The idea that any perceivable neutral stimulus can serve as a CS was challenged by

Question

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Garcia and Koelling's findings on taste aversion in rats challenged the idea that any perceivable neutral stimulus can serve as a CS. They found that rats were more likely to associate a taste with sickness (and avoid it in the future) than they were to associate a noise or light with sickness. This suggests that some stimuli may be more biologically relevant for conditioning than others.

The Idea That Any Perceivable Neutral Stimulus Can Serve as a CS