Question 1

A virus does not contain ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A virus is not considered a living organism and therefore does not have its own ribosomes to make proteins. It relies on infecting host cells and hijacking their ribosomes to produce new viral particles.

Question 2

From the outside moving in, what is the first structure encountered on a bacterium?
A) cell wall
B) capsule
C) cell membrane
D) cytoplasm
E) nucleoid

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Which of the following contributes to the ability of a bacterium to resist antibiotics?
A) capsule
B) nucleoid
C) plasmid
D) fimbriae
E) flagellum

Accepted Answer

Plasmids often carry genes that provide bacteria with genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.

Question 4

Choose the following statement that does not describe viruses.
A) They contain a protein coat called a capsid.
B) They may contain genomic DNA or RNA.
C) They are acellular.
D) They are obligate intracellular parasites.
E) They grow and develop.

Accepted Answer

Viruses are not capable of growth or development as they lack the machinery to reproduce on their own and require host cells to replicate.

Question 5

The lymphatic system will play a role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining a state of homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

The lymphatic system is an important part of the immune system and helps defend the body against pathogens. It also plays a role in maintaining fluid balance and overall homeostasis in the body.

Question 6

All bacteria are pathogens.

Accepted Answer

Not all bacteria are pathogens. Some bacteria are beneficial to humans and are used in the production of food and medicine, while others are harmless and even necessary for healthy bodily functions.

Question 7

What exist in some bacteria to prevent them from being destroyed by phagocytic white blood cells?
A) pili
B) fimbrae
C) flagella
D) plasmids
E) capsules

Accepted Answer

Capsules are slimy layers that surround bacteria, which makes it difficult for phagocytic white blood cells to engulf and destroy them.

Question 8

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?
A) strep throat
B) tuberculosis
C) chicken pox
D) gonorrhea
E) syphilis

Accepted Answer

Chicken pox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Strep throat is caused by bacteria, tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, gonorrhea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a lymphatic organ?
A) spleen
B) tonsil
C) thymus
D) liver
E) red bone marrow

Accepted Answer

The liver is not a lymphatic organ. While it does play a role in immunity, it is not part of the lymphatic system. The spleen, tonsils, thymus, and red bone marrow are all lymphatic organs.

Question 10

The physician prescribed methicillin for Melissa's Staphylococcus infection. He explained to Melissa that certain bacteria such as the Gram positive forms are more sensitive to the "cillin" based drugs. The mode of action of the drug is to
A) inhibit ribosomal activity.
B) interfere with the production of the bacterial cell wall.
C) denature bacterial DNA.
D) speed up bacterial metabolism.
E) punch a hole in the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

Methicillin is a penicillin-based drug that inhibits the production of the bacterial cell wall. Gram positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, which is the target of this drug. By inhibiting the production of the cell wall, the bacteria are unable to grow and divide, leading to their death.

Question 11

Prions cause degenerative diseases of what system?
A) cardiovascular
B) digestive
C) urinary
D) lymphatic
E) nervous

Accepted Answer

Prions cause degenerative diseases of the nervous system, also known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cows, and Chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer and elk.

Question 12

What are organisms that are capable of causing disease called?
A) symbionts
B) teratogens
C) carcinogens
D) mutagens
E) pathogens

Accepted Answer

Organisms that are capable of causing disease are called pathogens.

Question 13

What do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes do not?
A) ribosomes
B) enzymes
C) nucleus
D) DNA
E) cell membrane

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have a well-defined nucleus that separates their DNA from the rest of the cell, while prokaryotes do not.

Answer: C and D
 Eukaryotes have a nucleus that contains their DNA, while prokaryotes have their DNA in the cytoplasm.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a beneficial contribution of bacteria to humans?
A) decomposers in the environment
B) important in the wine, cheese, and bread industry
C) useful in biotechnology
D) symbionts in the digestive tract
E) disease-causing agents

Accepted Answer

Disease-causing agents are not a beneficial contribution of bacteria to humans.

Question 15

In what way are lymphatic vessels unlike veins in the cardiovascular system?
A) one-way system
B) contain valves
C) take up excess tissue fluid
D) dependent upon skeletal muscle contraction
E) transport fluid

Accepted Answer

Veins in the cardiovascular system do not take up excess tissue fluid.

Question 16

A prion consists of
A) DNA only.
B) protein only.
C) RNA only.
D) DNA plus protein.
E) DNA, RNA, and protein.

Accepted Answer

A prion is a misfolded, infectious protein that can cause other normal proteins to also misfold and become infectious. It does not contain DNA or RNA.

Question 17

What is the name of the lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines?
A) tonsils
B) nodes
C) polyps
D) adenoids
E) lacteals

Accepted Answer

The lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines are known as lacteals. The lacteals absorb dietary fats and transport them through the lymphatic system to the bloodstream.

Question 18

Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system?
A) take up excess tissue fluid, return it to the bloodstream
B) absorb fats in the intestines
C) help the body defend against disease
D) production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes
E) calcium homeostasis

Accepted Answer

Calcium homeostasis is not a function of the lymphatic system. The other options (A, B, C, and D) are all functions of the lymphatic system.

Question 19

Lymph capillaries drain directly into the right lymphatic duct.

Accepted Answer

Lymph capillaries drain into larger lymphatic vessels, which eventually drain into either the thoracic duct or the right lymphatic duct. The right lymphatic duct receives lymphatic drainage from the right side of the head, neck, thorax and upper limb. The thoracic duct receives lymphatic drainage from the rest of the body.

Question 20

A bacterium that is shaped like a basketball would be called a(n)
A) coccus.
B) bacillus.
C) spirillus.
D) ovular.
E) squiggly.

Accepted Answer

Coccus refers to spherical-shaped bacteria, similar to the shape of a basketball.

Quiz 7: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

A virus does not contain ribosomes.

From the outside moving in, what is the first structure encountered on a bacterium?

Which of the following contributes to the ability of a bacterium to resist antibiotics?

Choose the following statement that does not describe viruses.

The lymphatic system will play a role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining a state of homeostasis.

All bacteria are pathogens.

What exist in some bacteria to prevent them from being destroyed by phagocytic white blood cells?

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

Which of the following is not a lymphatic organ?

The physician prescribed methicillin for Melissa's Staphylococcus infection. He explained to Melissa that certain bacteria such as the Gram positive forms are more sensitive to the "cillin" based drugs. The mode of action of the drug is to

Prions cause degenerative diseases of what system?

What are organisms that are capable of causing disease called?

What do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes do not?

Which of the following is not a beneficial contribution of bacteria to humans?

In what way are lymphatic vessels unlike veins in the cardiovascular system?

A prion consists of

What is the name of the lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines?

Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system?

Lymph capillaries drain directly into the right lymphatic duct.

A bacterium that is shaped like a basketball would be called a(n)