Question 1

_____ results in the process of image formation, whereby the x-ray beam interacts with the anatomic tissue, and a portion of the beam strikes the image receptor.

Accepted Answer

Differential absorption is the process by which some of the x-ray beam is absorbed by the anatomic tissue and some of the beam reaches the image receptor. This results in image formation. Transference, molecular modeling, and compensating filtration are not directly related to the process of image formation.

Question 2

The interaction between x-ray photons and tissue that results in production of a secondary x-ray photon is the:

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

Interactions of low energy x-rays (energies below the diagnostic range)with tissue include:

Accepted Answer

Low energy x-rays primarily undergo coherent scattering when interacting with tissue. Pair production and photodisintegration require higher energy x-rays.

Question 4

The x-ray photon that is scattered as a result of the Compton effect cannot:

Accepted Answer

The scattered x-ray photon from the Compton effect typically has lower energy and altered direction, making it unlikely to provide useful anatomic information on the image receptor.

Question 5

When the x-ray photon travels completely through the part, that activity is called:

Accepted Answer

When the x-ray photon travels completely through the part without any interaction or attenuation, it is said to be transmitted. Absorption refers to the partial absorption of the x-ray photon by the material it is passing through, while attenuation refers to the reduction in the intensity of the x-ray beam as it passes through a material. Acceleration does not apply to the passage of x-ray photons through matter.

Question 6

When the x-ray photon strikes an atom within the tissue being imaged and loses all of its energy to an inner shell electron of that atom, the photon is said to have been _____ and undergone the _____.

Accepted Answer

When an x-ray photon strikes an atom within the tissue being imaged and loses all of its energy to an inner shell electron of that atom, it is absorbed through the process of photoelectric interaction.

Question 7

The outer shell electron that is ejected during the Compton interaction is also known as a:

Accepted Answer

The ejected electron in a Compton interaction is commonly referred to as a Compton electron or a secondary electron.

Question 8

The photoelectric effect involves the removal (ejection)of an electron.This process of removing an electron from an atom is known as:

Accepted Answer

The process of removing an electron from an atom is known as ionization. The other options are not related to the photoelectric effect. Attenuation refers to the reduction of radiation intensity as it passes through a material. Transmission refers to the passage of radiation through a material without any absorption or scattering. Differential absorption is the difference in the degree of absorption of radiation by different materials or tissues.

Question 9

Interactions of high energy x-rays (energies beyond the diagnostic range)with tissue include:

Accepted Answer

High energy x-rays can cause pair production, which creates a pair of electrons from the photon's energy, as well as photodisintegration, which can break apart atomic nuclei. Coherent scattering is more likely to occur at lower energies.

Question 10

Remnant radiation will be reduced by one half for every additional ________ of part thickness.

Accepted Answer

The remnant radiation is reduced by half for every additional 4 to 5 cm of part thickness due to the exponential attenuation of X-rays as they pass through tissue.

Question 11

Muscle tissue absorbs more radiation than fat tissue because muscle tissue has a:

Accepted Answer

Muscle tissue has a higher tissue density compared to fat tissue, which means it absorbs more radiation.

Question 12

Brightness/density is a quality related to the _____________ of the radiographic image.

Accepted Answer

Brightness/density is related to the visibility of structures in a radiographic image. It refers to the overall level of darkness or lightness in an image, which is important for distinguishing different anatomical structures. While accuracy of structural lines and spatial resolution are also important qualities in radiographic imaging, they are not directly related to brightness/density.

Question 13

Unwanted exposure to the IR due to scatter radiation is called:

Accepted Answer

Unwanted exposure to the IR due to scatter radiation is called fog. Latent refers to an invisible image formed on the IR detector but not yet visible on the image receptor. Manifest refers to an image that is visible on the image receptor. Cloudiness is not a term used in radiography.

Question 14

At higher kilovoltage, _____ photon interactions occur, resulting in _____ transmission.

Accepted Answer

At higher kilovoltage, fewer photon interactions occur because the photons have higher energy and are more likely to pass through the material, resulting in increased transmission.

Question 15

_____ is the loss of some of the energy from the x-ray beam as it passes through the tissue being imaged.

Accepted Answer

Attenuation is the loss of some of the energy from the x-ray beam as a result of absorption and scattering as it passes through the tissue being imaged. Compensating filtration refers to the use of different thicknesses of filters in the x-ray beam to even out the radiation dose to the part being imaged. Photon transmission refers to x-rays passing completely through the object without any absorption or scattering. Photoelectric scattering is a type of interaction between x-rays and matter that results in the x-ray being scattered in a different direction.

Question 16

The x-ray beam that leaves the patient in the direction of the image receptor is often referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The x-ray beam that leaves the patient in the direction of the image receptor is the remnant radiation, which is the portion of the primary beam that has passed through the patient and has been attenuated to varying degrees. It is this remnant radiation that forms the image on the image receptor. The other options are not correct: primary radiation is the x-ray beam that is emitted from the x-ray tube, absorbed radiation is the energy that is absorbed by the patient and scattered radiation is the x-ray photons that are redirected in different directions after interacting with the patient's tissues.

Question 17

The _____ image occurs first on the image receptor, and the _____ image occurs following proper image development/processing.

Accepted Answer

The latent image is formed first on the image receptor and is not visible until proper image development/processing occurs, at which point it becomes manifest. Choice A, B, and C do not accurately describe the order of image formation and development/processing.

Question 18

When the x-ray photon strikes an atom within the tissue being imaged and loses only part of its energy to an outer shell electron of that atom, the photon is said to have been _____ and undergone the _____.

Accepted Answer

The x-ray photon is scattered and undergoes the Compton interaction when it loses part of its energy to an outer shell electron.

Question 19

When the entering x-ray photon loses energy and changes its path of travel as a result of interacting with an atom, the interaction is known as the:

Accepted Answer

The interaction described best fits the Compton effect, as this is the process by which an x-ray photon loses energy and changes direction as a result of scattering off an atom. The Photoelectric interaction involves the complete absorption of an x-ray photon by an atom, while the Characteristic effect involves the emission of an electron from an atom as a result of x-ray ionization. The Compensating effect is not a commonly used term in relation to x-ray interactions.

Question 20

Contrast is a quality related to the _____________ of the radiographic image.

Accepted Answer

Contrast refers to the difference in radiographic density between adjacent structures in the image. It directly affects the visibility of structures, making them easier or harder to distinguish from each other. Accuracy of structural lines and spatial resolution are also important qualities of the image, but they are not directly related to contrast.

Quiz 3: Image Formation and Radiographic Quality

_____ results in the process of image formation, whereby the x-ray beam interacts with the anatomic tissue, and a portion of the beam strikes the image receptor.

The interaction between x-ray photons and tissue that results in production of a secondary x-ray photon is the:

Interactions of low energy x-rays (energies below the diagnostic range) with tissue include:

The x-ray photon that is scattered as a result of the Compton effect cannot:

When the x-ray photon travels completely through the part, that activity is called:

When the x-ray photon strikes an atom within the tissue being imaged and loses all of its energy to an inner shell electron of that atom, the photon is said to have been _ and undergone the _.

The outer shell electron that is ejected during the Compton interaction is also known as a:

The photoelectric effect involves the removal (ejection) of an electron.This process of removing an electron from an atom is known as:

Interactions of high energy x-rays (energies beyond the diagnostic range) with tissue include: