Question 1

Jay and Malcolm are a gay couple and Susie and Lynn are a lesbian couple.Jay and Malcolm are likely to report ________ concern with their partner's physical attractiveness and report having sex ________ often than do Susie and Lynn.

Accepted Answer

Research in sexual orientation and relationship dynamics suggests that, on average, gay men (like Jay and Malcolm) tend to place a higher emphasis on physical attractiveness and have sex more frequently compared to lesbian women (like Susie and Lynn).

Question 2

On mental rotation tasks,homosexual men perform

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that homosexual men tend to perform worse than heterosexual men on mental rotation tasks, but better than heterosexual women. This may be due to differences in spatial ability and experience with gender-typed activities.

Question 3

Compared with men,women are likely to masturbate ________ frequently and view pornography ________ frequently.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that, on average, women are likely to masturbate less frequently and view pornography less frequently compared to men.

Question 4

It has been suggested that older men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because men are genetically predisposed to seek female features associated with youthful fertility.This suggestion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The suggestion that older men seek out younger women due to a genetic predisposition to youthfulness and fertility aligns with evolutionary perspective, which examines how behaviors and traits have evolved over time due to their impact on survival and reproduction. The other options are not as applicable to this scenario.

Question 5

When pregnant sheep were injected with testosterone during a critical period of fetal development,their female offspring later demonstrated

Accepted Answer

When female sheep are exposed to excess testosterone during fetal development, they are more likely to display homosexual behavior as adults. This is due to the masculinizing effects of testosterone on the developing brain, which can influence sexual orientation. A, B, and C are not accurate outcomes of prenatal testosterone exposure in sheep.

Question 6

Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that 40-year-old single men will seek to marry women who are ________ than they are.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists theorize that men are attracted to younger women because they are seen as more fertile and more likely to have healthy offspring. Therefore, it is likely that 40-year-old single men will seek to marry women who are younger than they are.

Question 7

Inherited traits that contribute to survival and reproductive success are most likely to be passed on to later generations.This idea is known as

Accepted Answer

The idea described in the statement is known as natural selection, which is the process through which traits that increase an organism's chances of surviving and reproducing become more common in a population over time. This is because individuals with these advantageous traits are more likely to pass them on to their offspring, leading to the gradual evolution of a species. The other choices are unrelated to this concept.

Question 8

Heterosexual women are most attracted to tall men with slim waists and broad shoulders.Evolutionary psychology most clearly attributes this preference to the fact that these physical characteristics are associated with

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology suggests that the preference for tall men with slim waists and broad shoulders is due to the association of these physical characteristics with reproductive success. Tallness and broad shoulders are indicative of strength and dominance, while a slim waist suggests good overall health, all of which are traits that could increase the likelihood of successful reproduction.

Question 9

Marshall,the youngest of Sharon's five biological sons,is the only one who is gay.In the children's adulthood,which of the following differences are you MOST likely to observe between Marshall and his brothers?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests a correlation between sexual orientation and handedness, with non-heterosexual individuals more likely to be non-right-handed compared to their heterosexual counterparts. This does not imply causation but indicates a higher prevalence of non-right-handedness among gay individuals.

Question 10

Which approach is most likely to attribute gender differences in mating preferences to the impact of watching and imitating readily available social scripts?

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory emphasizes the impact of environmental factors, such as social scripts, on behavior and development. Therefore, it is most likely to attribute gender differences in mating preferences to the impact of watching and imitating readily available social scripts. Evolutionary psychology would focus on innate biological factors, the fertile females theory specifically on female reproductive capacities, and Freudian psychology on unconscious psychological motives.

Question 11

Professor Archibald suggests that men are more likely than women to initiate casual sex because this has historically served to be a more successful reproductive strategy for men than for women.The professor's suggestion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The professor's suggestion that men's preference for initiating casual sex is rooted in an evolutionary strategy corresponds to an evolutionary perspective, which argues that certain behaviors and traits have evolved over time due to their adaptive or reproductive benefits.

Question 12

Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists are often criticized for using just-so stories to explain human behaviors and mating preferences, rather than relying on empirical evidence. They use the principles of natural selection to speculate about how certain behaviors might have evolved in the past, but their theories are difficult to test and often rely on assumptions about human nature. Critics argue that these theories provide limited insight into contemporary human behavior and can reinforce harmful stereotypes about gender and sexuality.

Question 13

A mother's immune system may have a defensive response to substances produced by male fetuses.This is most likely to contribute to

Accepted Answer

The fraternal birth-order effect refers to the phenomenon where the more older brothers a male has, the greater the likelihood that he will be homosexual. One theory to explain this effect is the maternal immune hypothesis, which suggests that a mother's immune system may have a defensive response to substances produced by male fetuses. This immune response may then affect the developing brain of the male fetus, leading to a greater likelihood of homosexuality.

Question 14

Compared with women,men are ________ likely to initiate sex and ________ likely to think about sex.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that men are more likely than women to initiate sex and think about sex. This is attributed to both societal and biological factors, such as differences in sex hormones and cultural expectations surrounding gender and sexuality.

Question 15

Compared with men who do not have older brothers,right-handed men who have older brothers are somewhat more likely to experience

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that there is a correlation between the number of older brothers a man has and the likelihood of being homosexual. This effect is thought to be due to changes in the mother's immune system during pregnancy that occur after having one or more male children. This effect has not been found to be related to premature ejaculation, erectile disorder, or paraphilias.

Question 16

Female fetuses ________ exposed to testosterone and male fetuses ________ exposed to testosterone appear most likely later to experience same-sex desires.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Female fetuses ________ exposed to testosterone and...

Question 17

Ginger wants to marry someone who will provide financial security for her children-to-be.Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute Ginger's motivation to

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists would attribute Ginger's motivation to genetic influences, specifically the concept of parental investment theory. This theory suggests that individuals seek out partners who possess traits that will maximize the survival and reproductive success of their offspring. In Ginger's case, she is seeking a partner who can provide financial security for her future children, which aligns with the goals of parental investment theory.

Question 18

Suppose that men leave their wives to marry other women more frequently than wives leave their husbands to marry other men.Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to explain this in terms of sex differences in

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists would argue that men are more likely to leave their wives to marry other women because they have a greater reproductive capacity and can father children with multiple partners. In contrast, women have a limited reproductive capacity and may prioritize finding a stable and committed partner for the well-being of their offspring, leading them to be less likely to leave their husbands for other men.

Question 19

Maryanne has given birth to five sons;one is homosexual.In view of the fraternal birth-order effect,which of her five sons is most likely to be gay?

Accepted Answer

The fraternal birth-order effect suggests that the more older brothers a man has, the greater the probability he will be homosexual. Therefore, the youngest son is most likely to be gay according to this theory.

Question 20

Gays and lesbians have been found to score midway between straight males and straight females on

Accepted Answer

The statement refers to research on spatial abilities, which includes mental rotation tasks. Studies have shown that gays and lesbians score somewhere in between straight males and straight females on these types of tasks.

Quiz 5: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Jay and Malcolm are a gay couple and Susie and Lynn are a lesbian couple.Jay and Malcolm are likely to report concern with their partner's physical attractiveness and report having sex often than do Susie and Lynn.