 0.2043 M) x 100% = 24.2%

Therefore, the answer is choice letter D.

Question 20

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of I^-? Cr₂O₇²^-(aq)+ I^-(aq)$\to$ I₂(aq)+ Cr³⁺(aq)

Accepted Answer

First, we need to assign oxidation states to all the elements in the equation: Cr₂O₇²F1F1F1S1^F1F1F10(aq) Cr: +3 S: -2 B: +3 O: -2 P: +5 F: -1 IF1F1F1S1^F1F1F10(aq) I: +1 F: -1 S: +6 P: +5 Next, we need to identify the elements undergoing oxidation and reduction: Cr₂O₇²F1F1F1S1^F1F1F10(aq) + IF1F1F1S1^F1F1F10(aq) → F3S3S3W1F1F1F10 I₂(aq) + Cr³⁺(aq) In this case, we can see that chromium is being oxidized from +3 to +6, while iodine is being reduced from +1 to -1. We can start balancing the equation by adding coefficients to balance the number of atoms of each element: Cr2S2B12O17P12F10(aq) + 3IF1S1P0F10(aq) → F3S3W1F10 IS1B12(aq) + 2Cr3+ + 3S1+ + S1P0(aq) However, we still need to balance the number of electrons gained and lost in the redox reaction. To do this, we can add H+ ions to the equation to balance the charge: Cr2S2B12O17P12F10(aq) + 3IF1S1P0F10(aq) + 24H+ → F3S3W1F10 IS1B12(aq) + 2Cr3+ + 3S1+ + S1P0(aq) + 12H2O Now we can see that chromium has lost 6 electrons (3 per atom) and iodine has gained 6 electrons (3 per atom). Finally, we can simplify the coefficients to their smallest whole-number values: 2Cr2S2B12O17P12F10(aq) + 6IF1S1P0F10(aq) + 24H+ → 3F3S3W1F10 IS1B12(aq) + 2Cr3+ + 3S1+ + S1P0(aq) + 12H2O Therefore, the coefficient of IF1F1F1S1^F1F1F10 is 6. The answer is choice C.

Quiz 8: Aqueous Solutions-Chemistry of the Hydrosphere

How many grams of solid sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃,106 g/mol) would be required to neutralize 1.0 L of 1.0 M HCl?

A certain rust remover containing phosphoric acid has a density of 1.685 g/mL.Titration of a 59.3 mL sample of the rust remover requires 1.40 L of 1.86 M NaOH to completely react with the acid to form sodium phosphate.What is the mass percent H₃PO₄ (98.0 g/mol) in the rust remover?

A 500 mg dietary supplement of L-lysine (an amino acid,146.2 g/mol) required 68.4 mL of 0.100 M NaOH to reach the end point.How many hydrogen ions were removed for each L-lysine molecule in this titration?

A 25.00 mL sample of H₂SO₄ requires 58.5 mL of 0.540 M KOH to reach the equivalence point.What is the molarity of the H₂SO₄?

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of OCl^-? OCl^-(aq) + Cr³⁺(aq) $\to$ Cl^-(aq) + Cr₂O₇²^-(aq)

The thermite reaction is used in welding applications and chemistry demonstrations because it releases a tremendous amount of energy.Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding this reaction? 8 Al(s) + 3 Fe₃O₄(s) $\to$ 9 Fe(s) + 4 Al₂O₃(s)

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of HSO₃^-? MnO₄^-(aq) + HSO₃^-(aq) $\to$ Mn²⁺(aq) + SO₄²^-F(aq)

Vinegar contains acetic acid (CH₃COOH,60.06 g/mol) .The acetic acid in a 12.0 g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 48.0 mL of 0.250 M NaOH.What is the mass percent CH₃COOH in this type of vinegar?

How many mL of 0.116 M Ba(OH) ₂ are required to completely neutralize 150.0 mL of 0.280 M HNO₃?

How many liters of 0.200 M NaOH are required to completely neutralize 1.00 L of 0.100 M HCN?

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does OH^-appear,and what is its coefficient? Cr(OH) ₃(s) + ClO₃^-(aq) $\to$ CrO₄²^-(g) + Cl^-(aq)

Polymers with ionic functional groups have been developed for removal of ions from water.One example is Amberlite.One form of Amberlite has the structure shown below,where the -SO₃H groups act like a weak acid.What type of ions will this polymer attract?

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does H⁺(aq) appear,and what is its coefficient? MnO₄^-(aq) + I^-(aq) $\to$ I₂(aq) + Mn²⁺(aq)

Stomach acid is approximately 1.0 M HCl.How many mL of stomach acid can be neutralized by one regular antacid tablet that contains 500 mg of solid CaCO₃ (100 g/mol) ?

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of I^-? Cr₂O₇²^-(aq) + I^-(aq) $\to$ I₂(aq) + Cr³⁺(aq)

Quiz 8: Aqueous Solutions-Chemistry of the Hydrosphere

How many grams of solid sodium carbonate (Na2CO3,106 g/mol) would be required to neutralize 1.0 L of 1.0 M HCl?

A certain rust remover containing phosphoric acid has a density of 1.685 g/mL.Titration of a 59.3 mL sample of the rust remover requires 1.40 L of 1.86 M NaOH to completely react with the acid to form sodium phosphate.What is the mass percent H3PO4 (98.0 g/mol) in the rust remover?

A 500 mg dietary supplement of L-lysine (an amino acid,146.2 g/mol) required 68.4 mL of 0.100 M NaOH to reach the end point.How many hydrogen ions were removed for each L-lysine molecule in this titration?

A 25.00 mL sample of H2SO4 requires 58.5 mL of 0.540 M KOH to reach the equivalence point.What is the molarity of the H2SO4?

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of OCl-? OCl-(aq) + Cr3+(aq) →\to→ Cl-(aq) + Cr2O72-(aq)

The thermite reaction is used in welding applications and chemistry demonstrations because it releases a tremendous amount of energy.Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding this reaction? 8 Al(s) + 3 Fe3O4(s) →\to→ 9 Fe(s) + 4 Al2O3(s)

When the oxidation-reduction reaction shown here is balanced using the smallest whole-number coefficients,how many moles of electrons are transferred? CH4(g) + K2SO4(aq) →\to→ HCO3(aq) + KHS(aq) + H2O( )

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of HSO3-? MnO4-(aq) + HSO3-(aq) →\to→ Mn2+(aq) + SO42-F(aq)

Vinegar contains acetic acid (CH3COOH,60.06 g/mol) .The acetic acid in a 12.0 g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 48.0 mL of 0.250 M NaOH.What is the mass percent CH3COOH in this type of vinegar?

How many mL of 0.116 M Ba(OH) 2 are required to completely neutralize 150.0 mL of 0.280 M HNO3?

How many liters of 0.200 M NaOH are required to completely neutralize 1.00 L of 0.100 M HCN?

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does OH-appear,and what is its coefficient? Cr(OH) 3(s) + ClO3-(aq) →\to→ CrO42-(g) + Cl-(aq)

Polymers with ionic functional groups have been developed for removal of ions from water.One example is Amberlite.One form of Amberlite has the structure shown below,where the -SO3H groups act like a weak acid.What type of ions will this polymer attract?

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does H+(aq) appear,and what is its coefficient? MnO4-(aq) + I-(aq) →\to→ I2(aq) + Mn2+(aq)

Stomach acid is approximately 1.0 M HCl.How many mL of stomach acid can be neutralized by one regular antacid tablet that contains 500 mg of solid CaCO3 (100 g/mol) ?

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of I-? Cr2O72-(aq) + I-(aq) →\to→ I2(aq) + Cr3+(aq)

How many grams of solid sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃,106 g/mol) would be required to neutralize 1.0 L of 1.0 M HCl?

A certain rust remover containing phosphoric acid has a density of 1.685 g/mL.Titration of a 59.3 mL sample of the rust remover requires 1.40 L of 1.86 M NaOH to completely react with the acid to form sodium phosphate.What is the mass percent H₃PO₄ (98.0 g/mol) in the rust remover?

A 25.00 mL sample of H₂SO₄ requires 58.5 mL of 0.540 M KOH to reach the equivalence point.What is the molarity of the H₂SO₄?

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of OCl^-? OCl^-(aq) + Cr³⁺(aq) $\to$ Cl^-(aq) + Cr₂O₇²^-(aq)

The thermite reaction is used in welding applications and chemistry demonstrations because it releases a tremendous amount of energy.Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding this reaction? 8 Al(s) + 3 Fe₃O₄(s) $\to$ 9 Fe(s) + 4 Al₂O₃(s)

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of HSO₃^-? MnO₄^-(aq) + HSO₃^-(aq) $\to$ Mn²⁺(aq) + SO₄²^-F(aq)

Vinegar contains acetic acid (CH₃COOH,60.06 g/mol) .The acetic acid in a 12.0 g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 48.0 mL of 0.250 M NaOH.What is the mass percent CH₃COOH in this type of vinegar?

How many mL of 0.116 M Ba(OH) ₂ are required to completely neutralize 150.0 mL of 0.280 M HNO₃?

Balance the following redox reaction under basic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does OH^-appear,and what is its coefficient? Cr(OH) ₃(s) + ClO₃^-(aq) $\to$ CrO₄²^-(g) + Cl^-(aq)

Polymers with ionic functional groups have been developed for removal of ions from water.One example is Amberlite.One form of Amberlite has the structure shown below,where the -SO₃H groups act like a weak acid.What type of ions will this polymer attract?

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.On which side does H⁺(aq) appear,and what is its coefficient? MnO₄^-(aq) + I^-(aq) $\to$ I₂(aq) + Mn²⁺(aq)

Stomach acid is approximately 1.0 M HCl.How many mL of stomach acid can be neutralized by one regular antacid tablet that contains 500 mg of solid CaCO₃ (100 g/mol) ?

Balance the following redox reaction under acidic aqueous conditions using the smallest whole-number coefficients possible.What is the coefficient of I^-? Cr₂O₇²^-(aq) + I^-(aq) $\to$ I₂(aq) + Cr³⁺(aq)