Question 1

When a nucleus emits a beta particle,its atomic number

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a nucleus emits a beta particle,its...

Question 2

A gram of radioactive material has a half-life of one year.After 4 years,how much radioactive material will be left?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gram of radioactive material has a...

Question 3

Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays are not charged, so they do not experience any electrical force in an electric field.

Question 4

A sample of relatively active radioactive material is somewhat

Accepted Answer

Active radioactive materials generate and emit energy in the form of particles or rays. This energy contributes to the internal energy of the sample, making it slightly warmer than its surroundings. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Question 5

When a nucleus emits a positron,its atomic number

Accepted Answer

When a nucleus emits a positron, it is essentially converting a proton (with positive charge) into a neutron (with no charge). This means that the number of protons (i.e. the atomic number) decreases by 1.

Question 6

The end result of radioactive decay can be a different

Accepted Answer

Radioactive decay can result in a different isotope or element, which means the nucleus of the atom has changed. This can also result in a different atom altogether, depending on the number of protons and neutrons in the new nucleus. Therefore, all of these choices are possible outcomes of radioactive decay.

Question 7

When the hydrogen isotope tritium-3 emits a beta particle,it becomes an isotope of

Accepted Answer

When tritium-3 emits a beta particle, it undergoes beta decay, transforming into helium-3.

Question 8

The helium in a child's balloon is composed of

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

An element will decay to an element with higher atomic number in the periodic table if it emits

Accepted Answer

Beta decay occurs when a neutron in the nucleus decays into a proton and emits an electron (beta particle) and an antineutrino. This conversion of neutron to proton increases the atomic number of the element by 1. Therefore, an element will decay to an element with higher atomic number in the periodic table if it emits a beta particle.

Question 10

Artificially induced radioactive elements generally have

Accepted Answer

Artificially induced radioactive elements generally have short half-lives. This is because they are created in a lab and do not occur naturally, so they tend to be less stable than naturally occurring radioactive elements. Additionally, shorter half-lives make the artificial isotopes easier to handle and dispose of safely.

Question 11

Radioactivity in the world is something

Accepted Answer

Radioactivity is a natural process that has been occurring since the formation of the earth. Uranium, for example, was present in the earth's crust when it formed and is a naturally occurring radioactive element. Therefore, radioactivity is as old as the world itself.

Question 12

When thorium (A = 90)emits a beta particle,the resulting nucleus has atomic number

Accepted Answer

The answer of When thorium (A = 90)emits a beta...

Question 13

Which experiences the greatest electrical force in an electric field?

Accepted Answer

An alpha particle has a greater charge (+2e) compared to a beta particle or an electron (-e), and gamma rays are neutral, so the alpha particle experiences the greatest electrical force in an electric field.

Question 14

The half-lives of elements beyond uranium are too short for these elements to occur in natural deposits.But elements below uranium that have equally short half-lives do occur in natural deposits.This is because they are

Accepted Answer

Elements below uranium that have short half-lives can occur in natural deposits because they are products of the decay of uranium. As uranium atoms decay, they convert into atoms of different elements, which may also be radioactive and undergo further decay. Some of these decay products may have short half-lives but can still accumulate in natural deposits due to the long timescales involved in geologic processes.

Question 15

In order for an atom to decay to an element which is one greater in atomic number,it can emit

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order for an atom to decay...

Question 16

In bubble chambers,charged particles move in spirals because

Accepted Answer

The spiral motion of charged particles in bubble chambers is a result of their energy being gradually dissipated as they ionize the surrounding gas molecules. This causes the particles to gradually slow down and their path to bend in a spiral pattern. The other answer choices are not relevant to explaining the spiral motion of charged particles in bubble chambers.

Question 17

Which body is heated in its interior by nuclear processes?

Accepted Answer

The Sun is heated by nuclear fusion in its core, while the Earth's interior is heated by radioactive decay of elements.

Question 18

It's impossible for a hydrogen atom to emit an alpha particle.

Accepted Answer

A hydrogen atom consists of only one proton and one electron, and an alpha particle is composed of two protons and two neutrons, which cannot be emitted by a hydrogen atom.

Question 19

When radium (A = 88)emits an alpha particle,the resulting nucleus has atomic number

Accepted Answer

When radium (A=88) emits an alpha particle, it loses two protons and two neutrons. This means that the resulting nucleus will have an atomic number of 88-2 = 86. Therefore, the correct answer is (A) 86.

Question 20

If an alpha particle and a beta particle have the same energy,which particle will penetrate farther into an object?

Accepted Answer

Beta particles are lighter and have less charge compared to alpha particles, allowing them to penetrate farther into materials.

Quiz 33: Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity