All organisms have either an X or Y chromosome, as these chromosomes are solely responsible for determining the sex of an individual. Mendel's failure to identify X and Y chromosomes in his pea plants invalidated a portion of the data he collected.

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This statement is false. Mendel's failure to identify X and Y chromosomes in his pea plants did not invalidate any portion of the data he collected, as these chromosomes are not relevant to pea plant genetics. Mendel's laws of inheritance still hold true and are widely used in genetics today.

All Organisms Have Either an X or Y Chromosome, as These