Question 1

Dr.Boatwright asks a client to interpret a series of drawings that show scenes of people.Which of the following tests is she administering?

Accepted Answer

The TAT (Thematic Apperception Test) involves showing a series of pictures and asking the client to interpret them, often revealing their inner thoughts and feelings. The other tests listed do not involve interpreting drawings or pictures.

Question 2

Who is most likely to become aroused?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that women, regardless of their sexual orientation, tend to become aroused by a wide range of sexual stimuli, including heterosexual, homosexual, and even non-human sexual activities. However, straight women tend to be more specifically attracted to emotional intimacy, so watching gay male sex in an erotic context where there is an emotional connection may be more appealing to them than other options listed.

Question 3

Tamesha is motivated by mastery goals to learn to play the piano.Tamesha is likely to

Accepted Answer

Tamesha's motivation is driven by mastery goals, which means she is focused on developing and improving her skills rather than worrying about external validation or avoiding criticism. Therefore, she is likely to feel intrinsic pleasure in her piano playing skills as she progresses and improves her abilities.

Question 4

Tate is motivated by performance goals.Tate is likely to

Accepted Answer

Individuals who are motivated by performance goals are often driven by the desire to avoid failure and criticism. As a result, Tate is likely to make an effort to avoid criticism.

Question 5

Dr.Grossman administers a TAT in order to assess the achievement motivation of a client.Which of the following describes this procedure?

Accepted Answer

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective test in which the client is shown a series of drawings that depict scenes of people. The client is then asked to tell a story about each picture, including the events leading up to the scene, the emotions of the individuals in the picture, and the outcome of the events portrayed. This test is used to assess the client's achievement motivation, which is the degree to which they are motivated to achieve success and strive for excellence. Option A is describing the Rorschach inkblot test, Option C is describing the Picture Arrangement Test, and Option D is describing the Picture Completion Test, which are all different types of projective tests.

Question 6

For a goal to improve motivation and performance,it should meet all of the following conditions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A goal should be learning-oriented rather than performance-oriented to improve motivation and performance, as focusing on learning encourages growth and development.

Question 7

_______________ involve the effort to avoid unpleasant experiences.

Accepted Answer

Avoidance goals involve the effort to avoid or prevent unpleasant experiences. Performance goals, mastery goals, and learning goals all involve a focus on achieving positive outcomes or improving oneself in some way.

Question 8

Research supports the theory that homosexuality

Accepted Answer

Research has not been able to definitively identify the precise causes of homosexuality, and many theories about its origins have been discredited. There is no evidence to support the ideas that homosexuality is caused by a particular parenting style, such as having a smothering mother or absent father, or that it results from being seduced by an older adult.

Question 9

David McClelland used a variation on the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)to measure

Accepted Answer

David McClelland used a variation of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) to measure motivation to achieve, which is the desire to take on challenges, make an effort towards goals, and persist in the face of obstacles. The TAT requires individuals to create stories in response to ambiguous pictures, and McClelland's variation focused on themes related to achievement, such as success, performance, and recognition.

Question 10

Professor Batsell notices that one of his students seems to frame her participation in the course in terms of being judged favorably by fellow students and avoiding his criticism.It is likely that the student

Accepted Answer

The student's emphasis on being judged favorably by fellow students and avoiding criticism suggests a focus on performance goals, which are centered on achieving positive evaluations from others rather than personal growth or learning for its own sake. This contrasts with mastery goals, which prioritize intrinsic pleasure in the material and a desire to improve and develop skills. The other choices (A, C, and D) all suggest a focus on mastery goals rather than performance goals.

Question 11

__________ goals are goals framed in terms of avoiding criticism and being judged favorably.

Accepted Answer

Performance goals are centered around achieving success to gain approval or avoid failure and criticism. Approach goals focus on attaining positive outcomes, mastery goals prioritize personal development and improvement, and learning goals emphasize gaining knowledge and skills.

Question 12

_______________ are positive experiences that you seek directly.

Accepted Answer

Approach goals are positive experiences that individuals seek directly, such as pleasure, personal growth, and achievement. Performance goals (B) focus on achieving a specific outcome or demonstrating competence. Mastery goals (C) focus on improving one's skills or abilities. Learning goals (D) focus on gaining knowledge or understanding.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the conditions likely to improve motivation and performance?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that framing goals in terms of what we want to achieve or gain (rather than what we want to avoid) is more effective for motivation and performance. Therefore, option B is not likely to improve motivation and performance.

Question 14

Charlie and Charlotte are learning to ski.Every time she falls,Charlotte says,"This is the most humiliating experience I've ever had! Everyone is watching me behave like a clumsy dolt!" When Charlie falls he says,"Well,that sure isn't the way to turn on these things,I better try another way." Why is Charlotte more likely than Charlie to give up?

Accepted Answer

Charlotte is focusing on the perception of others (performance) and is worried about how she appears to others. This can lead to a fear of failure and giving up. Charlie, on the other hand, is focusing on learning and improving (mastery), which can lead to a growth mindset and persistence in the face of challenges.

Question 15

More than a dozen studies have found that the probability of a man's becoming gay rises significantly according to the number of older brothers he has.The reason for this "brother effect" appears to be

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that a woman's body may develop an immune response to certain male-specific proteins during pregnancy, especially after carrying a male fetus. This immune response can affect the development of subsequent male fetuses, potentially altering their sexual orientation. This phenomenon is known as the maternal immune hypothesis.

Question 16

Research suggests which approach to parenting and teaching is most likely to develop children who choose performance goals?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research suggests which approach to parenting and...

Question 17

__________ goals are goals framed in terms of increasing one's competence and skills.

Accepted Answer

Mastery goals focus on developing one's competence and skills, rather than just achieving a specific outcome (performance goal) or avoiding failure (avoidance goal). Approach goals refer to goals focused on moving toward a positive outcome, whereas avoidance goals focus on avoiding a negative outcome. Therefore, the best choice is C, mastery goals, as it specifically relates to increasing competence and skills.

Question 18

Evan wants to earn a black belt in karate.Which way of thinking is most likely to help Evan reach his goal?

Accepted Answer

Setting specific goals that are tough but attainable will challenge Evan to push himself and work hard towards earning his black belt. This mindset will help him focus on continuous improvement and developing his skills, rather than just trying to avoid losses or taking the easy route.

Question 19

Lance is participating in a replication of a study described in your textbook.In it,Lance is exposed to the odor of an estrogen-like compound found in women's urine.If Lance is a homosexual male,what changes in brain activity should be expected?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lance is participating in a replication of...

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of an avoidance goal?

Accepted Answer

An avoidance goal involves trying to avoid or prevent a negative outcome or consequence, such as trying not to make a fool of oneself. Seeking a favorable work evaluation, learning to scuba dive, and mastering a new language are examples of approach goals, which involve pursuing a positive outcome or reward.

Quiz 14: The Major Motives of Life: Food, Love, Sex, and Work