Question 1

You can experience intentional and unintentional effects at the same time.

Accepted Answer

It is possible to experience intentional and unintentional effects simultaneously as these effects may overlap or occur simultaneously.

Question 2

Which of the following factors influence the media effects process?
A) Cognitive abilities
B) Sociological factors
C) Motivations
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above factors influence the media effects process. Cognitive abilities refer to the audience's ability to process and understand the media they consume. Sociological factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and culture can also shape the interpretation and impact of media messages. Motivations of the audience, such as their reasons for consuming media or their desire to be entertained or informed, can also influence the media effects process.

Question 3

Cognitive abilities have no influence on the way in which a person is affected by the media.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive abilities- including factors such as attention, memory, and processing speed- can impact the extent to which a person is influenced by media messages. Higher cognitive abilities may lead to more critical thinking and resistance to persuasive messages, while lower cognitive abilities may make a person more susceptible to media influence.

Question 4

Which of the following factors influence the media effects process?
A) Characteristics of a person
B) Characteristics of a message
C) Both characteristics of a person and characteristics of a message
D) Neither characteristics of a person nor characteristics of a message

Accepted Answer

Both characteristics of a person and characteristics of a message influence the media effects process. Characteristics of a person such as their demographics, attitudes, and beliefs can shape how they interpret and respond to media messages. Meanwhile, characteristics of a message such as its source, content, and format can determine how persuasive or impactful it is on audiences.

Question 5

It is possible to control the process of media effects in your life.

Accepted Answer

While we cannot control everything that we consume and encounter in the media, we can control our own media habits and choices. By being mindful of our media consumption and choosing to engage in positive and informative content, we can mitigate the potential negative effects and influence the media has on us.

Question 6

If we limit our attention to only manifested effects, we will greatly overestimate the degree of influence the media exert on us.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If we limit our attention to only...

Question 7

Media only seem to exert a negative influence on society.

Accepted Answer

While media can certainly have negative effects on society, it also has the power to inform, educate, and inspire. Media can be a platform for positive change and can bring attention to important issues. It is important to recognize the potential for both positive and negative influences of media on society.

Question 8

When the goals of the media are in conflict with your goals, it typically results in
A) intentional effects.
B) physiological-type effects.
C) negatively valenced effects.
D) contradictory effects.

Accepted Answer

When the goals of the media are in conflict with your goals, it typically results in negatively valenced effects, meaning that the impact on your emotions and behavior is negative. This can include feelings of frustration, anxiety, or anger when the media is promoting messages or values that conflict with your own personal values or interests.

Question 9

Intentional media effects refer to those effects that
A) individuals seek out to fulfill specific needs.
B) occur in the attentional state.
C) occur in the self-reflexive state.
D) have a positive valence.

Accepted Answer

Intentional media effects are effects that occur when individuals actively seek out media content in order to fulfill specific needs or goals. These effects are deliberate and purposeful rather than incidental or unconscious. Therefore, choice A is the best option as it captures this definition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe intentional media effects.

Question 10

Nicholas starts playing video games because he is bored over Christmas break. Eventually, he becomes addicted to the games and spends less and less time on his homework. This effect on his dedication to school work is
A) intentional and emotional type.
B) unintentional and behavioral type.
C) negative and attitudinal type.
D) negative and intentional.

Accepted Answer

Nicholas's decrease in dedication to his school work is unintentional and behavioral, meaning it is a result of his habits and behavior rather than a conscious decision or emotional response.

Question 11

Physiological-type effects are within our conscious control.

Accepted Answer

Physiological-type effects, such as heart rate or blood pressure, are not usually under our conscious control. They are part of the autonomic nervous system, which operates involuntarily. However, there are certain techniques such as deep breathing or meditation that can help to indirectly influence and regulate these physiological responses.

Question 12

What can we do to expand our media literacy regarding media effects?
A) Understand that effects are constantly occurring
B) Understand that the media work with other factors in our lives
C) Understand that you can control the effects process in your own life
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

In order to expand our media literacy regarding media effects, it is important to understand that effects are constantly occurring (A), that the media work with other factors in our lives (B), and that we can control the effects process in our own lives (C). Therefore, the best answer is D, all of the above.

Question 13

Long-term effects happen only after many exposures to media messages.

Accepted Answer

Long-term effects of media exposure typically occur after repeated or prolonged exposure to media messages.

Question 14

An immediate effect lasts only for a short period of time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An immediate effect lasts only for a...

Question 15

Unintentional media effects
A) only happen when we are in a state of automaticity.
B) can occur at the same time as intentional media effects.
C) are always negative.
D) are always long term.

Accepted Answer

Unintentional media effects can occur simultaneously with intentional media effects, meaning that the media can have both intended and unintended consequences. Unintentional effects are not always negative, and they can be short-term or long-term. The only incorrect statement is that unintentional effects only happen when we are in a state of automaticity, as they can occur regardless of whether we are consciously aware of them or not.

Question 16

To increase your media literacy you need to
A) recognize immediate effects.
B) recognize long-term effects.
C) consider what you have internalized from the media culture.
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

To truly increase your media literacy, you need to be able to recognize both immediate and long-term effects of media messages, as well as consider how the media culture has influenced and shaped your own beliefs and attitudes. Choosing only one or two of these options would limit the effectiveness of your efforts to become more media literate.

Question 17

The public and media critics are fixated on manifested effects.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that the public and media critics focus on observed or visible consequences rather than underlying causes or issues.

Question 18

Allison's parents taught her from an early age that happiness is not dependent on financial success. Because of this, her belief in the meaning of happiness is resistant to change. This is an example of which influence that can contribute to the media effects process?
A) Media exposure habits
B) Development maturities
C) Sociological factors
D) Arousal

Accepted Answer

Sociological factors refer to the impact of social and cultural contexts on the media effects process. Allison's upbringing and belief system are shaped by her sociological context, which influences her resistance to change in her beliefs about happiness. Media exposure habits, development maturities, and arousal may also contribute to the media effects process, but they do not directly relate to Allison's situation as described in the question.

Question 19

We are always in a process of being influenced by mass media messages.

Accepted Answer

Mass media includes various forms of communication like television, radio, newspapers, magazines, social media, and internet. They constantly bombard us with messages, images, and ideas that shape our perception, beliefs, and attitudes towards different issues. Therefore, we are always exposed to mass media messages, consciously or unconsciously, and they can influence us in many ways.

Question 20

Sandra reads The New York Times every day to stay informed about recent world affairs. Thus, for Sandra, the effect of becoming informed is A) cognitive type and intentional. B) attitudinal type and positive. C) intentional and long-term. D) cognitive type and unintentional.

Accepted Answer

Reading The New York Times to stay informed about recent world affairs is a deliberate action taken by Sandra to gain knowledge, which is a cognitive process. Since she reads intentionally to stay informed, the effect is both cognitive and intentional.

Quiz 8: Mass Media Effects

You can experience intentional and unintentional effects at the same time.

Which of the following factors influence the media effects process?

Cognitive abilities have no influence on the way in which a person is affected by the media.

Which of the following factors influence the media effects process?

It is possible to control the process of media effects in your life.

If we limit our attention to only manifested effects, we will greatly overestimate the degree of influence the media exert on us.

Media only seem to exert a negative influence on society.

When the goals of the media are in conflict with your goals, it typically results in

Intentional media effects refer to those effects that

Nicholas starts playing video games because he is bored over Christmas break. Eventually, he becomes addicted to the games and spends less and less time on his homework. This effect on his dedication to school work is

Physiological-type effects are within our conscious control.

What can we do to expand our media literacy regarding media effects?

Long-term effects happen only after many exposures to media messages.

An immediate effect lasts only for a short period of time.

Unintentional media effects

To increase your media literacy you need to

The public and media critics are fixated on manifested effects.

Allison's parents taught her from an early age that happiness is not dependent on financial success. Because of this, her belief in the meaning of happiness is resistant to change. This is an example of which influence that can contribute to the media effects process?

We are always in a process of being influenced by mass media messages.

Sandra reads The New York Times every day to stay informed about recent world affairs. Thus, for Sandra, the effect of becoming informed is