Question 1

Dr.Matias has concluded that very few people in a small African country suffer from alcohol use disorder because of the strong influence of that region's major religion.This belief best illustrates a(n)________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The given scenario refers to how the social-cultural factors (in this case, the influence of the religion in the region) can affect the prevalence of a disorder. Therefore, Option D (social-cultural) is the best choice. The perspective of Evolutionary, Psychodynamic or Neuroscience does not seem relevant to the given scenario.

Question 2

Working in a community mental health center,Dr.Thatcher treats adults who suffer from major depressive disorder.Dr.Thatcher is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness, such as major depressive disorder, making it the best fit for Dr. Thatcher's work in a community mental health center. Personality psychology looks at individual differences in personality traits, while industrial-organizational psychology concerns itself with workplace behavior and productivity. Developmental psychology studies human development across the lifespan.

Question 3

Dr.Wilcox conducts basic research on the behavioral differences between shy and outgoing people.Dr.Wilcox is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Wilcox's research is focused on personality and individual differences, specifically the difference between shy and outgoing individuals, so it is most likely that Dr. Wilcox is a personality psychologist.

Question 4

Dr.Tiao conducts basic research on the effects of head injuries on people's problem-solving and abstract-reasoning skills.Which psychological specialty does her research best represent?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Tiao's research focuses on the biological effects of head injuries on cognitive abilities, thus representing biological psychology.

Question 5

Dr.MacPherson believes that the way students organize and think about the information in their textbooks will strongly influence their ability to later remember and use what they have studied.Dr.MacPherson's ideas most directly illustrate the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

Dr. MacPherson's focus on how students organize and think about information aligns with the cognitive perspective, which emphasizes mental processes such as thinking, memory, and problem-solving.

Question 6

Which psychologists are most likely to be involved in basic research?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychologists are most likely to be involved in basic research, as their focus is on understanding how the brain processes information and develops cognitive functions. Basic research is focused on building theoretical understanding, and cognitive psychology is well-suited for this type of research.

Question 7

Which professional specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology is the specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders. Personality psychology explores the dynamics of personality and behavior. Biological psychology studies the biological basis of behavior. Developmental psychology focuses on the study of human development across the lifespan.

Question 8

The evolutionary perspective is to ________ as the behavioral perspective is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary perspective focuses on how behaviors have evolved over time, with an emphasis on biological factors such as genetics and natural selection. This is similar to the nature side of the nature-nurture debate. The behavioral perspective, on the other hand, focuses on how environmental factors (nurture) shape behaviors, with an emphasis on observable and measurable behaviors.

Question 9

Dr.Ochoa develops tests to accurately identify the most qualified job applicants in a large manufacturing firm.Which psychological specialty does Dr.Ochoa's work best represent?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Ochoa's work involves developing tests to identify the most qualified job applicants in a manufacturing firm, which falls under the domain of industrial-organizational psychology.

Question 10

Which perspective focuses on how we process information to solve problems?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive perspective focuses on how we process information to solve problems, make decisions, and think. It is concerned with mental processes such as perception, attention, memory, language, and problem-solving. This perspective emphasizes the importance of thinking and understanding the ways in which humans interact with their environment.

Question 11

Dr.Winkle conducts basic research on how and if intelligence changes with age.It is most likely that Dr.Winkle is a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Winkle's research focus on how intelligence changes over time points to a developmental psychology specialization.

Question 12

Which subfield of psychology would most likely promote research identifying the psychological,biological,and social factors that encourage good eating habits?

Accepted Answer

Health psychology is the subfield of psychology that focuses on identifying the psychological, biological, and social factors that influence health and illness behaviors. Research on healthy eating habits would fall under this category.

Question 13

Natassia believes that boys learn to be more aggressive than girls primarily because boys are more often encouraged to fight.Natassia's belief is best described as an example of the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

Natassia's belief that boys learn to be more aggressive than girls primarily because they are encouraged to fight is based on observable behaviors, which aligns with the behavioral perspective.

Question 14

Dr.Veenstra conducts basic research on the impact of racial prejudice on behavior.Dr.Veenstra is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Veenstra's research focuses on the impact of racial prejudice on behavior, which falls under the domain of social psychology. Clinical psychologists specialize in diagnosing and treating mental disorders, whereas biological psychologists study the biological basis of behavior. Industrial-organizational psychologists focus on improving productivity and efficiency in the workplace.

Question 15

Which branch of psychology is most likely to study how social institutions affect the well-being of individuals and groups?

Accepted Answer

Community psychology is devoted to understanding and addressing social problems and how social institutions impact the well-being of individuals and groups. It emphasizes the importance of community-based interventions and collaboration between psychologists and community organizations.

Question 16

Which psychological perspective highlights the manner in which people encode,process,store,and retrieve information?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive perspective focuses on mental processes such as perception, thinking, problem solving, and memory. It emphasizes the way people encode, process, store, and retrieve information, which is relevant to tasks like learning and problem-solving. The behavioral perspective, on the other hand, emphasizes observable behavior and how it is shaped by environmental factors like rewards and punishments. The behavior genetics perspective looks at the role of genetic factors in behavioral traits, while the evolutionary perspective looks at how behavior and mental processes have evolved over time.

Question 17

Which psychological perspective is most likely to examine how group membership influences individual attitudes and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

The social-cultural perspective examines how culture, norms, and social influences impact an individual's attitudes and behaviors, including how their group memberships (e.g. race, ethnicity, gender, religion, nationality) shape their worldview and actions.

Question 18

Which specialists are the most likely to prescribe a drug for the treatment of a psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists are medical doctors with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses. They are the only mental health professionals who can prescribe medication. Developmental, clinical, and personality psychologists do not have prescription privileges.

Question 19

Which subfield of psychology focuses on helping people with difficult career choices?

Accepted Answer

Counseling psychology is the subfield of psychology that focuses on helping individuals with personal and interpersonal difficulties, including career counseling. Counselors can provide guidance and support to help individuals navigate difficult career choices and explore their interests, values, and skills.

Question 20

Dr.Karima conducts basic research on the impact of playing computer games on a person's ability to remember information.Dr.Karima is most likely a ________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Dr.Karima's research focus on the impact of playing computer games on memory shows an interest in the cognitive processes involved in information retention, indicating that they are likely a cognitive psychologist.

Quiz 1: Psychologys Roots, Big Ideas, and Critical Thinking Tools

Dr.Matias has concluded that very few people in a small African country suffer from alcohol use disorder because of the strong influence of that region's major religion.This belief best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.

Working in a community mental health center,Dr.Thatcher treats adults who suffer from major depressive disorder.Dr.Thatcher is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.

Dr.Wilcox conducts basic research on the behavioral differences between shy and outgoing people.Dr.Wilcox is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.