Signal transduction is the process by which:
A)transcription factors bind to cis-regulatory regions of DNA and either activate or repress transcription.
B)a specific combination of transcription factors determines the developmental pathway in a cell or group of cells.
C)a single master gene, or signal, activates a series of downstream genes that lead to cell differentiation.
D)an extracellular molecule activates a membrane protein, which in turn activates molecules inside the cell.
E)None of the answer options is correct.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Signal transduction refers to the process by which an extracellular molecule, such as a hormone or neurotransmitter, binds to a receptor on the cell membrane. This binding activates a series of intracellular signaling molecules, which eventually lead to a cellular response. Thus, option D correctly describes the process of signal transduction. Option A is referring to gene regulation, while option B describes the role of transcription factors in determining cell fate. Option C describes a simplified version of a signaling pathway, but it is not specific enough to be considered the best choice. Option E is incorrect because there is a correct answer option.

Signal Transduction Is the Process by Which