Question 1

What percentage of an adult's body weight consists of water?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of water declines to 50% to 60% in adults.

Question 2

The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the:

Accepted Answer

The fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the extracellular compartment.

Question 3

When assessing a patient with respiratory alkalosis,the nurse expects to see:

Accepted Answer

Tetany and muscle weakness,tachypnea,and cardiac arrhythmias are symptomatic of respiratory alkalosis.

Question 4

The lactating mother is counseled by the nurse to eat adequate amounts of meat and legumes to increase her level of:

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus should be increased during pregnancy and lactation.

Question 5

When a patient takes substances into the body,they first enter the extracellular compartment.However,to carry out their function they must enter the:

Accepted Answer

To carry out their function,substances must enter the cell.

Question 6

The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing as a simple and accurate method of determining:

Accepted Answer

A simple and accurate method of determining water balance is to weigh the patient under the same conditions each day.

Question 7

The nurse explains to a patient that the drug Lasix reduces edema by drawing water from the interstitial space into the intravascular space.This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.

Question 8

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body.The location of electrolytes is important for maintaining homeostasis.Sodium is the major electrolyte in which fluid compartment?

Accepted Answer

Sodium is the major extracellular electrolyte.

Question 9

Electrolytes are not measured by weight; their electrical activity is expressed in milliequivalents.The nurse clarifies that 1 milliequivalent of potassium has the same combining power as 1 milliequivalent of:

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes are measured in milliequivalents: 1 milliequivalent of any electrolyte is equal to 1 milliequivalent of hydrogen.

Question 10

When reading the lab report of a patient with excessive diarrhea,the nurse notes that the pH is 7.10,and the PaCO₂ and the PaO₂ are normal.From this information alone,the nurse assesses the patient to be in:

Accepted Answer

The profile of a patient in metabolic acidosis is that the blood pH will be below 7.35 and the oxygen readings are within normal limits.

Question 11

The nurse instructs a patient that his inhaled oxygen moved into the intravascular compartment by a process called:

Accepted Answer

Passive transport occurs when the patient inhales oxygen into the lungs,with the oxygen passing by diffusion into the intravascular compartment.

Question 12

Actively transporting electrolytes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration requires:

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes are moved by hydrostatic pressure,which is a form of active transport.

Question 13

When administering intravenous (IV)fluids,the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult.Dehydration can become lethal if the patient loses:

Accepted Answer

A loss of 20% of body fluid in an adult is fatal.

Question 14

Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal.The order of effectiveness for these three systems is:

Accepted Answer

The three systems are blood buffers,lungs,and kidneys.The blood buffers' speed is a fraction of a second,the lungs take minutes,and the kidneys take hours to days.

Question 15

As the nurse assesses the edematous cardiac patient,she is aware that the condition is a result of retained fluid and the patient is:

Accepted Answer

Hypernatremia is a greater-than-normal concentration of sodium,which leads to retained fluids and edema.

Question 16

Homeostasis of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids depends on the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid,which is:

Accepted Answer

The ratio needed for homeostasis is 1 part carbonic acid to 20 parts bicarbonate.

Question 17

The nurse closely assesses a patient with hypokalemia for:

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia can affect cardiac function.

Question 18

After assessing a calcium level of 6.2 mEq/L,the nurse modifies the care plan for the immobilized patient to include observation for possible:

Accepted Answer

Hypercalcemia occurs when calcium levels exceed 5.8 mEq/L.It may occur when calcium stored in the bone enters the circulation,for example,in patients who are immobilized.Renal calculi may develop because of high levels of calcium.

Question 19

The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis.The recommended daily amount of water for an adult is about:

Accepted Answer

Daily water intake and output is about 2500 mL in the adult.

Question 20

The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency.In order for the kidneys to remove waste,they must produce an hourly urine output of at least:

Accepted Answer

The kidneys must excrete a minimum of 30 mL/hour to eliminate waste products.

