In Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co., the U.S. Supreme Court held that:

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The U.S. Supreme Court held that Congress did not intend the term "national origin" to mean citizenship requirements in Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co. In this case, the plaintiff was denied a job solely based on the fact that he was not a U.S. citizen, despite being legally allowed to work in the United States. The court held that this violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The court clarified that national origin refers to one's ancestry, ethnicity, or cultural characteristics, but not citizenship status.

In Espinoza V