Question 1

A client undergoing chemotherapy for cancer asks the nurse how metoclopramide (Reglan)helps decrease nausea.The nurse considers which of the following facts when formulating a response?

Accepted Answer

Metoclopramide (Reglan) works by improving the orthograde motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract, which can decrease nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy. It does not decrease mobility in the entire gastrointestinal tract, decrease chemoreceptor stimulation, or improve the body's response to chemotherapy.

Question 2

When teaching clients about laxatives,the nurse suggests that,although mineral oil is effective,it can be hazardous to their health.When asked for an explanation,the nurse states that mineral oil will do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

The nurse concludes that which of the following adverse drug effects experienced by a client cannot be caused by diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil)?

Accepted Answer

Diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil) is an antidiarrheal medication, so it cannot cause diarrhea as an adverse effect. The other three options are possible adverse effects of the medication.

Question 4

A client with candidiasis has an order for a clotrimazole (Mycelex)troche.The nurse would give the client which instruction about its use?

Accepted Answer

Clotrimazole troches are designed to be dissolved slowly in the mouth, allowing the medication to come into contact with the affected area (oral thrush) for as long as possible. Option A is incorrect because troches are not meant to be used as suppositories. Option B is incorrect because clotrimazole troches should not be applied topically to the mucous membrane. Option C is incorrect because the medication is not to be swallowed, but rather swished in the mouth and then spit out.

Question 5

To avoid intestinal impaction,the nurse administers psyllium (Metamucil)with at least how many milliliters of liquid?

Accepted Answer

To avoid intestinal impaction, psyllium (Metamucil) should be administered with at least 240 mL of liquid. This is because psyllium works by absorbing water, which helps to soften the stool and promote bowel regularity. Without enough liquid, psyllium can become compacted and may actually worsen constipation.

Question 6

The nurse explains to a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease that omeprazole (Prilosec)has which of the following common adverse effects?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, commonly causes stomach pain as an adverse effect due to its action on reducing stomach acid production.

Question 7

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following conditions would be appropriately treated with a drug classified as a digestant?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis often leads to pancreatic enzyme insufficiency, and digestants (such as pancreatic enzyme replacements) are used to aid digestion in these patients.

Question 8

The nurse who is reviewing the medication profile of a client taking omeprazole (Prilosec)would become concerned about the risk of increased drug effects of which drug that the client is taking concurrently?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole can increase the effects of warfarin, a blood thinner, increasing the risk of bleeding. The nurse should monitor the client's blood clotting time closely and adjust the warfarin dosage as needed. Diazepam, phenytoin, and ketoconazole do not interact with omeprazole in a clinically significant way.

Question 9

When conducting client teaching about lactulose (Chronulac),the nurse includes that it is considered to be which type of laxative?

Accepted Answer

Lactulose (Chronulac) is considered an osmotic laxative, which works by drawing water into the colon to soften the stool and promote bowel movements.

Question 10

Which of the following laxatives does the nurse anticipate will be ordered as appropriate for a client who will undergo diagnostic testing of the bowel?

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol and electrolytes (GoLYTELY) is a bowel preparation laxative commonly used before diagnostic testing and procedures of the bowel, such as colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. Psyllium (Metamucil) is a bulk-forming laxative used for constipation and not preparation for diagnostic testing. Castor oil is a stimulant laxative that causes cramping and is not commonly used as a bowel preparation laxative. Lactulose (Chronulac) is an osmotic laxative used for the treatment of chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy in liver disease. It is not commonly used as a bowel preparation laxative.

Question 11

The nurse explains to a client taking nystatin (Mycostatin)that swishing and swallowing is encouraged to

Accepted Answer

Swishing and swallowing nystatin is encouraged to increase oral mucosa contact, which allows for better coverage and effectiveness of the medication in treating oral thrush.

Question 12

The nurse would have the greatest concern for adverse effects for which of the following clients prescribed to take cimetidine (Tagamet)?

Accepted Answer

Cimetidine is primarily metabolized by the kidneys and can accumulate in clients with renal insufficiency, leading to adverse effects such as confusion and hallucinations. Therefore, the nurse would have the greatest concern for the 76-year-old client with renal insufficiency who is prescribed cimetidine.

Question 13

The nurse assesses for which of the following adverse effects in a client who is taking famotidine (Pepcid)?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should assess for dizziness as a possible adverse effect of famotidine. Famotidine is an H2 receptor blocker used to decrease acid production in the stomach and treat conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastric ulcers. Dizziness is a common adverse effect that can occur with the use of this medication. Insomnia, hypothermia, and leukocytosis are not known adverse effects of famotidine.

Question 14

The nurse explains to a client during a discussion of antacids that which of the following is a characteristic of aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta)?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta) is an antacid that elevates gastric pH by neutralizing stomach acid. It does not coat the gastric mucosa or decrease stomach motility, and it does not decrease duodenal pH.

Question 15

A client who takes an antihypertensive drug at 0900 has a new drug order for an antacid three times daily.When scheduling the morning dose,the nurse should select which of the following times as optimal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client who takes an antihypertensive drug...

Question 16

The nurse plans to assess a client taking an antacid containing aluminum for which of the following adverse effects?

Accepted Answer

Antacids containing aluminum can cause constipation due to their ability to absorb water and slow down the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 17

The nurse withholds a dose and notifies the prescriber for which drug that is contraindicated for clients taking antacids?

Accepted Answer

Tetracycline is contraindicated for clients taking antacids because antacids can decrease its absorption, leading to decreased effectiveness. Therefore, the nurse should withhold the dose and notify the prescriber. The other options (gentamicin, chlorpropamide, and furosemide) do not have contraindications for use with antacids.

Question 18

As part of general nursing knowledge,the nurse is aware that which characteristic of the stomach affects drug absorption?

Accepted Answer

The pH of the stomach affects drug absorption. The acidic pH in the stomach can affect the ionization of drugs, which can impact their absorption.

Question 19

A client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of action for loperamide (Imodium)by stating that it leads to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Loperamide (Imodium) works by decreasing peristalsis in the intestinal wall, which results in slower movement of stool through the intestines. This allows for more water to be absorbed from the stool, resulting in firmer stools and decreased frequency of bowel movements.

Question 20

The nurse working in a well-child clinic is giving instructions to an adolescent about how to use a fluoridated mouthwash to prevent dental caries.The nurse shares which of the following points with the client?

Accepted Answer

The client should rinse the mouth for 1 minute with the fluoridated mouthwash and then spit out the mouthwash. Option A is incorrect because using the mouthwash three times daily may lead to overuse and potential harm. Option B is incorrect because the client should use the mouthwash after brushing to enhance its effect. Option D is incorrect because the client should wait at least 30 minutes before eating or drinking after using the mouthwash, not 15 minutes.

Quiz 40: Drugs Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

A client undergoing chemotherapy for cancer asks the nurse how metoclopramide (Reglan) helps decrease nausea.The nurse considers which of the following facts when formulating a response?

When teaching clients about laxatives,the nurse suggests that,although mineral oil is effective,it can be hazardous to their health.When asked for an explanation,the nurse states that mineral oil will do which of the following?

The nurse concludes that which of the following adverse drug effects experienced by a client cannot be caused by diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil) ?

A client with candidiasis has an order for a clotrimazole (Mycelex) troche.The nurse would give the client which instruction about its use?

To avoid intestinal impaction,the nurse administers psyllium (Metamucil) with at least how many milliliters of liquid?

The nurse explains to a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease that omeprazole (Prilosec) has which of the following common adverse effects?

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following conditions would be appropriately treated with a drug classified as a digestant?

The nurse who is reviewing the medication profile of a client taking omeprazole (Prilosec) would become concerned about the risk of increased drug effects of which drug that the client is taking concurrently?

When conducting client teaching about lactulose (Chronulac) ,the nurse includes that it is considered to be which type of laxative?

Which of the following laxatives does the nurse anticipate will be ordered as appropriate for a client who will undergo diagnostic testing of the bowel?

The nurse explains to a client taking nystatin (Mycostatin) that swishing and swallowing is encouraged to

The nurse would have the greatest concern for adverse effects for which of the following clients prescribed to take cimetidine (Tagamet) ?

The nurse assesses for which of the following adverse effects in a client who is taking famotidine (Pepcid) ?

The nurse explains to a client during a discussion of antacids that which of the following is a characteristic of aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta) ?

A client who takes an antihypertensive drug at 0900 has a new drug order for an antacid three times daily.When scheduling the morning dose,the nurse should select which of the following times as optimal?

The nurse plans to assess a client taking an antacid containing aluminum for which of the following adverse effects?

The nurse withholds a dose and notifies the prescriber for which drug that is contraindicated for clients taking antacids?

As part of general nursing knowledge,the nurse is aware that which characteristic of the stomach affects drug absorption?

A client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of action for loperamide (Imodium) by stating that it leads to which of the following?

The nurse working in a well-child clinic is giving instructions to an adolescent about how to use a fluoridated mouthwash to prevent dental caries.The nurse shares which of the following points with the client?