Whenever 2-year-old Calista runs into the street in front of her house, her mother immediately spanks her. The mother's technique most closely resembles the procedure known as

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The mother's use of spanking to discourage a behavior (running into the street) is an example of aversive conditioning, which involves using an unpleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again. Systematic desensitization is a treatment for anxiety disorders that involves gradually exposing a person to their feared stimuli in a controlled and relaxed setting. Electroconvulsive therapy is a treatment for severe mental illnesses that involves inducing seizures through electrical stimulation of the brain. Light exposure therapy is a treatment for seasonal affective disorder that involves exposure to bright light to regulate circadian rhythms.

Whenever 2-Year-Old Calista Runs into the Street in Front of Her