Question 1

Which best describes the overall results of Stogdill's second survey when compared with his initial survey?
A) There was little to no difference in the findings.
B) Situational factors became less of a focus.
C) Was more balanced in its descriptions of the role of traits and leadership.
D) Personality played a larger role in leadership.
E) Was drastically different in its findings.

Accepted Answer

Stogdill's second survey was more balanced in its descriptions of the role of traits and leadership, indicating that situational factors were becoming a more important consideration in understanding effective leadership.

Question 2

Conducted two major surveys of research on the trait approach:
A) Stogdill
B) Judge et al.
C) Jung and Sosik
D) Zaccaro
E) Shankman and Allen

Accepted Answer

B  Stogdill conducted influential surveys in 1948 and 1974, and Judge et al. conducted a meta-analysis in 2002, both focusing on the trait approach to leadership.

Question 3

The Big Five consist of all the following factors, except:
A) Extraversion
B) Openness
C) Neuroticism
D) Conscientiousness
E) Authenticity

Accepted Answer

The Big Five personality traits consist of five factors: extraversion, openness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. There is no factor called "authenticity" in the Big Five personality model.

Question 4

In a major review in 1948, Stogdill suggested
A) No consistent set of traits differentiates leaders from nonleaders.
B) Leadership traits are independent of situation factors.
C) Extroversion is a definitive leadership trait.
D) A consistent set of traits differentiates leaders from nonleaders.
E) Inherent leadership traits play a large role in groups.

Accepted Answer

Stogdill's review concluded that there is no consistent set of traits that differentiate leaders from nonleaders. While there may be some traits that are commonly associated with leadership (such as charisma or intelligence), these are not consistently present in all leaders and may not be the most important factors in determining leadership effectiveness.

Question 5

During the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama demonstrated this trait extensively and brought public attention to its value as it relates to leadership.
A) Readiness
B) Vigor
C) Charisma
D) Drive
E) Capacity

Accepted Answer

The trait mentioned in the question is charisma, which is defined as having a compelling attractiveness or charm that can inspire devotion in others. Barack Obama was known for his charismatic personality and communication skills, which helped him connect with his audience and gain their trust and support.

Question 6

Conducted studies of social intelligence and its relationship to leadership:
A) Stogdill
B) Judge et al.
C) Jung and Sosik
D) Zaccaro
E) Shankman and Allen

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conducted studies of social intelligence and its...

Question 7

Being socially aware, possessing social acumen, practicing self-monitoring, and having the ability to decide on the best response for any given situation, then following through with said decision, are part of Zaccaro's definition of:
A) Problem-solving
B) Intelligence
C) Task knowledge
D) Cognitive ability
E) Social intelligence

Accepted Answer

The description matches the definition of social intelligence, which involves being aware of social cues, understanding social situations, and making effective decisions in those situations.

Question 8

The trait approach focuses on:
A) Follower-leader interaction
B) Role of the leader
C) Role of the follower
D) Role of the organization
E) Outcomes of leadership

Accepted Answer

The trait approach focuses on identifying the specific traits and characteristics that make a person a successful leader, therefore emphasizing the role of the leader.

Question 9

Shankman and Allen's (2002) model of emotionally intelligent leadership suggests leaders must take into account these three fundamental facets of leadership:
A) Context, self, and others
B) Referent power, expert power, and legitimate power
C) Desire for power, desire to help others, and desire to win
D) Determination, integrity, and sociability
E) Traits, styles, and behaviors

Accepted Answer

Shankman and Allen's model of emotionally intelligent leadership focuses on three fundamental facets of leadership- context, self, and others. This model emphasizes that leaders need to be aware of their own emotions and those of others and understand the context in which they are leading in order to be effective. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. The other options do not reflect the key aspects of emotionally intelligent leadership emphasized in this model.

Question 10

The trait approach is criticized for its failure to take __________ into consideration.
A) Emotional intelligence
B) Personality
C) Differences in leaders
D) Situations
E) Role of the leader

Accepted Answer

The trait approach focuses solely on the personality traits of the leader and ignores the role that situational factors may play in influencing their effectiveness.

Question 11

Of the Big Five personality factors, which is the most strongly associated with leadership?
A) Openness
B) Emotional intelligence
C) Social status
D) Extraversion
E) Neuroticism

Accepted Answer

Extraversion is the most strongly associated with leadership as extraverts tend to be outgoing, assertive, and confident, qualities that are often seen as valuable for leadership positions.

Question 12

Found a strong relationship between the Big Five traits and leadership:
A) Stogdill
B) Judge et al.
C) Jung and Sosik
D) Zaccaro
E) Shankman and Allen

Accepted Answer

Judge et al. (2002) found a strong relationship between the Big Five personality traits and leadership. Specifically, they found that extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to experience were positively related to leadership effectiveness, while neuroticism was negatively related. Agreeableness showed no consistent relationship with leadership effectiveness.

Question 13

Found several consistent traits among charismatic leaders:
A) Stogdill
B) Judge et al.
C) Jung and Sosik
D) Zaccaro
E) Shankman and Allen

Accepted Answer

Jung and Sosik found several consistent traits among charismatic leaders, including vision, passion and self-confidence, strong values, and the ability to inspire others.

Question 14

Emotional intelligence includes our ability to perceive and
A) Express emotions
B) Use emotions to facilitate thinking
C) Reason/understand emotions
D) Manage emotions within oneself
E) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence includes all of the above components - our ability to perceive, express, use, reason/understand, and manage emotions within oneself. It is the combination of these skills that enables individuals to navigate emotional experiences and interactions effectively.

Question 15

The following traits are associated with charismatic leadership:
A) Intelligence, self-confidence
B) Physical attractiveness, height
C) Desire for power, desire to help others
D) Self-monitoring, impression management
E) Charisma, diligence

Accepted Answer

Charismatic leaders often engage in self-monitoring and impression management to influence and inspire others effectively.

Question 16

Mary has managed the mailroom for 2 years. Management views Mary as a person with special leadership talent, such as intelligence, sociability, and determination. What approach is management using in assessing Mary?
A) Trait approach
B) Attributions approach
C) Styles approach
D) Managerial grid approach
E) Skills approach

Accepted Answer

The trait approach is used to assess individuals based on their personal traits and characteristics, such as intelligence, sociability, and determination. In this case, management is using the trait approach to assess Mary's leadership potential.

Question 17

A manager arrives an hour early to work every day and is always completing his task early, as well as constantly striving for excellence within the organization. Which two traits best represent the manager?
A) Articulate and self-confident
B) Dependable and diligent
C) Trustworthy and perceptive
D) Self-confident and empathetic
E) Friendly and sensitive

Accepted Answer

The manager's consistently arriving early and completing tasks early shows dependability and diligence. The other traits listed do not necessarily apply based on the given information.

Question 18

Research related to the trait approach has:
A) Been a newer area of research.
B) Been around for over 100 years.
C) Not been a focus of researchers until recently.
D) Consisted of very few known models and studies.
E) Been heavily influenced by other approaches.

Accepted Answer

The trait approach has been around for over 100 years, with early pioneers such as Gordon Allport and Raymond Cattell.

Question 19

Developed a model of emotionally intelligent leadership:
A) Stogdill
B) Judge et al.
C) Jung and Sosik
D) Zaccaro
E) Shankman and Allen

Accepted Answer

Shankman and Allen developed the model of emotionally intelligent leadership.

Question 20

Emotional intelligence has to do with two different domains and the interplay between them. Those two domains are:
A) Task and process
B) Mind and body
C) Affective and cognitive
D) Traits and styles
E) Effective and reflective

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence involves both affective (emotional) and cognitive domains. It involves understanding and managing one's own emotions as well as the emotions of others, as well as utilizing emotions to guide thought and behavior.

Quiz 2: Trait Approach

Which best describes the overall results of Stogdill's second survey when compared with his initial survey?

Conducted two major surveys of research on the trait approach:

The Big Five consist of all the following factors, except:

In a major review in 1948, Stogdill suggested

During the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama demonstrated this trait extensively and brought public attention to its value as it relates to leadership.

Conducted studies of social intelligence and its relationship to leadership:

Being socially aware, possessing social acumen, practicing self-monitoring, and having the ability to decide on the best response for any given situation, then following through with said decision, are part of Zaccaro's definition of:

The trait approach focuses on:

Shankman and Allen's (2002) model of emotionally intelligent leadership suggests leaders must take into account these three fundamental facets of leadership:

The trait approach is criticized for its failure to take __________ into consideration.

Of the Big Five personality factors, which is the most strongly associated with leadership?

Found a strong relationship between the Big Five traits and leadership:

Found several consistent traits among charismatic leaders:

Emotional intelligence includes our ability to perceive and

The following traits are associated with charismatic leadership:

Mary has managed the mailroom for 2 years. Management views Mary as a person with special leadership talent, such as intelligence, sociability, and determination. What approach is management using in assessing Mary?

A manager arrives an hour early to work every day and is always completing his task early, as well as constantly striving for excellence within the organization. Which two traits best represent the manager?

Research related to the trait approach has:

Developed a model of emotionally intelligent leadership:

Emotional intelligence has to do with two different domains and the interplay between them. Those two domains are: