The Innate Immune Response Together with Antibodies Are Generally Not

The innate immune response together with antibodies are generally not effective at clearing infections established by pathogens that replicate inside host cells. The evolution of T cells has provided a means for the immune response to 'see' intracellular infections based on the ability of T cells to:

A) Secrete cytokines that diffuse into the infected tissue
B) Activate type I interferon production by macrophages and dendritic cells
C) Activate macrophages to induce inflammation
D) Recognize pathogen-derived peptides on host MHC surface molecules
E) Express cytoplasmic sensors for detecting pathogen-derived nucleic acids