Quiz 22: Fluids and Electrolytes

What percentage of an adult's body weight consists of water?

The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the:

When assessing a patient with respiratory alkalosis,the nurse expects to see:

The lactating mother is counseled by the nurse to eat adequate amounts of meat and legumes to increase her level of:

When a patient takes substances into the body,they first enter the extracellular compartment.However,to carry out their function they must enter the:

The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing as a simple and accurate method of determining:

The nurse explains to a patient that the drug Lasix reduces edema by drawing water from the interstitial space into the intravascular space.This process is called:

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body.The location of electrolytes is important for maintaining homeostasis.Sodium is the major electrolyte in which fluid compartment?

Electrolytes are not measured by weight; their electrical activity is expressed in milliequivalents.The nurse clarifies that 1 milliequivalent of potassium has the same combining power as 1 milliequivalent of:

When reading the lab report of a patient with excessive diarrhea,the nurse notes that the pH is 7.10,and the PaCO₂ and the PaO₂ are normal.From this information alone,the nurse assesses the patient to be in:

The nurse instructs a patient that his inhaled oxygen moved into the intravascular compartment by a process called:

Actively transporting electrolytes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration requires:

When administering intravenous (IV) fluids,the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult.Dehydration can become lethal if the patient loses:

Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal.The order of effectiveness for these three systems is:

As the nurse assesses the edematous cardiac patient,she is aware that the condition is a result of retained fluid and the patient is:

Homeostasis of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids depends on the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid,which is:

The nurse closely assesses a patient with hypokalemia for:

After assessing a calcium level of 6.2 mEq/L,the nurse modifies the care plan for the immobilized patient to include observation for possible:

The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis.The recommended daily amount of water for an adult is about:

The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency.In order for the kidneys to remove waste,they must produce an hourly urine output of at least:

Quiz 22: Fluids and Electrolytes

What percentage of an adult's body weight consists of water?

The nurse uses a diagram to show that fluids in the interstitial and intravascular compartments are combined to form the:

When assessing a patient with respiratory alkalosis,the nurse expects to see:

The lactating mother is counseled by the nurse to eat adequate amounts of meat and legumes to increase her level of:

When a patient takes substances into the body,they first enter the extracellular compartment.However,to carry out their function they must enter the:

The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing as a simple and accurate method of determining:

The nurse explains to a patient that the drug Lasix reduces edema by drawing water from the interstitial space into the intravascular space.This process is called:

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body.The location of electrolytes is important for maintaining homeostasis.Sodium is the major electrolyte in which fluid compartment?

Electrolytes are not measured by weight; their electrical activity is expressed in milliequivalents.The nurse clarifies that 1 milliequivalent of potassium has the same combining power as 1 milliequivalent of:

When reading the lab report of a patient with excessive diarrhea,the nurse notes that the pH is 7.10,and the PaCO2 and the PaO2 are normal.From this information alone,the nurse assesses the patient to be in:

The nurse instructs a patient that his inhaled oxygen moved into the intravascular compartment by a process called:

Actively transporting electrolytes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration requires:

When administering intravenous (IV) fluids,the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult.Dehydration can become lethal if the patient loses:

Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal.The order of effectiveness for these three systems is:

As the nurse assesses the edematous cardiac patient,she is aware that the condition is a result of retained fluid and the patient is:

Homeostasis of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids depends on the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid,which is:

The nurse closely assesses a patient with hypokalemia for:

After assessing a calcium level of 6.2 mEq/L,the nurse modifies the care plan for the immobilized patient to include observation for possible:

The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis.The recommended daily amount of water for an adult is about:

The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency.In order for the kidneys to remove waste,they must produce an hourly urine output of at least:

When reading the lab report of a patient with excessive diarrhea,the nurse notes that the pH is 7.10,and the PaCO₂ and the PaO₂ are normal.From this information alone,the nurse assesses the patient to be in: