Chromosomal mutations that are MOST likely to cause serious damage to an organism are those that affect the:

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Centromeres are responsible for separating chromosomes during cell division, so mutations in this region can lead to problems with chromosome segregation and potentially cause serious damage to the organism. Telomeres, on the other hand, are responsible for protecting the ends of chromosomes and mutations in this region are generally less detrimental. The long and short arms of the chromosome may contain important genes, but mutations in these regions do not necessarily have a greater potential for causing damage compared to mutations in other regions of the chromosome.

Chromosomal Mutations That Are MOST Likely to Cause Serious Damage