When Tory's boyfriend tells her that he is going to Las Vegas with his friends for a week,she immediately begins to think about her ex-husband's affair in Las Vegas.She also recalls all the times her ex-husband deceived her,and so she becomes depressed and angry about her boyfriend's trip to Las Vegas.Tory's recollections illustrate

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Tory's constant dwelling on her negative thoughts and memories is an example of rumination, which can lead to depression and negative emotions. State-dependent memory refers to the phenomenon where memory recall is better when a person is in the same state they were in when they encoded the memory (such as being in the same emotional state). A pessimistic explanatory style refers to how a person tends to explain negative events in their life, while learned helplessness is when a person feels that their actions have no effect on their life circumstances, and so they give up trying to change them. Neither of these options accurately describe Tory's situation.

When Tory's Boyfriend Tells Her That He Is Going to Las