Question 1

What mechanisms are used to express the behavioural component of emotion?

Accepted Answer

All of these mechanisms (facial expression, gestures, and body posture) are used to express the behavioural component of emotion. Facial expression is the most commonly studied mechanism and includes movements of the muscles around the eyes, mouth, and eyebrows. Gestures, such as hand and arm movements, can also convey emotional states, while body posture, including things like slumping or standing tall, can also communicate emotions to others.

Question 2

What assumption is central to the idea that physiological reactions to stimuli can be used to assess emotional experiences?

Accepted Answer

The assumption central to the idea that physiological reactions can be used to assess emotional experiences is that different emotions result in different physiological reactions. This is based on the idea that the autonomic nervous system responds differently when experiencing different emotions, such as increased heart rate when fearful versus decreased heart rate when relaxed.

Question 3

Georgia was confused because she associated the increased heart rate that she experienced while watching a television drama as excitement whereas the increased heart rate that she experienced while taking a test was labelled as fear.What factor describes how the same bodily reaction can be interpreted differently in terms of the situational context?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive component refers to how we interpret and give meaning to bodily reactions based on the situational context. Georgia associated her increased heart rate while watching a television drama as excitement because she interpreted it as such, whereas she labelled the increased heart rate while taking a test as fear. This demonstrates how the same physiological response can be interpreted differently based on the cognitive component.

Question 4

What is the difference between the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which prepares the body for action in response to stress or danger. It increases heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure. On the other hand, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "rest and digest" response, which helps the body return to its normal state after a stressful event. It decreases heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure. The two systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body.

Question 5

Meng-Tzu was proud that her job assessment went well.She went to dinner and started thinking about how she was incredibly successful at work and that her co-workers all loved her.What component of emotion is being utilized with Meng-Tzu's subjective appraisal of her feelings and environment?

Accepted Answer

Meng-Tzu's subjective appraisal of her feelings and environment involves the cognitive component of emotion, as she is processing and interpreting the situation in a way that affects her emotions.

Question 6

Rupert felt ashamed when his speech did NOT go as planned.He went home and started thinking about what a failure he was,and how the audience acted hostile toward him.What component of emotion was he utilizing with his subjective appraisal of his feelings and environment?

Accepted Answer

Rupert's thinking and evaluation of his situation is cognitive in nature, as he is appraising his own emotions and the environment around him.

Question 7

Elodie is about to give her first presentation in university to her second-year psychology class.Her heart is racing,her palms are all sweaty,and she has absolutely no saliva in her mouth.When she starts to speak,she notices that her voice is shaking and then she feels her face turning hot and red.Which component of emotion is displayed in this example?

Accepted Answer

The physiological component of emotion is displayed in this example. Elodie's racing heart, sweaty palms, and dry mouth are all physical responses to her anxiety and fear of public speaking.

Question 8

While listening to a news story about the ongoing government efforts in the Middle East,Amelia frowned and slumped her shoulders.What emotion was she expressing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of While listening to a news story about...

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the six fundamental emotions that participants can typically identify in others?

Accepted Answer

The six fundamental emotions that participants can typically identify in others are happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust. Embarrassment is not considered one of the fundamental emotions, although it may be a blend of several of them.

Question 10

Most specifically,what part of the human nervous system is responsible for returning the body to its normal state?

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for returning the body to its normal state by counteracting the effects of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for triggering the fight-or-flight response. The parasympathetic nervous system slows down the heart rate, lowers blood pressure, and promotes relaxation and digestion.

Question 11

William is looking at photographs of a man from the Fore tribe in New Guinea who is making different facial expressions.Which of the following is likely true about William's ability to identify the facial expressions?

Accepted Answer

The six fundamental emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust) are believed to be universal and identifiable across cultures. Therefore, it is likely that William would be able to identify these emotions in the facial expressions of the man from the Fore tribe.

Question 12

According to research by Ekman,there are six fundamental emotions.Which of the following is NOT one of these six emotions?

Accepted Answer

The six fundamental emotions according to Ekman are happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust. Curiosity is not one of the emotions recognized by Ekman.

Question 13

As Victor is getting ready to give his valedictorian speech he finds he is perspiring,breathing rapidly,and his mouth is so dry he can barely swallow.Victor is experiencing the ___ component of emotion.

Accepted Answer

The physiological component of emotion involves the physical sensations that are associated with an emotional state, such as sweating, increased heart rate, and dry mouth. Victor is experiencing these physical symptoms as he prepares to give his speech, suggesting that the correct answer is A) physiological.

Question 14

What emotional response is associated with clenched teeth and furrowed eye brows?

Accepted Answer

Clenched teeth and furrowed eyebrows are physical indications of anger.

Question 15

Which of the following activities is/are related to the physiological component of emotion?

Accepted Answer

All three activities, body temperature, respiration, and pupil dilation, are related to the physiological component of emotion. Body temperature and respiration are both controlled by the autonomic nervous system and can change in response to emotional arousal. Pupil dilation, which is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, can also increase in response to emotional arousal.

Question 16

What is the difference in the ability of members from a remote tribe to identify emotions from looking at photographs of facial expressions compared to people from Western society?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the ability to identify emotions from facial expressions is a universal human trait. Members of remote tribes, who have had limited exposure to people from outside their community, have been found to be equally accurate in identifying emotions from photographs of facial expressions as people from Western societies. This suggests that the ability to recognize emotions from facial expressions is innate and not significantly influenced by cultural differences.

Question 17

Maja hears a funny joke and laughs until her eyes water and her cheeks are sore.Which component of emotion is displayed in this example?

Accepted Answer

The behavioural component of emotion refers to the outward expression of emotions, such as laughing when hearing a funny joke.

Question 18

Following a flood,Jane was worried that desperate looters were going to attack her when they saw that she was carrying food and water.As a result,her sympathetic nervous system required her to take swift action for survival by running away quickly.What response is occurring here?

Accepted Answer

The response that is occurring in this situation is known as the fight-or-flight response, which is activated by the sympathetic nervous system during a perceived threat or danger. In this case, Jane is perceiving the potential danger of looters and her sympathetic nervous system is causing her to take action to run away quickly for survival.

Question 19

Navaeh participated in a study in which she was asked to describe her reactions to a short film using words that describe emotions such as cheerful,angry,and timid.What approach was being used to measure her emotional experience?

Accepted Answer

The approach being used to measure Navaeh's emotional experience is self-report, as she was asked to directly describe her emotional reactions to the short film using words that describe emotions.

Question 20

Most specifically,what part of the human nervous system is responsible for producing the physical manifestations of anxiety?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the physical manifestations of anxiety, such as increased heart rate, sweating, and heightened arousal. It is a part of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary bodily functions.

Quiz 11: Motivation and Emotion