Question 1

When did foreign aid begin in its contemporary form?
A) After World War I
B) After World War II
C) After the Korean War
D) After the Vietnam War

Accepted Answer

Foreign aid in its contemporary form began after World War II with the Marshall Plan, which aimed to rebuild Europe after the destruction caused by the war. This marked a shift towards more structured and large-scale foreign aid programs by developed countries.

Question 2

____________ is the country that gives the most foreign aid in terms of dollars, but _____________ routinely give more in terms of the percentage of its gross national income.
A) The United Kingdom; the Nordic countries
B) The United States; the Nordic countries
C) The United Arab Emirates; Western European countries
D) The United States; Western European countries

Accepted Answer

The United States gives the most foreign aid in terms of total dollars, while the Nordic countries, such as Sweden and Norway, often give more as a percentage of their gross national income.

Question 3

World-systems theory is a _______________ theory that was strongly influenced by _________.
A) conflict/critical; Marx
B) conflict/critical; Merton
C) structural/functionalist; Durkheim
D) historical/comparative; Weber

Accepted Answer

World-systems theory is a conflict/critical theory that emphasizes the unequal distribution of power and resources in the global capitalist system. Its roots can be traced back to Marxist theories of imperialism and dependency.

Question 4

When control is established without the creation of colonies or formal methods of control, it is called:
A) postcolonialism
B) neomodernization
C) modernization
D) imperialism

Accepted Answer

Imperialism refers to the practice of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, often without formal colonization.

Question 5

The idea of reorganizing unequal global trade in a way that minimizes inequalities is called:
A) equal trade
B) honest consumption
C) fair trade
D) neoconsumption

Accepted Answer

The idea of reorganizing unequal global trade in a way that minimizes inequalities is called fair trade. This concept aims to create a more just and equitable trading system by ensuring that producers are paid fairly for their goods, promoting sustainable production practices, and providing better working conditions for workers. Honest consumption and neoconsumption are not recognized terms commonly used in the discussion of global trade, and while equal trade may seem like a logical choice, fair trade more accurately reflects the specific goal of minimizing inequalities.

Question 6

Theories from the _________________ approach examine the relationship of dependency between wealthy countries and their transnational corporations that exploit poor countries.
A) structural/functionalist
B) conflict/critical
C) interactionist
D) ethnomethodological

Accepted Answer

The conflict/critical approach focuses on analyzing power dynamics and inequalities within societies, including the exploitation of less powerful countries by more powerful ones. This approach is best suited for examining the relationship between wealthy countries and their transnational corporations that exploit poor countries.

Question 7

One of the most common products in the fair trade system is:
A) coffee
B) T-shirts
C) vegetables
D) tobacco

Accepted Answer

Coffee is one of the most common products in the fair trade system. It is often produced in developing countries where farmers may struggle to get fair prices for their beans. Fair trade certification ensures that farmers are paid a fair price for their coffee, which helps improve their livelihoods and the quality of the product.

Question 8

Much of the world's coffee is produced by small farmers in the Global South. When services like Coffee CSA work with these farmers, they agree to lock in a price paid by the Global North for the coffee so long as the producer meets the production criteria set by the CSA. This is an example of:
A) fair trade
B) postcolonialism
C) neomodernization
D) globalized equity

Accepted Answer

This is an example of fair trade, which involves setting a fair price for goods produced by small farmers in the Global South in order to promote equitable trade relationships and support sustainable development.

Question 9

Mark has a large house, a big car, and multiple television sets. These are consumption markers for development according to which theory?
A) neomodernization theory
B) world-systems theory
C) postcolonialism theory
D) modernization theory

Accepted Answer

The given consumption markers for development align with the principles of modernization theory, which suggests that the path to development involves the adoption of Western values and modern technologies, as demonstrated through material possessions and economic growth. Neomodernization theory builds upon this idea, but emphasizes the importance of political and social reforms in addition to economic development. World-systems theory and postcolonialism theory both challenge the assumptions and power dynamics inherent in modernization theory.

Question 10

World-systems theory divides the world into two parts: the _________ and the ________.
A) Global North; Global South
B) colonizers; colonized
C) core; periphery
D) capitalist; noncapitalist

Accepted Answer

World-systems theory divides the world into the core, which is made up of wealthy, developed nations that control and benefit from the global market, and the periphery, which is made up of poorer nations that provide labor and materials to the core but receive little in return. This division is based on economic and political power, rather than geographic location or cultural identity. Therefore, option A is incorrect because it implies a division based on location. Option B is incorrect because it implies a division based on historical relationships. Option D is incorrect because it implies a division based on economic ideology.

Question 11

According to _____________________, some areas, such as the Mediterranean countries, lack strong central governments and export raw materials to the core.
A) neocolonialism
B) imperialism
C) colonialism
D) world-systems theory

Accepted Answer

The statement refers to the concept of "core-periphery" in world-systems theory, which posits that certain areas (the core) dominate and exploit other areas (the periphery). The lack of strong central governments and exporting raw materials are common characteristics of the periphery in this framework. Neocolonialism and imperialism also involve domination and exploitation, but they do not necessarily emphasize the structural relationship between different regions in the global economy. Colonialism, meanwhile, refers to past forms of direct political control by European powers over colonized territories.

