Question 1

_____________ refer(s) primarily to what people do in a religious community,whereas ___________ refers to the human need for a deeper meaning.

Accepted Answer

Religion refers to organized practices and beliefs within a particular community, whereas spirituality refers to individual experiences and feelings of connection to a higher power or sense of purpose. Therefore, religious behaviors and activities are primarily focused on the community aspect of religion, while spirituality refers to the personal search for meaning and connection.

Question 2

______________ is a positive individual trait that refers to people's expectations that their goals can be achieved in the future.

Accepted Answer

Hope is the positive individual trait that refers to people's expectations that their goals can be achieved in the future. Option A, Wishful thinking, is not a positive trait, as it involves unrealistic expectations without any effort towards achieving the goal. Option B, Agency, refers to the belief that individuals have control over their actions and decisions, but it is not directly related to hope. Option C, Pathway, refers to the belief that an individual can identify the specific actions necessary to achieve their goals, but it is not the same as hope.

Question 3

According to Snyder,goal-directed expectations have two components of

Accepted Answer

Snyder proposes that goal-directed expectations consist of two components: agency and pathways. Agency refers to the belief that one has the ability to take action and control their environment, while pathways refer to the belief that one can identify and navigate the routes to achieving their goals. These components are essential for individuals to effectively pursue their goals and achieve success. The other answer choices do not accurately reflect Snyder's two components of goal-directed expectations.

Question 4

According to research by Wrzesniewski,people view their chosen occupations in the following ways:

Accepted Answer

Wrzesniewski's research suggests that people view their occupations as either just a job, a career, or a calling. These categories reflect different levels of personal fulfillment and engagement with one's work.

Question 5

______________ is a positive trait typified by recognizing and concentrating on the good things in one's life and being thankful for them.

Accepted Answer

Gratitude is the positive trait typified by recognizing and concentrating on the good things in one's life and being thankful for them. Hope is a positive feeling about the future, spirituality is a belief system centered around the sacred or divine, and resilience is the ability to bounce back from difficult situations.

Question 6

________________ are organizations that cultivate civic virtues,encouraging people to behave like good citizens while promoting the collective good.

Accepted Answer

The term "positive institutions" refers to organizations that promote the well-being of individuals while also encouraging behaviors that benefit the larger community. Examples of positive institutions include schools, churches, and community centers. These institutions are designed to cultivate civic virtues, such as honesty, fairness, and responsibility, and to promote the collective good.

Question 7

School satisfaction is composed of

Accepted Answer

School satisfaction is composed of both cognitive factors (such as academic achievement, perceived quality of teaching and learning, and perceived relevance of school experiences) and affective factors (such as positive emotions, sense of belonging, and social support).

Question 8

Denise lost her home and all her belongings in a flood.She recognized that her family and others she knows are the most important things in her life.She feels ready to start a new life with her family.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Denise's ability to recognize the importance of her family and her readiness to start a new life despite her devastating loss demonstrate posttraumatic growth. This is the ability to find meaning and purpose, experience personal growth, and build resilience following significant adversity or trauma. Unrealistic thinking and learned helplessness do not apply to this scenario, and shock disorder is not a recognized psychological condition.

Question 9

People who have the positive individual trait of ______________ possess a belief that life has transcendent or nonphysical qualities that are worth seeking and exploring.

Accepted Answer

The trait described is spirituality, which pertains to beliefs about the transcendent or nonphysical aspects of life. Resilience refers to the ability to recover from adversity, hope refers to optimistic expectations about the future, and religiosity specifically implies adherence to organized religious traditions.

Question 10

Months after going through a painful divorce,Bridget describes the event as "the best thing that ever happened to me." Bridget's characterization of the divorce as a positive experience can best be explained by which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

Posttraumatic growth refers to positive changes that can occur as a result of experiencing a traumatic event such as divorce. Bridget's statement implies that she has experienced personal growth and development since the divorce, which is consistent with the concept of posttraumatic growth.

Question 11

A best part of gratitude is that it

Accepted Answer

All of the options are true regarding gratitude. It is easy to express, it is a virtue, and it can be performed almost anytime or anywhere. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Question 12

______________ involve(s) a person's judgment that his or her goals can be achieved and _______________ refer(s) to beliefs that successful plans can be crafted to reach the goal.

Accepted Answer

Agency refers to a person's judgment that their goals can be achieved, while pathways refer to beliefs that successful plans can be crafted to reach the goal. Therefore, the best answer is C) Agency; pathways.

Question 13

In order to stop trying to control life,when it is full of inevitable change,Buddhism advocates

Accepted Answer

Buddhism teaches that suffering stems from our attachment to things and our desire for control. To overcome this, Buddhism advocates for awareness and detachment, acknowledging that life is full of inevitable change and accepting it as it is. Greater control over oneself and the environment or keeping things stable would contradict the core teachings of Buddhism.

Question 14

The assumption that the meaning in life involves something larger than the self or one's own existence is

Accepted Answer

Spirituality often involves the belief in something greater than oneself, which can provide a sense of purpose and meaning in life.

Question 15

Positive psychologists are interested in spirituality because

Accepted Answer

Positive psychologists are interested in spirituality because it offers insights into human happiness and pleasure. Spirituality can be a source of wellbeing and meaning in one's life, and positive psychology seeks to understand and cultivate these positive aspects of spirituality.

Question 16

The aspect of posttraumatic growth that involves greater willingness to take life easier is called

Accepted Answer

The aspect of posttraumatic growth that involves greater willingness to take life easier is referred to as life priority change. This refers to a shift in priorities that allows individuals to be more mindful of their well-being and take steps to avoid overworking themselves. These individuals may also prioritize spending more time with loved ones and pursuing activities that bring them joy and purpose.

Question 17

Phyllis believes her work with the guild is meeting the needs of the workers in her community and serves a social purpose.She most likely sees her job as

Accepted Answer

Phyllis views her work as fulfilling a greater purpose and contributing to the betterment of society, indicating that she sees it as a calling rather than just a job, career, or personal responsibility.

Question 18

___________ is a positive trait that is a person's ability to recover and often prosper following some consequential life event.

Accepted Answer

Resilience refers to a person's ability to bounce back from adversity and continue on with their life in a positive manner. It involves adapting to change and stress, and has been linked to important outcomes such as academic and career success, as well as improved mental and physical health. While hope, gratitude, and optimism can also be positive traits, they do not specifically refer to the ability to rebound after adversity.

Question 19

Quinn works for a company that focuses on nurturing coworkers and doing volunteer work together outside of work hours.The company supports this atmosphere and helps provide funding for the volunteer activities when supplies are required.Quinn most likely works for

Accepted Answer

The company that Quinn works for focuses on nurturing coworkers and doing volunteer work together outside of work hours, which indicates a positive work environment that promotes teamwork and community involvement. The fact that the company supports this atmosphere and helps provide funding for the volunteer activities also suggests that it is invested in the well-being and personal development of its employees.

Question 20

______________ dedicated to studying beneficial human strengths and competencies and how they can be advanced,evaluated,and managed as a means to improve worker performance in businesses and organizations.

Accepted Answer

Positive organizational behavior is the study of positive strengths, competencies, and behaviors that can be applied to improve worker performance in businesses and organizations. Positive psychology is a broader field that encompasses the study of positive emotions, experiences, and traits in individuals and communities. Positive institutions refer to organizations and communities that foster positive psychological strengths and behaviors. Positivity is a general term used to describe the presence of positive emotions, attitudes, and behaviors.

Quiz 16: Positive Psychology

___ refer(s) primarily to what people do in a religious community,whereas _ refers to the human need for a deeper meaning.