Question 1

All of the following are punishments for juveniles found guilty of a criminal offense except:

Accepted Answer

Supermax prisons are not an appropriate punishment for juveniles as they are meant for high-security adult offenders. Juveniles are typically placed in rehabilitation programs and facilities to address their behavior and prevent future offending.

Question 2

All of the following are true of Zebulon Brockway except:

Accepted Answer

Zebulon Brockway is actually known for implementing and advancing the indeterminate sentencing system, not the determinate sentencing system. The indeterminate sentencing system allows for the release of prisoners based on their rehabilitation progress, rather than serving a fixed term.

Question 3

Which prison is an example of a supermax prison?

Accepted Answer

Pelican Bay is a well-known supermax prison located in California. It is designed to house the most dangerous and disruptive inmates who have a history of violence or gang affiliations. The facility uses strict control measures, including 23-hour lockdowns and limited social interaction, to maintain order and prevent escapes. Sing Sing and Stateville are maximum-security prisons, but they are not classified as supermax prisons. Alcatraz, on the other hand, was a federal prison that closed in 1963 and is not relevant to modern-day supermax facilities.

Question 4

Why is it important for wardens to manage gang violence in their prisons?

Accepted Answer

Gang activity is responsible for most prison crime, including violence, drug trafficking, and extortion. Managing gang violence is essential for maintaining a safe and secure prison environment for both inmates and staff.

Question 5

High-security federal prisons are called

Accepted Answer

The answer of High-security federal prisons are called
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Question 6

Correctional officers are specifically trained to use offensive or defensive physical contact against inmates.

Accepted Answer

Correctional officers undergo specialized training that includes the use of physical force, both offensive and defensive, to maintain order and safety within prisons and jails.

Question 7

The Great Depression curtailed __________ but not __________.

Accepted Answer

The Great Depression curtailed prison industries, which suffered from a lack of demand for their goods/services, but not prison building, which actually saw an increase in construction due to federal public works programs aimed at providing employment. Option A is incorrect because crime rates actually increased during the Great Depression. Option B is incorrect because punishment (in the form of imprisonment) was still being used to address crime. Option D is incorrect because while prison industries may have suffered, prison building did not.

Question 8

Which penitentiary was based on the recommendations of the National Congress on Penitentiary and Reformatory Discipline?

Accepted Answer

The Elmira Adult Reformatory was based on the recommendations of the National Congress on Penitentiary and Reformatory Discipline, focusing on rehabilitation and reform rather than just punishment.

Question 9

All of the following factors contributed to the increased inmate population in the United States in the late 1990s except:

Accepted Answer

Contrary to popular belief, crime rates in the United States began to decrease in the 1990s. This means that increasing crime rates were not a contributing factor to the increased inmate population during this time. Factors such as the war on drugs, targeting repeat offenders, and mandatory sentencing did contribute to the increase.

Question 10

Which type of facility holds both violent and nonviolent offenders?

Accepted Answer

Medium security facilities typically house both violent and nonviolent offenders, offering a balance of security and rehabilitative programs.

Question 11

Which act essentially eliminated prison labor?

Accepted Answer

The Ashurst-Sumners Act, also known as the Convict Labor Act, essentially eliminated the use of prison labor for commercial purposes. It prohibited interstate transportation of goods made by prison labor and restricted the sale of prison-made goods in the United States.

Question 12

Which program produced southern prison plantations and the state-use system?

Accepted Answer

The southern prison plantations and state-use system were produced by the convict leasing program, which allowed states to lease out prisoners to private companies for labor. This program was prevalent in the South after the Civil War and was a way for companies to obtain cheap labor. The prisoners would work on plantations or in other industries, often under terrible conditions. This system perpetuated the exploitation of prisoners and contributed to the continuation of slavery in a different form.

Question 13

Which system did Zebulon Brockway use to classify prisoners?

Accepted Answer

Zebulon Brockway used the mark system to classify prisoners, which involved assigning points or marks based on an individual's behavior and progress towards reform while in prison.

Question 14

Which of the following is qualification to be a correctional officer in most states?

Accepted Answer

A high school diploma is a common requirement for becoming a correctional officer in most states. While some states may also require additional qualifications such as a medical exam, oral interview or personality assessment, a high school diploma is a foundational requirement  that is consistently required across most states.

Question 15

In the Walnut Street jail, __________ was the predominant system, while __________ was secondary.

Accepted Answer

According to the context of the sentence, the two systems mentioned are solitary confinement and classification. The sentence structure indicates that solitary confinement was the predominant system, while classification was secondary. Therefore, the correct choice is B.

Question 16

Which state would have most likely used prison plantations?

Accepted Answer

Southern states, such as Georgia, were most likely to have used prison plantations during the era of slavery and convict leasing. California, Wisconsin, and New York were not known for such practices.

Question 17

The U.S. Bureau of Prisons was created in the year

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Bureau of Prisons was established in 1930 to manage the federal prison system.

Question 18

Charles was a prisoner at Elmira Reformatory in 1887. Charles received daily mail, had extended hours at bedtime, and had access to books from the library. Charles was likely classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

First-grade prisoners at Elmira Reformatory were granted privileges such as receiving daily mail, extended hours at bedtime, and access to books from the library, indicating Charles was likely classified as a first-grade prisoner.

Question 19

Which penitentiary was known for its silent system?

Accepted Answer

The Auburn Penitentiary was known for its silent system, where inmates were required to work in complete silence and were subjected to strict discipline.

Question 20

Prison wardens generally have little influence over the policy decisions that affect a prison.

Accepted Answer

Prison wardens often play a significant role in shaping and implementing policies within their facilities, as they are responsible for the overall management and operation of the prison, including safety, security, inmate rehabilitation, and staff performance.

Quiz 12: An Introduction to Corrections: History, Structure, and Actors