Question 1

In his study on stereotype threat and athletic performance, Stone and colleagues found that

Accepted Answer

Stone and colleagues found that reminder of a negative stereotype can trigger stereotype threat, which can interfere with performance. This means that option B, "when people are reminded of a negative stereotype about themselves, it can adversely affect performance," is the correct answer. The other choices are incorrect because they suggest that positive stereotypes can either harm or improve performance, which is not what the study found.

Question 2

The result of studies about positive stereotypes show that when Asian-American females were asked biographical questions that reminded them of their gender identity before taking a math test, their performance ______________ a control group that was not reminded of their gender identity.

Accepted Answer

The question is asking about the result of studies on positive stereotypes, which suggests that reminding Asian-American females of their gender identity before a math test could have a negative impact on their performance. Therefore, the answer is C, as their performance was worse than the control group who was not reminded of their gender identity.

Question 3

Which of the following does not go with the rest?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following does not go...

Question 4

How likely people are in expecting that others will stereotype them defines

Accepted Answer

Stigma consciousness refers to the awareness or expectation that one will be stereotyped or discriminated against based on a particular attribute, such as race or gender. Therefore, the likelihood of people expecting others to stereotype them falls under the domain of stigma consciousness.

Question 5

In studies of stereotype threat, students led to think they have benefited from gender or race-based preferences in gaining admission to a college or academic group tend to perform ________ those not led to think so.

Accepted Answer

In studies of stereotype threat, students led to think they have benefited from gender or race-based preferences in gaining admission to a college or academic group tend to perform worse than those not led to think so. This is due to the heightened pressure and anxiety they feel to prove themselves and overcome negative stereotypes, leading to decreased performance.

Question 6

Three ways in which stereotype threat interferes with performance are ______________, ______________, and ______________.

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat can cause negative emotions such as anxiety and fear of confirming a negative stereotype, which can interfere with performance (emotional). It can also lead to cognitive distractions, such as worrying about being judged, which can divert attention away from the task (cognitive). Finally, it can reduce motivation to perform well due to the belief that one's efforts will not matter because of the negative stereotype (motivational). Therefore, option B, which lists the emotional, cognitive, and motivational effects of stereotype threat, is the best choice.

Question 7

Which of the following are possible effects of stigma consciousness

Accepted Answer

Stigma consciousness can lead to lower well-being and heightened stress due to the negative societal attitudes towards the stigmatized group. However, it can also lead to enhanced feelings of social identity as individuals may seek out others who share their stigmatized identity. In addition, research shows that individuals with high stigma consciousness may buffer their individual self-esteem by seeking out positive feedback from others who share their stigmatized identity. Therefore, all of these choices are possible effects of stigma consciousness.

Question 8

Stereotype threat causes people to monitor their performance, which ______________ mental demands and ______________ working memory.

Accepted Answer

According to research, stereotype threat can lead to increased monitoring of one's performance and increased mental demands in an attempt to overcome the negative stereotype. This can ultimately lead to decreased working memory capacity, as the individual is using more cognitive resources to monitor their behavior and attempt to disprove the stereotype. Therefore, the correct answer is B: stereotype threat increases mental demands and decreases working memory capacity.

Question 9

Which of the following does not go with the rest?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following does not go...

Question 10

______________ gradually hammers one's reputation into one's self-concept, whereas ______________ has immediate effects.

Accepted Answer

A self-fulfilling prophecy gradually hammers one's reputation into one's self-concept, whereas stereotype threat has immediate effects. Self-fulfilling prophecy is a belief or expectation that influences a person's behavior in a way that tends to make the belief or expectation come true. Stereotype threat refers to the risk of confirming negative stereotypes about one's social group, which can lead to anxiety and poorer performance.

Question 11

Perceived prejudice can be negative in that victims deal with the stress of ______________, and positive in that it ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Perceived prejudice can lead to stereotype threats, which can negatively impact self-esteem. However, sometimes individuals may use perceived prejudice as motivation to prove the stereotype wrong and achieve success, which can result in a positive effect on self-esteem. Therefore, perceived prejudice can have both negative and positive effects on individuals.

Question 12

Word, Zanna, and Cooper had White men interview both White and Black job applicants. When the applicant was Black, the interviewers ______________ than when the applicant was White.

Accepted Answer

The passage does not provide enough information to determine a specific answer, but it suggests that the interviewers behaved differently towards Black applicants than White applicants. The given options are all possible ways that they may have behaved differently based on conscious or unconscious biases towards Black people. Therefore, the best answer is D, all of these choices.

Question 13

Stereotype threat refers to

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat refers to the fear or anxiety that members of a stigmatized group may experience when they believe that their performance on a task may confirm a negative stereotype about their group. This can cause individuals to underperform or fail to meet their potential.

Question 14

Word, Zanna, and Cooper (1974) found that

Accepted Answer

The study by Word, Zanna, and Cooper (1974) found that both self-fulfilling prophecies and prejudice affects its targets, supporting option A, and that social beliefs can be self-confirming, supporting option B. Therefore, the best choice is option D, which includes both A and B.

Question 15

Allport believed that effects of victimization were reducible to two basic types-those that involve ______________ and those that involve ______________.

Accepted Answer

Allport believed that effects of victimization were reducible to two basic types: those that involve blaming oneself (e.g., increased guilt or shame) and those that involve blaming external causes (e.g., anger or resentment towards the perpetrator or society as a whole). Option B is incorrect as it describes responses to victimization rather than types of effects. Option C and D are also incorrect as they do not accurately describe Allport's framework.

Question 16

Two ways in which we deal with information that is inconsistent with a stereotype are

Accepted Answer

The two ways in which we deal with information that is inconsistent with a stereotype are subgrouping and subtyping. Subtyping involves creating a new category to accommodate the inconsistent information, while subgrouping involves acknowledging that there are subgroups within a larger stereotyped group that do not fit the stereotype. These strategies allow individuals to maintain their overall stereotype beliefs while also accounting for inconsistencies.

Question 17

According to research,

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that even when both parties involved have good intentions, self-conscious interactions between majority and minority individuals can still feel tense and uncomfortable. This tension can lead to stereotyping and discriminatory behavior.

Question 18

The result of studies about positive stereotypes show that when Asian-American females were asked biographical questions that reminded them of their Asian identity before taking a math test, their performance ______________ a control group that were not reminded of their gender identity.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that positive stereotypes can sometimes lead to a phenomenon called "stereotype threat," where individuals feel pressure to live up to the positive stereotype and can actually underperform as a result. However, in this specific scenario, the reminder of their Asian identity before a math test likely activated a positive stereotype that Asians are good at math, leading to better performance compared to the control group that did not receive the reminder. Therefore, the answer is A) was better than.

Question 19

In a study by Kleck and Strenta, women were made to feel disfigured and then placed in social contexts where they had to interact with another woman. When evaluating the interactions, the researchers found that

Accepted Answer

According to the study by Kleck and Strenta, disfigured women misinterpreted mannerisms and comments they would otherwise not have noticed. This suggests that disfigurement can lead to misinterpretation of social cues and difficulties in social interactions. Option A is incorrect because the study did not find that disfigured women were excessively shy or withdrew from social interactions. Option B is incorrect because the study found that non-disfigured women were more comfortable in the social interaction than disfigured women. Option D is incorrect because the study suggests that disfigurement does have an effect on social interactions.

Question 20

Unfortunately, Mr. Smith, a high school speech teacher, communicates to his class that he thinks boys tend to be less anxious and thus make better speeches than girls do. As a result, some of the girls in his class become apprehensive in preparing and giving speeches in Mr. Smith's class. The girls are experiencing

Accepted Answer

The girls in Mr. Smith's class are experiencing stereotype threat, which refers to the negative impact of stereotypes on individuals' performance in a given domain. In this case, the stereotype that boys are better at public speaking is causing anxiety and self-doubt among the girls in the class, potentially leading to worse performance on speeches.

Quiz 12: Consequences of Prejudice

In his study on stereotype threat and athletic performance, Stone and colleagues found that

The result of studies about positive stereotypes show that when Asian-American females were asked biographical questions that reminded them of their gender identity before taking a math test, their performance ______________ a control group that was not reminded of their gender identity.

Which of the following does not go with the rest?

How likely people are in expecting that others will stereotype them defines

In studies of stereotype threat, students led to think they have benefited from gender or race-based preferences in gaining admission to a college or academic group tend to perform ________ those not led to think so.

Three ways in which stereotype threat interferes with performance are , , and __.

Which of the following are possible effects of stigma consciousness

Stereotype threat causes people to monitor their performance, which mental demands and working memory.

Which of the following does not go with the rest?

gradually hammers one's reputation into one's self-concept, whereas has immediate effects.

Perceived prejudice can be negative in that victims deal with the stress of , and positive in that it _____.

Word, Zanna, and Cooper had White men interview both White and Black job applicants. When the applicant was Black, the interviewers ______________ than when the applicant was White.

Stereotype threat refers to

Word, Zanna, and Cooper (1974) found that

Allport believed that effects of victimization were reducible to two basic types-those that involve and those that involve .

Two ways in which we deal with information that is inconsistent with a stereotype are

According to research,

The result of studies about positive stereotypes show that when Asian-American females were asked biographical questions that reminded them of their Asian identity before taking a math test, their performance ______________ a control group that were not reminded of their gender identity.

In a study by Kleck and Strenta, women were made to feel disfigured and then placed in social contexts where they had to interact with another woman. When evaluating the interactions, the researchers found that