Question 1

It is estimated that approximately _____ percent of people with intellectual disability function at the mild level (IQ 50-70/75).

Accepted Answer

Approximately 90% of people with intellectual disability function at the mild level, which corresponds to an IQ range of 50-70/75. This level of intellectual disability allows for considerable functional independence and adaptability.

Question 2

The belief that the consequences or outcomes of a person's actions are the result of circumstances and situations beyond one's control rather than a result of one's own efforts.

Accepted Answer

An external locus of control is the belief that the outcomes of one's actions are determined by external factors beyond one's control. This is in contrast to an internal locus of control, where individuals believe they control their own outcomes through their own efforts.

Question 3

Individuals with an approximate measured IQ of 25-40 are considered to have a

Accepted Answer

Individuals with an IQ between 25 and 40 are considered to have a severe intellectual disability. This classification is based on the level of support needed for daily living and learning tasks.

Question 4

A chromosomal abnormality leading to intellectual disabilities along with physical anomalies.

Accepted Answer

Fragile X syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality that can lead to intellectual disabilities and physical anomalies. Amniocentesis and CVS are diagnostic tests used to detect chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy, but they are not treatments. Therapeutic abortion may be an option for some parents in the case of a severe chromosomal abnormality, but it is not always recommended or chosen.

Question 5

Individuals with mild intellectual disability have an approximate measured IQ of

Accepted Answer

Individuals with mild intellectual disability have an approximate measured IQ of 55-70.

Question 6

An inborn error of metabolism that makes infants unable to process galactose,resulting in a variety of physical problems in addition to intellectual disabilities; dietary intervention reduces potential for problems.

Accepted Answer

Galactosemia is the inborn error of metabolism that affects the ability to process galactose. Infants with this condition can develop physical problems such as jaundice and liver damage, as well as intellectual disabilities, if not treated early. Dietary intervention, including eliminating galactose-containing foods, can reduce the potential for long-term problems. Rubella is a viral infection that can cause birth defects, but it is not an inborn error of metabolism. AIDS is a viral infection that affects the immune system, but it is also not an inborn error of metabolism. PKU is another inborn error of metabolism, but it affects the processing of phenylalanine, not galactose.

Question 7

Lead poisoning is an example of which factor:

Accepted Answer

Lead poisoning is caused by exposure to environmental factors, specifically lead in paint, dust, and soil.

Question 8

Supports on an as-needed or episodic basis.Person does not always need the support(s),or person needs short-term supports during live span transitions.

Accepted Answer

The term "as-needed" and "episodic basis" suggests that the support is not required at all times, but rather intermittently. Additionally, the mention of "short-term supports during lifespan transitions" further implies that the support is limited in duration and not extensive or pervasive.

Question 9

Classification of a person with mild intellectual disabilities who typically develops functional academic skills at a third- or fourth-grade level.The IQ range is generally between 50-55 and 70-75.

Accepted Answer

The term "educable mentally retarded" (EMR) is commonly used to describe individuals who have mild intellectual disabilities and are able to develop basic academic skills up to the level of a typical elementary school student. Their IQ range typically falls between 50-55 and 70-75. This term is preferred over "trainable mentally retarded" (TMR) as it emphasizes the individual's potential for education and development rather than focusing on limitations. The individual may require some formal supports, but can also benefit from natural supports such as family and community resources.

Question 10

The 1992 AAIDD definition of intellectual disabilities portrays intellectual disability as a relationship between the

Accepted Answer

The 1992 AAIDD definition of intellectual disabilities emphasizes the dynamic interplay between the individual, the environment, and the type of support needed for the person to function at their maximum potential. This perspective highlights the importance of considering the broader context in which the individual operates, rather than focusing solely on intellectual functioning or IQ scores.

Question 11

Supports characterized by their constancy and high intensity; provided across all environments,potential life-sustaining nature.

Accepted Answer

Supports that are characterized by constancy and high intensity provided across all environments and have potential life-sustaining nature are pervasive supports. Pervasive supports are those that are consistently available across all environments and provide ongoing assistance in meeting an individual's needs, such as daily living activities, communication, and safety.  Intermittent supports are provided only as needed, limited supports are available for a specific time or situation, while extensive supports are provided across a variety of environments but may not be as constant as pervasive supports.

Question 12

The purposes of self-advocacy is for individuals with intellectual disability include all EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The purposes of self-advocacy for individuals with intellectual disability include gaining greater personal control over their lives, fostering independence, and empowering individuals to assertively state their needs and desires. However, being prepared to be self-employed is not typically considered a primary purpose of self-advocacy.

Question 13

In the early 1990s,the AAIDD developed a model for serving individuals with intellectual disabilities based on the type and extent of needed supports.That model is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The model developed by AAIDD in the early 1990s for serving individuals with intellectual disabilities is based on the type and extent of needed supports, and it is referred to as "Levels of Support." This model helps in identifying the levels of support needed by individuals based on their unique abilities and limitations, allowing for a more personalized approach to their care.

Question 14

A viral disease also know as German measles,contact in first trimester of pregnancy,often results in a variety of significant impairments.

Accepted Answer

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a viral disease that can cause a variety of significant impairments if a pregnant woman contracts it in the first trimester. It can result in fetal death, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), or a range of defects, such as deafness, blindness, heart defects, and intellectual disabilities. Therefore, it is important for women to be vaccinated against rubella before they become pregnant. Choices B, C, and D are not related to rubella or pregnancy complications.

Question 15

A lack of persistence at tasks that can be mastered; a tendency to expect failure.

Accepted Answer

The given traits describe learned helplessness, which is a belief that one has no control over the situation and all efforts will lead to failure. This belief of uncontrollability often results in a lack of persistence at tasks and expecting failure. Therefore, C is the correct answer. A, B, and D do not fit the given description.

Question 16

Elective termination of a pregnancy due to the presence of a birth defect.

Accepted Answer

Elective termination of a pregnancy due to the presence of a birth defect is known as therapeutic abortion. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) are prenatal tests used to detect birth defects, while Fragile X syndrome is a genetic disorder that can be detected through genetic testing.

Question 17

A movement whereby persons with intellectual disabilities are relocated from large institutions into smaller,community-based,group living settings.

Accepted Answer

Deinstitutionalization is the movement to relocate persons with intellectual disabilities from large institutions into smaller, community-based, group living settings. Integration refers to the inclusion of individuals with disabilities into mainstream society. Inclusion is a broad term that encompasses creating an environment that welcomes diversity and accepts individuals regardless of their abilities. Normalization refers to the philosophy that individuals with disabilities should have the opportunity to live as normal a life as possible. While all of these concepts may be related to the movement towards community-based living for persons with intellectual disabilities, deinstitutionalization specifically refers to the relocation from large institutions.

Question 18

The ability to transfer previously learned knowledge or skills acquired in one setting to another set of circumstances or situation.

Accepted Answer

Generalizing refers to the ability to transfer knowledge or skills learned in one situation to another situation. External locus of control refers to the belief that one's outcomes are determined by external factors rather than their own actions. Learned helplessness refers to a belief that one is powerless in a situation and cannot make a difference. Outer directedness refers to relying on external cues and validation for one's behavior and decisions.

Question 19

This classification system categorizes students with intellectual disability based on expected or anticipate educational accomplishments.

Accepted Answer

The educational perspective classification system categorizes students with intellectual disability based on their expected or anticipated educational accomplishments, focusing on how their intellectual disabilities impact their ability to learn within a traditional educational setting.

Question 20

A condition characterized by a loss of confidence in one's own capabilities and a reliance on others for cue and guidance.

Accepted Answer

Outer directedness refers to a condition where individuals rely on external cues and guidance from others, often due to a lack of confidence in their own abilities.

Quiz 6: Individuals with Intellectual Disability

It is estimated that approximately _____ percent of people with intellectual disability function at the mild level (IQ 50-70/75) .