Question 1

In the text, which of the following is not identified as a protective factor for delinquent behavior?

Accepted Answer

The age of first offense is not identified as a protective factor for delinquent behavior, but rather as a risk factor. Protective factors listed in the text include sociability, intelligence, and negative attitudes toward delinquent behavior.

Question 2

________________ first formally recognized the rights of juveniles to have assistance of counsel.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Which of the following roles for forensic psychologist is performed least frequently?

Accepted Answer

Conducting transfer evaluations is performed least frequently by forensic psychologists.

Question 4

Heilbrun et al. 2005) found that among juveniles that recidivated sexual crimes, _____________.

Accepted Answer

Heilbrun et al. (2005) found that juveniles who committed more serious offenses initially were more likely to reoffend. The study did not find evidence that treatment increased the likelihood of reoffense, that female offenders receive longer sentences, or that age is a significant factor in reoffending for juveniles.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of psychologists' involvement in the juvenile system?

Accepted Answer

Forensic juvenile practice, which involves the assessment and evaluation of juveniles in the justice system, has indeed increased significantly in recent years. Psychologists are now more commonly involved in the juvenile courts and in working with juveniles who have been charged with offenses. While psychologists may play a role in treatment, their involvement in the juvenile justice system is much broader than just this one aspect. Psychologists do not act as judges and do not have the authority to assign punishment to juveniles.

Question 6

Ryba, Cooper, and Zapf's 2003) study of juvenile competency found that ______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ryba, Cooper, and Zapf's 2003) study of...

Question 7

Which of the following is a true statement regarding juvenile violence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a true...

Question 8

Juveniles who perpetrate violence _____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Juveniles who perpetrate violence _____________________.
...

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding the processing of juveniles through juveniles courts?

Accepted Answer

Probation officers typically prepare written reports to provide information about the juvenile's family situation, school performance, and other factors relevant to determining appropriate consequences. A is false because in some cases, juveniles may be held in custody with adults. C is false because there can be significant variation in the processing of juveniles across states and even within jurisdictions. D is false because juveniles typically only remain under the supervision of the court until they reach a certain age or complete their sentence.

Question 10

Which of the following is not an example of one of the roles mental health professionals typically serve in the juvenile court system?

Accepted Answer

Mental health professionals do not typically perform risk assessments in capital punishment cases as this falls under the purview of legal experts rather than mental health professionals. The other options listed (developing treatment plans, performing competency evaluations, and evaluating juveniles for treatment amenability) are all roles that mental health professionals commonly serve in the juvenile court system.

Question 11

__________________ have been found to be largely ineffective in reducing juvenile delinquency.

Accepted Answer

Several studies have shown that boot camps, which involve physical discipline and rigorous physical activity, are largely ineffective in reducing juvenile delinquency. In fact, some studies have shown that youth who attend boot camps are more likely to reoffend than those who receive traditional rehabilitation services.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of the more recent focus of juvenile courts?

Accepted Answer

In recent years, there has been a trend towards lowering the age at which juveniles can be transferred to adult courts for more serious offenses. This represents a shift away from previous focus on rehabilitation and treatment within the juvenile court system. Thus, option D – a reduction in the upper age range for juveniles transferred to adult courts – is the most relevant example from the given options.

Question 13

According to Cottle et al. 2001), the biggest predictors of juvenile recidivism are _______________.

Accepted Answer

Cottle et al. (2001) found that offense history variables, such as prior arrests and types of offenses committed, were the biggest predictors of juvenile recidivism. Protective factors, demographic factors, and racial/ethnic variables were found to have a lesser impact on recidivism.

Question 14

Which of the following types of offenses are often identified as a gateway for other offenses?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of offenses...

Question 15

The focus of the juvenile justice system has historically been on ____________.

Accepted Answer

The historical focus of the juvenile justice system has been on the rehabilitation of children and adolescents rather than punishment. This approach recognizes that children are still developing and can be influenced by positive interventions to change their behavior. While issues of competency and due process may also be relevant in the juvenile justice system, they are not the primary focus. The prevention of violent crimes is also a concern, but not the primary historical focus.

Question 16

Threat assessment relies on ______________________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Threat assessment relies on ______________________________________.
...

Question 17

In Clingempeel and Henggeler's 2003) study of persistors and desistors, they found ________________.

Accepted Answer

Desistors engaged in fewer violent behaviors during adolescence, according to Clingempeel and Henggeler's study, which differentiates them from persistors who continued to engage in such behaviors.

Question 18

Which of the following is a status offense?

Accepted Answer

Getting into a fight at school is considered a status offense because it is something that is only illegal because of the person's age/status as a minor, and not because it is inherently criminal behavior like stealing or shoplifting.

Question 19

The public perception that school shootings are a nationwide epidemic can most likely be attributed to _________________.

Accepted Answer

Sensationalistic coverage by the national news media has been criticized for exaggerating the frequency and impact of school shootings, leading to a perception that they are an epidemic.

Question 20

Which of the following is a true statement about sexual violence in juveniles?

Accepted Answer

The number of treatment programs for juvenile sex offenders has indeed increased significantly over the last two decades, reflecting a growing awareness and response to the issue of sexual violence among juveniles. This increase is part of broader efforts to address and prevent sexual violence through intervention and rehabilitation.

Quiz 11: Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice