Question 1

Homo erectus's cranial capacity:

Accepted Answer

Homo erectus's cranial capacity ranges from 650 cc to 1,200 cc, according to fossil evidence. Therefore, option C is the correct choice. Options A and B are incorrect because they give fixed values that do not reflect the variability observed in Homo erectus's cranial capacity. Option D is incorrect because it gives a range that is too high, as some Homo erectus fossils have been found with cranial capacities below 900 cc.

Question 2

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to:

Accepted Answer

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to 1.7 million years ago.

Question 3

The controlled use of fire by hominids:

Accepted Answer

The controlled use of fire by hominids contributed positively to geographical expansion and food production techniques, as it allowed for cooking, which made certain foods easier to digest and increased the variety of foods that could be eaten. It also allowed hominids to live in colder environments by providing warmth and use for hunting and protection.

Question 4

Gran Dolina adult hominids were similar to later Homo sapiens in their:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gran Dolina adult hominids were similar to...

Question 5

Homo erectus skull morphology includes:

Accepted Answer

Homo erectus skull morphology includes a long, low, wide base, thick bones, and large browridges.

Question 6

The Nariokotome Boy discovered at Lake Turkana (Homo erectus) has modern human traits such as:

Accepted Answer

The Nariokotome Boy, also known as Turkana Boy, had shorter arms and longer legs than those of earlier hominids, which is a modern human trait that is also seen in Homo sapiens.

Question 7

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the differences between Homo habilis...

Question 8

The Acheulean complex:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Acheulean complex:
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Question 9

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which species became increasingly specialized to foods...

Question 10

The earliest fossil evidence of Homo erectus in Western Europe dates to about:

Accepted Answer

The earliest fossil evidence of Homo erectus in Western Europe dates to about 1.2 million years ago (mya).

Question 11

What is the likely explanation for the rapid increase in body and brain size among Homo erectus?

Accepted Answer

Greater access to protein and improved nutrition are the most widely accepted reasons for the rapid increase in body and brain size among Homo erectus.

Question 12

The Homo erectus fossil from Sangiran, Java, dates to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Homo erectus fossil from Sangiran, Java,...

Question 13

African Homo erectus cranial features include:

Accepted Answer

The answer of African Homo erectus cranial features include:
...

Question 14

The first hominid to migrate out of Africa was:

Accepted Answer

According to current scientific evidence, Homo erectus was the first hominid species to migrate out of Africa around 1.8 million years ago.

Question 15

Homo erectus differed from earlier hominids in having traits such as:

Accepted Answer

Homo erectus had a larger brain than earlier hominids, which allowed for increased cognitive abilities and the use of more advanced tools.

Question 16

Compared to earlier hominids the increased body size in Homo erectus is likely due to:

Accepted Answer

The increased body size in Homo erectus is likely due to an increased access to protein in the diet, which is supported by evidence of hunting and butchery of large animals by Homo erectus. Stone-tool use and larger teeth may have also played a role, but they are not the primary factors for the increased body size.

Question 17

The many stone tools, fragmentary animal bones, and teeth found at Gran Dolina, Spain, indicate that hominids there:

Accepted Answer

The presence of stone tools, fragmentary animal bones, and teeth suggest that hominids at Gran Dolina were actively processing and consuming animals, including other hominids. This is evidenced by cut marks on the bones that match tool marks, indicating butchery and consumption. This behavior is consistent with cannibalism or at least scavenging. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as neither B nor C are supported by the evidence from Gran Dolina.

Question 18

Relative to Oldowan tools, Acheulean stone tools:

Accepted Answer

Acheulean stone tools required more learning and skill to produce than Oldowan tools. Acheulean tools were more standardized, symmetrical and required more specific techniques to produce. They also had a wider range of functions, more raw materials, and more tool types than Oldowan tools.

Question 19

Fossil evidence of cut marks made with stone tools at early hominid sites suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Fossil evidence of cut marks made with stone tools has been found at early hominid sites predating the emergence of Homo erectus. However, the frequency of these cut marks increases with the appearance of more advanced tools, indicating that meat eating was already happening but became more common with more advanced technology. While big game hunting may have been one way early hominids obtained meat, it is likely that they also scavenged and hunted smaller prey.

Question 20

Based on height calculations of Homo erectus fossils, physical anthropologists estimate that their average height was:

Accepted Answer

Physical anthropologists estimate that the average height of Homo erectus was tall, with males about five feet nine and females about five feet three. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because it exaggerates the difference in height between Homo erectus and Homo habilis. Option B is incorrect because it suggests that Homo erectus and australopithecines had similar heights, which is not accurate. Option D is incorrect because it greatly underestimates the height of Homo erectus.

Quiz 11: The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo