Question 1

Saying "I'm full"at the end of a meal is a common way to let others know that you have reached the point of
A)homeostasis.
B)satiation.
C)allostasis.
D)unit bias.

Accepted Answer

Saying "I'm full" at the end of a meal indicates that a person has reached the point of satiation, or a feeling of fullness and satisfaction after eating. Homeostasis refers to the body's internal balance and regulation, while allostatic load refers to the wear and tear on the body due to chronic stress. Unit bias refers to the tendency to consume more food when larger portions are offered, regardless of hunger levels.

Question 2

The hormone ______ signals feelings of fullness,while the hormone _______ signals hunger.
A)CCK;ghrelin
B)ghrelin;CCK
C)insulin;glucose
D)glucose;insulin

Accepted Answer

CCK (cholecystokinin) signals feelings of fullness, while ghrelin signals hunger.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of the unit bias?
A)Buying a second bottle of soda because the store has a "buy one,get one free"sale.
B)Adding more sugar to a cup of coffee because the sweet taste is more rewarding.
C)Eating less than normal because you are worried about others judging you.
D)Eating more chips in one sitting from a family-sized bag than a regular-sized bag.

Accepted Answer

The unit bias refers to the tendency to consume more when presented with a larger portion size or package, even if it exceeds our actual needs. Choosing to eat more chips from a family-sized bag than a regular-sized bag is an example of unit bias.

Question 4

Freya goes to the cafeteria with her coworkers.She is not hungry,but eats because everyone else in the group is eating.This is an example of
A)social facilitation.
B)modelling.
C)impression management.
D)the unit bias.

Accepted Answer

Freya is engaging in modelling behavior, which is when an individual imitates the behavior of others in their social group.

Question 5

Research has shown that ________ exposure to media is related to _______ satisfaction with one's body.
A)increased;increased
B)increased;decreased.
C)decreased;decreased
D)moderate;moderate

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that increased exposure to media, particularly to images of idealized and unrealistic body types, is related to decreased satisfaction with one's own body. This is believed to be due to social comparison processes, where individuals compare their own bodies to the unrealistically idealized bodies portrayed in the media and consequently experience negative body image and dissatisfaction.

Question 6

Rested is to tired,as satiation is to
A)stressed.
B)hungry.
C)aroused.
D)full.

Accepted Answer

Satiation is the feeling of being fully satisfied, especially in terms of hunger, so it is the opposite of being hungry. Just as being rested is the opposite of being tired, being satiated is the opposite of being hungry.

Question 7

Petra is on a date.She really likes her food,but stops herself after eating only one-third because she doesn't want her date to think she is a glutton.Petra's behaviour is an example of
A)social facilitation.
B)modelling.
C)impression management.
D)the unit bias.

Accepted Answer

Petra's behaviour is an example of impression management, as she is consciously controlling how she comes across to her date by limiting her consumption of food.

Question 8

Nila's younger brother does not like the meatloaf their mother made for dinner.When Nila is not looking,her brother secretly scoops some of his meatloaf onto her plate so that,although Nila is eating meatloaf,the amount on her plate remains about the same.Which of the following is most likely to happen?
A)Nila will eat her normal amount and then stop when she feels full.
B)Nila will eat less than she normally would.
C)Nila will eat more than she normally would.
D)Nila will develop an aversion for meatloaf.

Accepted Answer

Since Nila's brother is secretly adding more meatloaf to her plate, she is likely to eat more than she normally would, assuming she doesn't notice the added amount.

Question 9

Samantha is currently in therapy for treatment of an eating disorder.She is dangerously thin but perceives herself as overweight.To control her weight she starves herself.Samantha likely has
A)anorexia nervosa.
B)minimal eating norm.
C)bulimia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Accepted Answer

Samantha's dangerously low weight and distorted perception of her body as overweight are both characteristic symptoms of anorexia nervosa. The other options, such as bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder, involve different patterns of disordered eating and would not fit Samatha's symptoms as well.

Question 10

Angus is visiting his grandmother for Thanksgiving.After finishing his plate,he's feeling very full but his grandmother encourages him to have seconds,so he does.This is an example of
A)social facilitation.
B)modelling.
C)impression management.
D)the unit bias.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform better on tasks when they are in the presence of others. In this case, Angus is more likely to eat seconds because his grandmother is encouraging him to do so.

Question 11

Clover is trying to eat healthier,but when she visits her local coffee shop that displays all their homemade foods in a big glass case,Clover finds herself ordering a chocolate-filled pastry instead of the spinach and egg-white wrap.The concept of _________ likely explains Clover's food selection.
A)social facilitation
B)trigger foods
C)modelling
D)unit bias

Accepted Answer

Trigger foods are those that are hard to resist and can lead someone to break away from their intended dietary choices due to their appealing nature. In Clover's case, the chocolate-filled pastry acts as a trigger food, leading her to choose it over the healthier option she initially intended to pick.

Question 12

Zulma is currently in therapy for treatment of an eating disorder.Every day she eats a box of doughnuts and an entire bag of chips and then makes herself vomit.Zulma most likely has which of the following disorders?
A)binge-eating disorder
B)body-dysmorphic disorder
C)bulimia nervosa
D)anorexia nervosa

Accepted Answer

Zulma's behavior indicates that she engages in binge-eating and purging, which is a characteristic symptom of bulimia nervosa. Binge-eating disorder involves recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, and anorexia nervosa involves severe restriction of food intake and potentially purging behaviors. Body dysmorphic disorder involves preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.

Question 13

In experiments where bowls of soup were secretly filled through a tube so that the soup never ran out,which of the following happened?
A)Participants felt full at the same time as control participants,but continued to eat anyway.
B)Participants ate significantly more than control participants,but did not feel more satiated.
C)Participants felt full at the same time as control participants and stopped eating.
D)Participants ate significantly less than control participants,but felt equally satiated.

Accepted Answer

Participants in the experiment where bowls were secretly refilled ate significantly more soup than control participants, indicating that visual cues (seeing the amount of soup decrease) play a significant role in the feeling of satiety and the decision to stop eating. Despite consuming more, they did not report feeling more satiated than the control group, suggesting that the amount of food consumed is not the sole determinant of feeling full.

Question 14

Eating disorders and body-image distortions among boys and men often take a different form than is typically seen with women.For example,they are more likely to
A)starve themselves and exercise compulsively to be more muscular.
B)binge on foods high in fat and starches.
C)use inactivity to try to reduce the size of their bodies.
D)eat normally,but also purge.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that boys and men with body dissatisfaction are more likely to engage in behaviors such as restricting food intake and compulsive exercise to achieve a more muscular physique, rather than engaging in binge eating or purging behaviors more commonly seen in women with eating disorders.

Question 15

What do sugar and addictive drugs have in common?
A)They create states of euphoria in high doses.
B)They stimulate activity in the hypothalamus.
C)They inhibit self-control by inhibiting the cingulate gyrus.
D)They stimulate dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens.

Accepted Answer

Both sugar and addictive drugs stimulate dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, which is a key component of the brain's reward system. This release of dopamine leads to feelings of pleasure and reinforces the behavior of seeking out more of the substance.

Question 16

________ is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of excessive eating followed by forced vomiting or the use of laxatives.
A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Obesity
C)Bulimia nervosa
D)Body-dysmorphic disorder

Accepted Answer

Bulimia nervosa is a type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as forced vomiting or the use of laxatives to avoid weight gain. Anorexia nervosa is another type of eating disorder characterized by restrictive eating and intense fear of gaining weight. Obesity is a medical condition characterized by excess body fat. Body-dysmorphic disorder is a mental health condition characterized by obsessive thoughts about a perceived physical flaw.

Question 17

For years,Jenna ate one granola bar for breakfast.Then the company changed their packaging so that the granola bars were wrapped in sets of two.Ever since this change occurred,Jenna has had two bars for breakfast.This is an example of
A)social facilitation.
B)trigger food.
C)impression management.
D)the unit bias.

Accepted Answer

The unit bias is the tendency for individuals to consume a single unit (such as a package or portion) of food as a standard serving, regardless of its size. In this case, Jenna was consuming one granola bar as a standard serving until the packaging changed and now she consumes two granola bars as a standard serving.

Question 18

The orbitofrontal cortex is involved in
A)signalling the feeling of satiation.
B)linking food taste and texture with pleasure and reward.
C)the release of ghrelin in response to stressful stimuli.
D)the release of CCK in response to the filling of the stomach.

Accepted Answer

The orbitofrontal cortex is involved in processing reward and pleasure, including the linking of food taste and texture with pleasure and reward.

Question 19

Another term for a person's sex drive or desire for sexual activity is his or her
A)sexual preference.
B)sexual response cycle.
C)sexual orientation.
D)libido.

Accepted Answer

Libido refers to a person's sex drive or desire for sexual activity. Sexual preference refers to the gender(s) a person is attracted to, sexual response cycle describes the physiological stages of sexual arousal, and sexual orientation refers to a person's emotional and romantic attraction to others.

Question 20

_______________ is an eating disorder characterized by a fear of being fat,a distorted body image,radically reduced consumption of food,and emaciation.
A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Binge-eating disorder
C)Bulimia
D)Minimal eating norm

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a fear of being fat, a distorted body image, radically reduced consumption of food, and emaciation. It is a serious mental illness that can lead to severe physical complications and even death. Binge-eating disorder involves periods of uncontrollable eating, while bulimia involves binge-eating followed by purging through methods such as vomiting or excessive exercise. "Minimal eating norm" is not a recognized term in relation to eating disorders.

Quiz 11: C: Motivation and Emotion

Saying "I'm full"at the end of a meal is a common way to let others know that you have reached the point of

The hormone signals feelings of fullness,while the hormone _ signals hunger.

Which of the following is an example of the unit bias?

Freya goes to the cafeteria with her coworkers.She is not hungry,but eats because everyone else in the group is eating.This is an example of

Research has shown that __ exposure to media is related to _ satisfaction with one's body.

Rested is to tired,as satiation is to

Petra is on a date.She really likes her food,but stops herself after eating only one-third because she doesn't want her date to think she is a glutton.Petra's behaviour is an example of

Samantha is currently in therapy for treatment of an eating disorder.She is dangerously thin but perceives herself as overweight.To control her weight she starves herself.Samantha likely has

Angus is visiting his grandmother for Thanksgiving.After finishing his plate,he's feeling very full but his grandmother encourages him to have seconds,so he does.This is an example of

Clover is trying to eat healthier,but when she visits her local coffee shop that displays all their homemade foods in a big glass case,Clover finds herself ordering a chocolate-filled pastry instead of the spinach and egg-white wrap.The concept of _________ likely explains Clover's food selection.

Zulma is currently in therapy for treatment of an eating disorder.Every day she eats a box of doughnuts and an entire bag of chips and then makes herself vomit.Zulma most likely has which of the following disorders?

In experiments where bowls of soup were secretly filled through a tube so that the soup never ran out,which of the following happened?

Eating disorders and body-image distortions among boys and men often take a different form than is typically seen with women.For example,they are more likely to

What do sugar and addictive drugs have in common?

________ is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of excessive eating followed by forced vomiting or the use of laxatives.

For years,Jenna ate one granola bar for breakfast.Then the company changed their packaging so that the granola bars were wrapped in sets of two.Ever since this change occurred,Jenna has had two bars for breakfast.This is an example of

The orbitofrontal cortex is involved in

Another term for a person's sex drive or desire for sexual activity is his or her

_______________ is an eating disorder characterized by a fear of being fat,a distorted body image,radically reduced consumption of food,and emaciation.