Question 12

__________________ is the theorist associated with World Systems Theory.
A) Walter Rostow
B) Pierre Bourdieu
C) Arlie Hochschild
D) Immanuel Wallerstein

Accepted Answer

Immanuel Wallerstein is the theorist associated with World Systems Theory, which argues that the world is divided into core, periphery, and semi-periphery regions based on their level of economic development and relationship to the global market.

Question 13

One key difference between colonialism and postcolonialism is:
A) the presence of settlers in colonies
B) the creation of an administrative apparatus
C) colonialism is from before 1900; postcolonialism is after 1900
D) postcolonialism is liberated from exploitive actions through colonialism

Accepted Answer

The answer of One key difference between colonialism and postcolonialism...

Question 14

One theory of global stratification by the ____________ approach is the modernization theory, which explains unequal economic differences based on structural and cultural differences between countries.
A) structural/functionalist
B) conflict/critical
C) interactionist
D) ethnomethodological

Accepted Answer

The structural/functionalist approach includes theories that focus on the ways in which social structures and institutions (economic, political, and cultural) operate to maintain social order and stability. The modernization theory, which explains unequal economic differences based on structural and cultural differences between countries, is consistent with this approach.

Question 15

Critics of modernization theory feel that it focuses too narrowly on what?
A) Consumption
B) Politics
C) Technology
D) The economy

Accepted Answer

Critics of modernization theory feel that it focuses too narrowly on the economic aspect of development and neglects other important factors such as culture, history, and politics.

Question 16

The purpose of _____________________ is to exploit the weaker nation's people and resources for the benefit of the stronger country.
A) neocolonialism
B) colonialism
C) capitalism
D) communism

Accepted Answer

Colonialism is an oppressive system where a stronger nation takes control of a weaker nation, exploiting its people and resources for the benefit of the colonial power. Neocolonialism, on the other hand, refers to the indirect influence and control exerted by developed countries over developing ones, often through economic and political means. Capitalism and communism are economic systems and not necessarily associated with colonialism.

Question 17

Stratification at the global level is a divide of Global North and South. What do North and South indicate?
A) The North and South poles of the globe as indicators of top and bottom
B) North and South America
C) Northern and Southern Hemispheres
D) Core and periphery

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stratification at the global level is a...

Question 18

Walt Rostow was an adviser to President John F. Kennedy. Rostow's use of modernization theory had a major influence on U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. This theory is derived from the __________________ school of thought.
A) structural/functionalist
B) conflict/critical
C) interactionist
D) ethnomethodological

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory, which posits that societies progress through stages of development and that economic growth is necessary for political stability, is derived from the structural/functionalist school of thought in sociology. This theory was influential in shaping U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War as the U.S. sought to promote economic and political development in countries around the world as a way of countering the perceived threat of communism.

Question 19

What is the primary goal of foreign aid?
A) To affect the politics in the recipient country
B) To improve the infrastructure of the recipient country
C) To generate economic growth in the recipient country
D) To spread democracy around the world

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of foreign aid is to generate economic growth in the recipient country. While foreign aid may also have other secondary goals such as improving infrastructure and promoting democracy, its primary purpose is to help boost the economic conditions in the receiving country.

Question 20

According to world-systems theory, the current world system has its roots in:
A) slavery
B) the process of colonization
C) modernization
D) neomodernization

Accepted Answer

World-systems theory traces the current world system back to the process of colonization in which European powers established economic and political dominance over other regions of the world. Slavery was a part of this process, but it is not the root cause of the current world system. Modernization and neomodernization are more recent processes that have contributed to the current world system but are not the root cause according to world-systems theory.

Quiz 9: Global Stratification

When did foreign aid begin in its contemporary form?

is the country that gives the most foreign aid in terms of dollars, but _ routinely give more in terms of the percentage of its gross national income.

World-systems theory is a _______ theory that was strongly influenced by _.

When control is established without the creation of colonies or formal methods of control, it is called:

The idea of reorganizing unequal global trade in a way that minimizes inequalities is called:

Theories from the _________________ approach examine the relationship of dependency between wealthy countries and their transnational corporations that exploit poor countries.

One of the most common products in the fair trade system is:

Much of the world's coffee is produced by small farmers in the Global South. When services like Coffee CSA work with these farmers, they agree to lock in a price paid by the Global North for the coffee so long as the producer meets the production criteria set by the CSA. This is an example of:

Mark has a large house, a big car, and multiple television sets. These are consumption markers for development according to which theory?

World-systems theory divides the world into two parts: the _ and the .

According to _____________________, some areas, such as the Mediterranean countries, lack strong central governments and export raw materials to the core.

__________________ is the theorist associated with World Systems Theory.

One key difference between colonialism and postcolonialism is:

One theory of global stratification by the ____________ approach is the modernization theory, which explains unequal economic differences based on structural and cultural differences between countries.

Critics of modernization theory feel that it focuses too narrowly on what?

The purpose of _____________________ is to exploit the weaker nation's people and resources for the benefit of the stronger country.

Stratification at the global level is a divide of Global North and South. What do North and South indicate?

Walt Rostow was an adviser to President John F. Kennedy. Rostow's use of modernization theory had a major influence on U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. This theory is derived from the __________________ school of thought.

What is the primary goal of foreign aid?

According to world-systems theory, the current world system has its roots in: