Which one of the following theories includes maintenance and motivation factors?

Question

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Only the Two-factor theory includes maintenance factors (also known as hygiene factors) to prevent dissatisfaction and motivation factors to increase job satisfaction. The Hierarchy of needs theory includes physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization needs, but does not distinguish between maintenance and motivation factors. Theory X and Y are management theories relating to employees' motivation and behavior based on the assumption of whether they dislike work or not. Theory Z refers to a Japanese management approach to increase employee loyalty and job security.

Which One of the Following Theories Includes Maintenance and Motivation