Question 1

Predictive validity is best defined as

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the extent to which a test score can predict future performance in a related domain. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate description of predictive validity. Option A refers to construct validity, option B refers to test-retest reliability, and option D refers to criterion-related validity.

Question 2

Owen responded to an ad for a bulldozer driver and he is now sitting in a waiting room full of other applicants,completing a quick survey that they gave him.Although this job is for a driver,the survey is asking him all about his religious beliefs and practices.What is wrong with this survey?

Accepted Answer

The survey is asking about religious beliefs and practices, which have no relevance to the job of a bulldozer driver. Therefore, it has low content validity, as it is not measuring the relevant skills or qualities needed for the job.

Question 3

If scores on your written driver's test correlate with a test of your actual driving ability,the written test would probably have ___.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If scores on your written driver's test...

Question 4

Dr.Lantas surveyed the students in his class for their ages.He found that,of 35 students,5 were 20 years old,6 were 21 years old,15 were 22,4 were 23,and 2 were 24 years old.What was the mode age of the class?

Accepted Answer

The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set. In this case, the age that appears most frequently is 22, with 15 students being 22 years old.

Question 5

If a human resource officer gives perspective employees a test to help them decide if they would have the ability to perform a specific job,what attribute of the test should they be most concerned with?

Accepted Answer

The attribute that the human resource officer should be most concerned with is validity. Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure. In this case, the test should measure the ability of the perspective employees to perform a specific job. If the test is not valid, it will not accurately predict their ability to perform the job, and the hiring process may be less effective. Standardization is important to ensure fairness and equal treatment of all applicants. Reliability refers to the consistency of the test results and is also important, but validity is more essential in this case. Criterion norming is a type of validation strategy that involves comparing test scores to external criteria, but it is not directly relevant to the HR officer's goal of assessing job performance ability.

Question 6

The difference between content validity and predictive validity is that content validity refers to how ___ and predictive validity refers to how ___.

Accepted Answer

Content validity is about how well a test measures what it's supposed to measure, while predictive validity is about the test's ability to predict future successes or outcomes.

Question 7

Olivia is about to write the MCATs and she is extremely nervous.She understands some medical schools place a lot of importance on these results as they're supposed to predict how well each student will do in medical school.If this is true,one would have to say that the MCATs have high

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the degree to which a test score can predict future performance in a related field or area. In this case, if medical schools are using the MCATs to predict how well students will do in medical school, then the MCATs have high predictive validity.

Question 8

Omar took a personality test and it said he was extraverted.His family was surprised by this result,so he took the test again.This time,the same test said that he was introverted.What is the problem with the personality test that Omar took?

Accepted Answer

The problem with the personality test that Omar took is low reliability, as it produced different results when taken multiple times. Reliability refers to the consistency of test results.

Question 9

Leen is about to write the GREs (Graduate Record Examination)as a prerequisite for getting into graduate school.She is extremely nervous about how she will do here,because she knows that the graduate schools really look at your scores on the GREs and use it to sift through applicants that are likely to succeed (or NOT)in graduate school.If this assumption made by graduate schools is correct,one would have to say that the GRE has high

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the extent to which scores on a test can predict future performance. If graduate schools use the GRE scores to sift through applicants who are more likely to succeed, this implies that the test has predictive validity. Therefore, option C is the best choice. Reliability refers to the consistency of scores over time and standardization refers to the consistent administration and scoring of the test. Content validity refers to the extent to which a test measures the intended construct or domain. While these are important qualities of a good test, they do not directly address the use of the GRE in predicting success in graduate school.

Question 10

Daniyar gave a quiz to five students in his small lab section.They obtained the following scores: 32,65,75,85,and 100.What is the median score?

Accepted Answer

The median of a set of numbers is the middle value when the numbers are arranged in order. In this case, the numbers arranged in order are: 32, 65, 75, 85, 100. The middle number is 75, so that is the median score.

Question 11

What is the difference between reliability and validity?

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency in test scores over time or across different scorers, while validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure. Therefore, option D is the best choice as it accurately defines both reliability and validity. Option A is incorrect because it conflates validity with criterion-related validity. Option B is incorrect because it refers to predictive validity, which is only one type of validity. Option C is incorrect because it refers to test-retest reliability, a specific type of reliability, and does not address validity.

Question 12

Reliability is best defined as

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of test scores over repeated administrations or by different administrators. Option B refers to the degree to which a test produces the same scores over and over again, making it the best choice for defining reliability. Option A defines validity, option C defines standardization, and option D describes norming.

Question 13

The difference between reliability and validity is that reliability is ___ and validity is ___.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency in test scores over time, meaning that if someone were to take the same test multiple times, they should receive relatively similar scores. Validity, on the other hand, refers to the extent to which a test measures what it says it measures. This means that a valid test should accurately assess an individual's abilities in the area it is meant to measure.

Question 14

When high scores on an intelligence test successfully predict high grades later in life,the test has

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the ability of a test to predict future outcomes or behaviors. In this case, the high scores on an intelligence test successfully predicting high grades later in life shows that the test has predictive validity. Reliability refers to consistency of scores, content validity refers to the extent to which a test measures the intended construct, and good standardization refers to the process of administering and scoring a test consistently across all participants. While these are all important qualities for a test to have, they do not necessarily guarantee that the test has predictive validity.

Question 15

In a normal distribution,

Accepted Answer

In a normal distribution, the mean, median, and mode are all equal. This is because the normal distribution is symmetrical around the mean, and the mean is the point at which the distribution is balanced. Therefore, the median (the middle value) and the mode (the most common value) are also located at the same point as the mean.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about validity?

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to whether a test measures what it is supposed to measure, and is separate from reliability. Standardization can help with reliability, but is not directly related to validity. A normal distribution is also not a necessary condition for validity.

Question 17

What is the difference between content validity and predictive validity?

Accepted Answer

Content validity is about the extent to which a test represents the entire range of possible items the test should cover. Predictive validity, on the other hand, is about how well a test can predict outcomes in the future, such as academic success or job performance.

Question 18

The mathematical average of a set of scores is called the

Accepted Answer

The mathematical average is commonly known as the mean, which is calculated by adding up all the scores in a set and dividing the sum by the number of scores. The mode refers to the most frequently occurring score, while the median is the middle score when the set is ordered from lowest to highest. Normal distribution refers to a specific bell-shaped curve often used in statistics. Therefore, the correct choice is C - mean.

Question 19

Dr.Singh is trying to construct a new test to measure motivation.A colleague looks at some of the questions and asks,"What do these have to do with motivation? They look more like they measure creativity." The colleague is complaining that the test lacks

Accepted Answer

The colleague's comment suggests that the questions in the test do not seem to be related to the construct of motivation but rather to creativity. This indicates a lack of validity in the test, meaning that it may not be measuring what it is intended to measure. Therefore, choice D - validity - is the best answer.

Question 20

Tatsuki's score on the intelligence test he took today is 120.He is very surprised because last time he took the same test he got a score of only 80.What is the problem with the intelligence test Tatsuki took?

Accepted Answer

A high difference between scores on the same test taken at different times indicates low test-retest reliability. Therefore, the problem with the intelligence test Tatsuki took is low reliability.

Quiz 10: Intelligence