Question 1

The computer now allows the instantaneous transfer of billions of dollars from one country to another. One of the concerns of governments about this easy transferring of digitized money is that ________.

Accepted Answer

The phrase "few traces for government to follow" indicates that governments may be concerned about the difficulty of tracking and regulating the transfer of digitized money across borders.

Question 2

In the model of historical change proposed by Karl Marx, the final stage in the process would be called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the model of historical change proposed...

Question 3

Because of new technologies, more parents can work at home, which can strengthen families and lead to a decrease in the divorce rate. This example demonstrates how new technology can transform ________.

Accepted Answer

New technologies allowing parents to work from home can transform social relationships by enabling more family time and potentially reducing stressors that contribute to divorce.

Question 4

The New World was always several thousand miles west of Europe. The fact that Columbus stumbled across it is an example of which process of social change?

Accepted Answer

Columbus did not invent the New World, nor did he bring it from another place (diffusion). He had insight and knowledge about the existence of a new land, but ultimately he discovered it through his journey.

Question 5

What term did Karl Marx use to describe the dissatisfaction and unrest felt by workers when they are separated from the ownership of their work?

Accepted Answer

Marx used the term "alienation" to describe the feeling of separation and dissatisfaction experienced by workers who do not own the means of production and are therefore disconnected from the fruits of their labor.

Question 6

The most uniformly applicable description of technology is that it ________.

Accepted Answer

The definition that technology is an artificial means of extending human abilities applies to all forms of technology and is not limited to certain types or industries. Choices B, C, and D describe specific effects or consequences of technology, but do not provide a broad description of what technology is.

Question 7

Changes in social organizations, ideologies, conspicuous consumption, and social relationships is attributed to_________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Changes in social organizations, ideologies, conspicuous consumption,...

Question 8

What is the primary benefit of technology for the Most Industrialized Nations?

Accepted Answer

The primary benefit of technology for the Most Industrialized Nations is that it increases their ability to analyze information, communicate, and travel. Technology has allowed for the development of faster and more efficient modes of transportation and communication, as well as advancements in data analysis and processing. This has greatly improved the productivity and competitiveness of these nations in the global economy. While technology may also contribute to the efficient use of fossil fuels and the employment of workers in certain sectors, these benefits are secondary to the primary benefit of increased information processing and communication capabilities.

Question 9

According to Marx, human history shows that struggle develops between the thesis and its antithesis, leading to a synthesis. Marx called this historical change a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

Marx coined the term "dialectical process" to describe the historical change that occurs through conflict and struggle between opposing forces, leading to a synthesis or resolution.

Question 10

The Japanese adopted baseball as a national sport after they saw American GIs playing it following World War II. This adoption of baseball by the Japanese is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

The adoption of baseball by the Japanese is an example of diffusion, which refers to the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another. In this case, the Japanese learned about baseball from the American soldiers and adopted it as their own.

Question 11

Tools as simple as a comb and as complicated as the space shuttle require skills to use them. These skills are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The skills required for using tools are referred to as technology. Science refers to the study of the natural world and its phenomena, materialism is the belief that the only thing that exists is matter, and diffusion refers to the spreading of ideas or culture.

Question 12

When did the frontal assault on nature begin to take its most serious toll?

Accepted Answer

The serious toll on nature began when nations industrialized, as this led to increased reliance on fossil fuels, deforestation, and pollution.

Question 13

According to Karl Marx, what would be the end result of workers being pushed by capitalists to make more and more products without appropriate changes in compensation and treatment?

Accepted Answer

According to Karl Marx's theory of communism, the exploitation of workers by capitalists leads to class struggle and ultimately to revolution. The workers, who have nothing to lose but their chains, overthrow the capitalists and establish a socialist state in which means of production are collectively owned and operated for the benefit of all society. This process is known as the dictatorship of the proletariat. Therefore, the end result of workers being pushed to make more and more products without appropriate compensation and treatment, according to Marx, would be a violent takeover of the means of production and establishing a worker's state.

Question 14

The American who is responsible for the mass production of the Model T was _________.

Accepted Answer

The American who is responsible for the mass production of the Model T was Henry Ford.

Question 15

What did historian James Flink cite as the primary reason women were transformed from producers of food and clothing to consumers of national-brand canned goods, prepared foods, and ready-made clothes?

Accepted Answer

Historian James Flink cited the automobile as the primary reason women were transformed from producers of food and clothing to consumers of national-brand canned goods, prepared foods, and ready-made clothes. The automobile gave women greater mobility, enabling them to travel to stores rather than relying on local markets or producing goods at home. It also made it easier to transport processed and packaged goods.

Question 16

What is necessary for discovery to bring about the most extensive social change?

Accepted Answer

For a discovery to bring about extensive social change, it must come at the right time when society is ready to accept and integrate it, allowing it to have a significant impact.

Question 17

The development of the assembly line process and use of interchangeable parts is an example of how technology has changed ________.

Accepted Answer

The development of the assembly line process and use of interchangeable parts revolutionized the way work was organized, leading to a new form of social organization within factories and manufacturing industries.

Question 18

Although all the faculty members of Acadia University have new state-of-the-art computers, several professors refuse to use them and even replaced them with personal typewriters. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

This situation represents cultural lag, which occurs when technological advancements or cultural changes occur more rapidly than an individual or a group's ability to adapt to them. The professors who refuse to use the new computers are experiencing a lag in their ability to adapt to the new technology, and are relying on the familiarity of the typewriter.

Question 19

Combining glass, a filament, and metal base (all of which previously existed) to form a new tool called the light bulb is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

The act of combining existing items to create a new tool or product is known as invention. The creation of the light bulb using glass, a filament, and metal base is an example of invention.

Question 20

About 100 years ago, what was the newest technology?

Accepted Answer

The automobile was the newest technology about 100 years ago.

Quiz 22: Social Change and the Environment